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In vivo body composition studies
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ISBN: 1573312576 Year: 2000 Publisher: New York (N.Y.): New York academy of sciences

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Body composition


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A handbook of anthropometry : with a section on The measurement of body composition
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Year: 1960 Publisher: Springfield, IL : Thomas,

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"The Handbook of Anthropometry is designed to be of use to all those who are in any way called upon to measure or to make observations upon the human body, whether it be the living body, the cadaver, or the skeleton. It is deliberately brief, and contains only those measurements and directions for anthroposcopic and other observations which are in most common use, and which, from long experience by several generations of anthropometrists, have been found to be most useful. References to more exhaustive works on anthropometry will be found in the bibliography. It has been many years since a short handbook on anthropometry has been published, and since the present one is extracted and reprinted as a whole from the author's An Introduction to Physical Anthropology (Third edition, Springfield, Thomas, 1960), it should be stated that it is complete in itself and is in no way dependent upon the larger work. It is to be hoped that its separate publication will prove helpful to those who feel the need of such a work. Professor Josef Broek's section on the measurement of body composition will, it is to be hoped, stimulate many workers to undertake studies of the human body which have hitherto been omitted or neglected for want of the proper methods"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved).


Book
Human body composition : approaches and applications
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Year: 1965 Volume: v. 7 Publisher: Oxford,New York : Symposium Publications Division, Pergamon Press

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In vivo body composition studies
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ISBN: 1573312584 Year: 2000 Volume: 904

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Etude des modifications de la comosition corporelle et de leurs conséquences métaboliques après gastroplastie

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The treatment of patients suffering from morbid obesity increasingly needs surgical intervention, notably gastroplasty. This technique involves a spectacular weight loss whose nature is not well characterized.
the clinical prospective study undertaken, aimed thus to analyze the body composition changes (weight, body mass index, fat mass, lean mass and bone mineral content) that are secondary to a weight reduction, and their consequences on the parameters related to different body compartments.
our sample was composed by eleven women and one man (average age : 35 years (23-55) BMI : 43.0 ± 1.1 kg/m²) and the analysis of body composition by anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance and Dual-energy X-ray absorptiométrie, have been performed at different stages : before the operation and three and twelve months after its.
Vertical banded gastroplasty is an effective treatment for morbid obesity, since in the year following the intervention, patients profit from a weight loss that lowers their body mass index from 43 kg/m² to ± 30 kg/m², classifying the patients in the limit of obesity.
the wasting away happens particularly during the first three months after the operation and the cumulative weight loss raises to 33.8 kg at 12 months. This weight reduction derives in 83.9% from fat mass loss, in 15.9% from lead mass loss (11.6% of which comes from skeletal muscle mass) and in 0.2% from loss of bone minerals.
The decreased in fat mass (-27 kg) involves an improvement in several biological markers of the “Syndrom X”, namely an amelioration of insulin tolerance, an increase in HDL-cholesterol and a decrease in triglycerides levels and in uricemia. Concurrently, a reduction in leptin without normalization is observed, suggesting the presence of a still important fat mass (40% of body weight).
The weight loss is also due to a diminution of lean mass (-5.2 kg), especially muscular, associated with a decrease in basal energy expenditure (-20%). Despite this reduction in lean mass the plasma IGF-I levels remain unchanged.
A reduction of bone mass (-160g) is also observed. This is secondary to an increase in bone turnover as proved by the raise in osteocalcin (+84%) and in telopeptides (+46%). Several hormonal mechanisms are potentially implicated. Le traitement des patients atteints d’obésité morbide fait de plus en plus appel au traitement chirurgical, notamment la gastroplastie. Celle-ci entraîne un amaigrissement spectaculaire mais la nature de cette perte de poids est mal connue.
l’étude clinique longitudinale entreprise a donc eu pour objectif d’analyser les changements de composition corporelle (poids, indice de masse corporelle, masse grasse, masse maigre et contenu minéral osseux) secondaires à cet amaigrissement et ses conséquences sur des paramètres en rapport avec les différents compartiments corporels.
Notre échantillon est constitué de onze femmes et un homme d’âge moyen de 37 ans (23-55) et présentant un indice de masse corporel de 43.0 ± 1.1 kg/m². L’analyse de la composition corporelle, par l’usage de l’anthropométrie, l’impédancemétrie et de l’absorptiométrie biphotonique aux rayons X, a été effectuée à différents stades : avant l’opération, trois mois après l’opération et 12 mois après celle-ci.
La gastroplastie verticale est un traitement efficace de l’obésité morbide, puisque qui suit l’intervention, les patients bénéficient d’une perte de poids qui fait chuter l’indice de masse corporel de 43 à 30 kg/m², soit un passage de l’obésité morbide à la limite de l’obésité.
l’amaigrissement se produit surtout au cours des trois premiers mois après la gastroplastie et la perte cumulée s’élève à 33.8 kg à douze mois. En moyenne, cette perte s’avère due pour 83.9% à une perte de masse grasse, pour 15.9% à une perte de masse maigre dont 11.6% liés à une perte de masse musculaire squelettique et pour 0.2% à une perte de minéraux osseux.
la réduction de la masse grasse (-27 kg) entraîne une amélioration des paramètres biologiques du « Syndrome X » avec notamment, une amélioration de la sensibilité à l’insuline ; une diminution des taux de triglycérides, une augmentation de HDL-cholestérol et une diminution de l’uricémie. Parallèlement, nous observons une diminution des taux de leptine qui n’atteignent cependant pas des valeurs normales suggérant la présence d’une masse grasse encore importante (40% du poids corporel en moyenne).
La perte pondérale est aussi due à une diminution de la masse maigre (-5.2 kg) surtout musculaire (-3.7 kg) associée à une diminution de la dépense énergétique de repos (-20%). Malgré cette réduction de masse maigre, les taux plasmatiques d’insulin Growth Factor-I restent inchangés.
Une réduction de la masse osseuse (-160 g) est également observée. Elle est secondaire à une augmentation du turn-over osseux comme en témoignent l’élévation de l’ostéocalcine (+84%) et des télopeptides C-terminal du collagène de type I (+46%-. Plusieurs mécanismes sont potentiellement impliqués.


Book
Détermination de la composition corporelle par CT-Scan et intérêt en oncologie
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Year: 2016 Publisher: Bruxelles: UCL. Faculté de médecine et de médecine dentaire,

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The body cell mass and its supporting environment : body composition in health and disease
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Year: 1963 Publisher: Philadelphia : W.B. Saunders Co.,

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Applied body composition assessment
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ISBN: 0736046305 Year: 2004 Publisher: Champaign Human kinetics

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Körperbau und Bewegung
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ISBN: 3432913311 Year: 1981 Publisher: Stuttgart Enke

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Happy feet, food & fat : management van lichaamssamenstelling : lectorale rede : uitgesproken op woensdag 22 februari 2012
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ISBN: 1280667079 9786613644008 904851651X Year: 2012 Publisher: Amsterdam : Hogeschool van Amsterdam,

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