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"I have met with but one or two persons in the course of my life who understand the art of Walking, that is, of taking walks, who had a genius, so to speak, for sauntering."- Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862)" Everything is within walking distance if you have the time."-Stephen Wright (1955-)For approximately six million years, humans have walked the earth. This is the story of how, why, and to what effect we put one foot in front of the other. Walking has been the primary mode of locomotion for humans until very recent times when we began to sit and ride-first on horses and in carriages, then trains and bicycles, and finally cars, trucks, buses, and airplanes-rather than go on foot. The particular way we saunter, clomp, meander, shuffle, plod along, jaunt, tramp, and wander on foot conveys a wealth of information about our identity, condition, and destination. In this fast-stepping social history, Joseph A. Amato takes us on a journey of walking-from the first human migrations to marching Roman legions and ancient Greeks who considered man a "featherless biped"; from trekking medieval pilgrims to strolling courtiers; from urban pavement pounders to ambling window shoppers to suburban mall walkers. Concentrating on walking in Europe and North America and with particular focus on how walking differed according to social class, Amato distinguishes how, where, when, who, what, and under which conditions people moved on foot. He identifies crucial transformations in the history of walking, including the adoption of the horse by the mounted warrior; the rise of public display among European nobility; and the building of roads and transportation systems, which led to the inevitable ascent of the wheel over the foot.

Walking --- Pedestrianism --- Aerobic exercises --- Animal locomotion --- Athletics --- Human locomotion --- History. --- Caminar --- Locomoció humana --- Història. --- Marche --- activities. --- basic. --- fascinating. --- history. --- human. --- journey. --- most. --- through.

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A Poisoned Chalice tells the story of a long-forgotten criminal case: the poisoning of the communion wine in Zurich's main cathedral in 1776. The story is riveting and mysterious, full of bizarre twists and colorful characters--an anti-clerical gravedigger, a hard-drinking drifter, a defrocked minister--who come to life in a series of dramatic criminal trials. But it is also far more than just a good story. In the wider world of German-speaking Europe, writes Jeffrey Freedman, the affair became a cause célèbre, the object of a lively public debate that focused on an issue much on the minds of intellectuals in the age of Enlightenment: the problem of evil. Contemporaries were unable to ascribe any rational motive to an attempt to poison hundreds of worshippers. Such a crime pointed beyond reason to moral depravity so radical it seemed diabolic. By following contemporaries as they struggled to comprehend an act of inscrutable evil, this book brings to life a key episode in the history of the German Enlightenment--an episode in which the Enlightenment was forced to interrogate the very limits of reason itself. Twentieth-century horrors have familiarized us with the type of evil that so shocked the men and women of the eighteenth century. Does this familiarity give us any special insight into the affair of the poisoned chalice? In its final chapter, the book takes up this question, reflecting on the nature of historical knowledge through an imaginary dialogue with Enlightenment-era interlocutors. But it does not reach any definitive conclusion about what happened in the Zurich cathedral in 1776. To search for the truth about such a mystery is merely to extend a dialogue begun in the eighteenth century, and that dialogue is as open-ended as the process of Enlightenment itself.

Enverinament --- Eucaristia --- Be i mal. --- Il·lustració --- Història --- Vi --- Història --- Països de parla alemanya --- Vida intel·lectual --- American Revolution. --- Augsburg. --- Baptism. --- Blood libel. --- Chemistry. --- Critique of Pure Reason (Kant). --- Deism. --- Diderot, Denis. --- Eberhard, Johann. --- Eternal damnation. --- Evil: diabolic. --- Faust (Müller). --- French Revolution. --- Geneva. --- Gessner, Johannes. --- Göttingen. --- Halle. --- Hitler, Adolf. --- Holocaust. --- Iconoclasm. --- Koller, Johann Jakob. --- Lavoisier, Antoine. --- Leipzig. --- Lucerne. --- Marx, Karl. --- Medicine. --- Möser, Justus. --- Neology. --- Nihilism. --- Original sin. --- Physics. --- Predestination. --- Public sphere. --- Public use of reason. --- Reading cabinets. --- Reading societies. --- Riesbach. --- Semler, Johann. --- Small Council. --- Statistics. --- Stuttgart. --- Theodicy. --- Transubstantiation. --- Ulrich's wife. --- Vienna. --- Voltaire. --- Weber, Matthias. --- Wiedikon. --- Wirz's sister. --- Zwingli, Huldrych.

