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immigration --- Antwerp

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'Combatting' irregular migration is one of the key challenges to migration management at EU level. The present book addresses one of the most pressing structural problems regarding the EU's return policy: the low return rate of irregularly staying migrants. In this regard the EU Return Directive obliges Member States to issue a return decision, yet only 40% of such decisions are enforced annually. Moreover, despite the political and legal efforts, the EU is not making any significant progress in enforcing the rules it has laid down in the Return Directive. The legislation of EU Member States may, however, serve as a source for possible solutions to 'combat' the problem of irregularly staying migrants. This is why the book compares the system of regularisations in Austria, Germany and Spain. Regularisations constitute an effective alternative to returns because they terminate the irregular residence of migrants, not through deportation, but rather by granting a right of residence. Regularisation is therefore understood as each legal decision that awards legal residency to irregularly staying migrants. As is shown by the examination and comparison of regularisations in Austria, Germany and Spain, differentiated systems of regularisation exist at national level. However, EU regularisations supplementing the present return policy would be more effective at 'combatting' irregular migration at EU level.

Illegal immigration.

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'Combatting' irregular migration is one of the key challenges to migration management at EU level. The present book addresses one of the most pressing structural problems regarding the EU's return policy: the low return rate of irregularly staying migrants. In this regard the EU Return Directive obliges Member States to issue a return decision, yet only 40% of such decisions are enforced annually. Moreover, despite the political and legal efforts, the EU is not making any significant progress in enforcing the rules it has laid down in the Return Directive. The legislation of EU Member States may, however, serve as a source for possible solutions to 'combat' the problem of irregularly staying migrants. It is for this reason that the book compares the system of regularisations in Austria, Germany and Spain. Regularisations constitute an effective alternative to returns because they terminate the irregular residence of migrants, not through deportation, but rather by granting a right of residence. Regularisation is therefore understood as each legal decision that awards legal residency to irregularly staying migrants. As is shown by the examination and comparison of regularisations in Austria, Germany and Spain, differentiated systems of regularisation exist at national level. However, EU regularisations supplementing the present return policy would be more effective at 'combatting' irregular migration at EU level.

Illegal immigration.

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What are the effects of internal migration controls on migrants without a regular residence permit - on "sans papiers"? The book gives an answer to this question with a comparative study of the United States and Germany. Based on expert interviews and in-depth interviews with forty sans papiers, police controls as well as controls in areas such as labor market, health care, housing, schooling and childcare are carefully analysed. The book discusses whether global economic, political or social processes have restricted the ability of advanced capitalist countries to control migration. It argues that migration policy in the OECD countries has become more similar, but this convergence only takes place at the level of policy goals and legal norms. At the level of implementation, national differences persist. The interviews show that sans papiers in the U.S. continue to have many possibilities to participate in society. In contrast, the comprehensive exclusion of sans papiers in Germany confi rms that there is no general "loss of control."

Illegal immigration,.

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Seit fast zwei Jahrzehnten ist das Gebiet um den französischen Hafen von Calais ein Durchgangsort für Tausende von Migrant_innen und Flüchtlingen. Auf dem Höhepunkt der »Flüchtlingskrise« im Jahr 2015 erlangte es weltweite Aufmerksamkeit, als alle dort lebenden Menschen in ein einziges Lager verlegt wurden, das als »der Dschungel« bekannt wurde. Bis zu seiner Auflösung im Oktober 2016 stand dieser unsichere Ort, der seine Bewohner_innen so unsichtbar wie möglich machen sollte, im Mittelpunkt der internationalen Sorge um die Notlage von Flüchtlingen. Der Anthropologe Michel Agier und sein Team untersuchen die Architektur des Lagers, rekonstruieren den Alltag und die Routinen und analysieren die gesellschaftlichen Reaktionen auf den Dschungel, von der feindlichen Regierungspolitik bis hin zu vielschichtigen Solidaritätsbewegungen. Somit entsteht ein umfassender Bericht über das Leben im »Dschungel von Calais« und dessen Zusammenhang mit der globalen Migrationskrise, der auch die Umwälzungen in unseren Gesellschaften aufzeigt - sowohl lokal als auch global. Die Studie wurde verfasst von Michel Agier mit Yasmine Bouagga, Mael Galisson, Cyrille Hanappe, Mathilde Pette und Philippe Wannesson. »Das Buch [stellt] einen wichtigen Beitrag dar, um den Jungle beziehungsweise die Jungles von Calais besser verstehen zu können. Gerade für die deutschsprachige Debatte schließt das Buch Lücken.« Christian Sowa, sub/urban, 8/3 (2020) »Michel Agiers Buch muss als Standardwerk zum Thema der Flucht nach Europa und der nicht gelingenden Migrationspolitik der EU und der EU-Mitgliedsstaaten eingeordnet werden und sollte zum Kanon der Einführungslektüre entsprechender Studiengänge gehören.« Eckart Müller-Bachmann, www.socialnet.de, 24.11.2020 »Diese Fallstudie einer ›migrantischen Stadt‹ basiert auf der engagierten teilnehmenden Beobachtung des Anthropologen Agier und seiner Mitarbeiter und gibt damit tiefer gehenden, überaus lesbaren Einblick in die migrantische Welt. Damit unterscheidet sie sich wesentlich von den zahlreichen journalistischen/ biografischen Darstellungen zum Thema.« Reinhild Khan, ekz-Bibliotheksservice, 19 (2020) »Das Buch liefert eine einzigartige Beschreibung des ›Jungles‹ mit seinen zeitweise über 10.000 Bewohner_innen, Schulen, Kirchen, Moscheen, rund 70 Restaurants sowie Geschäften und des städtebaulichen Prozesses seiner Entstehung und Ausbaus.« Britta Kremers, Lotta, 77 (2019/20) »In this detailed depiction of life in the Jungle, Michel Agier and colleagues offer a powerful, poetic argument about the power and value of place. Taking seriously the lives of those in the camp, this work is a much-needed recognition of their experience and acknowledgement of their humanity.« Michael Collyer, University of Sussex, zur englischsprachigen Ausgabe »In this work, Michel Agier brings his formidable intellect to bear on how we should understand the Calais Jungle. The result is a notable contribution to contemporary discussions of mobility, solidarity, precarity and, most importantly, how we think about Europe itself. Matthew J. Gibney, University of Oxford, zur englischsprachigen Ausgabe »An outstanding historical, sociological and political analysis of the Calais camp. This book is a major contribution that will inform broader debates on refugees and migration.« Marie-Laurence Flahaux, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement and University of Oxford, zur englischsprachigen Ausgabe Besprochen in: InfoDienst Migration, 3 (2020)

Illegal immigration.