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Questions about ethnicity, identity, and historical knowledge inform this essential study of a complex revolution.

African diaspora. --- Black diaspora --- Diaspora, African --- Human geography --- Africans --- Migrations --- Haiti --- History --- Haití --- Història. --- Saint-Domingue --- Ayiti --- Bohio --- Haichi --- Hayti --- Haytian Republic --- Quisqueya --- Repiblik Ayiti --- Repiblik d Ayiti --- Republic of Haiti --- République d'Haïti --- ハイチ --- هايتي --- Гаити --- Gaiti

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Why did early medieval kings declare certain properties to be immune from the judicial and fiscal encroachments of their own agents? Did weakness compel them to prohibit their agents from entering these properties, as historians have traditionally believed? In a richly detailed book that will be greeted as a landmark addition to the literature on the Middle Ages, Barbara H. Rosenwein argues that immunities were markers of power. By placing restraints on themselves and their agents, kings demonstrated their authority, affirmed their status, and manipulated the boundaries of sacred space.Rosenwein transforms our understanding of an institution central to the political and social dynamics of medieval Europe. She reveals how immunities were used by kings and other leaders to forge alliances with the noble families and monastic centers that were central to their power. Generally viewed as unchanging juridical instruments, immunities as they appear here are as fluid and diverse as the disparate social and political conflicts that they at once embody and seek to defuse. Their legacy reverberates in the modern world, where liberal institutions, with their emphasis on state restraint, clash with others that encourage governmental intrusion. The protections against unreasonable searches and seizures provided by English common law and the U.S. Constitution developed in part out of the medieval experience of immunities and the institutions that were elaborated to breach them.

Immunity (Feudalism) --- Immunité (Féodalisme) --- Europe --- Politics and government --- History --- Politique et gouvernement --- Histoire --- Immunité (Féodalisme) --- Feudalism --- Immunität --- Bannmeile --- HISTORY / Medieval --- Idade media (aspectos políticos) --- Feudalismo. --- História medieval (aspectos sociopolíticos) --- Privileges (geschiedenis) --- Immuniteit (recht) --- Immunite (Feodalite) --- Dark Ages --- History, Medieval --- Medieval history --- Medieval period --- Middle Ages --- World history, Medieval --- World history --- Civilization, Medieval --- Medievalism --- Renaissance --- Europa. --- Europe. --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia

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This political history of Germany assesses Bismarck's role in the events which paved the way for the catastrophes of the twentieth century, showing how Bismarck first established the association between German nationalism, Prussian militarism, and Hohenzollern authoritarianism. The author is completing a second volume, "The Period of Consolidation, 1871-1890." Volume I has been awarded the McKnight Foundation Humanities Award.

Bismarck, Otto, --- Alemanya --- Història --- Abeken, Heinrich. --- Alsace-Lorraine. --- Alsen, island of. --- Ancillon, Johann. --- Baden-Baden memorial. --- Bavaria. --- Bebel, August. --- Biegeleben, Ludwig Baron von. --- Busch, Moritz. --- Börzenzeitung. --- Coburg intrigue. --- Cologne festival. --- Crimean war. --- Darwin, Charles. --- Das deutsche Museum. --- Dühring, Eugen. --- Ems dispatch. --- Erfurt parliament. --- Favre, Jules. --- February patent. --- Frese, Julius. --- Gastein, treaty of. --- German idealism. --- Grenzboten. --- Hambach festival (1832). --- Hanover. --- Holy Roman Empire. --- Hungary. --- Independence Beige. --- John, King of Saxony. --- Jutland. --- Kaiser project. --- Karlsbad decrees. --- Kossuth, Louis. --- Lammers, August. --- Lassalle, Ferdinand. --- Liebknecht, Wilhelm. --- London conferences. --- Mecklenburg. --- Mommsen, Theodor. --- Napoleon I. --- Nationalverein. --- October diploma (1860). --- Oldenburg. --- Palatinate. --- Prussianization. --- cabinet diplomacy. --- camarilla. --- indemnity bill. --- industrial revolution. --- outline of June. --- pietism. --- Germany --- History