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Contemporary metaethics : an introduction
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ISBN: 9780745646596 9780745646589 Year: 2015 Publisher: Cambridge Polity

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"This new edition of Alexander Miller's highly readable introduction to contemporary metaethics provides a critical overview of the main arguments and themes in twentieth- and twenty-first-century contemporary metaethics. Miller traces the development of contemporary debates in metaethics from their beginnings in the work of G.E. Moore up to the most recent arguments between naturalism and non-naturalism, cognitivism and non-cognitivism. From Moore's attack on ethical naturalism, A.J. Ayer's emotivism and Simon Blackburn's quasi-realism to anti-realist and best opinion accounts of moral truth and the non-reductionist naturalism of the 'Cornell realists', this book addresses all the key theories and ideas in this field. As well as revisiting the whole terrain with revised and updated guides to further reading, Miller also introduces major new sections on the revolutionary fictionalism of Richard Joyce and the hermeneutic fictionalism of Mark Kalderon. The new edition will continue to be essential reading for students, teachers and professional philosophers with an interest in contemporary metaethics."--Page 4 of cover.


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Having it both ways : hybrid theories and modern metaethics
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ISBN: 9780199347582 Year: 2014 Publisher: Oxford New York Oxford University Press

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"The two main competing traditions in mainstream metaethics are cognitivism and non-cognitivism. The traditional view of this divide is that the cognitivist understands moral (and other normative) judgments as representational states (e.g. beliefs) whereas the non-cognitivist understands them instead as non-representational states - typically as desire-like states of some kind (e.g. emotions, plans, preferences). Because moral and other normative judgments genuinely do seem to have both belief-like and desire-like elements, this debate has seen each side going through seemingly endless epicycles to either accommodate or debunk what the other side explains easily. Recently, there has been an explosion of interest in theories which transcend these categories by holding that moral and other normative judgments are themselves constituted by both belief-like and desire-like elements and/or that moral and other normative judgments 'express' both belief-like and desire-like states. These are called hybrid theories. The papers in this volume, all new, both provide a guide to the state of the art in this debate and push it forward along numerous fronts"--


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Ethical constructivism
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ISBN: 1108588182 1108706606 1108607551 1108604307 Year: 2022 Publisher: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press,

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Ethical constructivism holds that truths about the relation between rationality, morality, and agency are best understood as constructed by correct reasoning, rather than discovered or invented. Unlike other metaphors used in metaethics, construction brings to light the generative and dynamic dimension of practical reason. On the resultant picture, practical reasoning is not only productive but also self-transforming, and socially empowering. The main task of this volume is to illustrate how constructivism has substantially modified and expanded the agenda of metaethics by refocusing on rational agency and its constitutive principles. In particular, this volume identifies, compares and discusses the prospects and failures of the main strands of constructivism regarding the powers of reason in responding to the challenges of contingency. While Kantian, Humean, Aristotelian, and Hegelian theories sharply differ in their constructivist strategies, they provide compelling accounts of the rational articulation required for an inclusive and unified ethical community.


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Modernity and Contemporaneity

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Modernity and Contemporaneity is the 3rd volume in the Hellenic-Serbian Philosophical Dialogue Series, a project that was initiated as an emphatic token of the will and commitment to establish permanent and fruitful collaboration between two strongly bonded Departments of Philosophy, this of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and that of the University of Novi Sad respectively. This collaboration was founded from the very beginning upon friendship, mutual respect and strong engagement, as well us upon our firm resolution to establish a solid continuity in the editing project. The publication of this volume allows us to entertain feelings of contentment and confidence that this objective of the project has been accomplished.


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Ethik - wozu und wie weiter?
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ISBN: 3839429161 Year: 2015 Publisher: Bielefeld transcript Verlag

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Was meinen wir, wenn wir von ethischen Ansprüchen oder Urteilen sprechen? Welche Aufgabe kommt der philosophischen Ethik in öffentlichen Debatten zu? Wie kann uns der moral point of view gegenüber konkurrierenden ökonomischen, politischen und rechtlichen Ansprüchen orientieren? Die philosophische Ethik steht heute unter einem starken Verwissenschaftlichungsdruck und spezialisiert sich weitgehend auf die Abarbeitung einzelner Folgekosten der Technisierung menschlichen Lebens. Dabei herrscht immer weniger Klarheit darüber, wie sie sich selbst und ihre Aufgabe überhaupt definieren soll. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellen die Beiträge des Bandes die Frage nach dem Eigensinn des Ethischen. »Wer nicht weiß, wie man den Unterschied zwischen Ethik und Moral definiert, oder dass es überhaupt einen gibt, dem ist die Lektüre dieses Buches zu empfehlen.« Andrea Baron, Der blaue Reiter, 38 (2016) »Die ethischen Reflexionen, die in diesem Band geführt werden, weisen weit darüber hinaus, Ethik nur als das zu verstehen, das sich in den gesellschaftlichen Rahmen bruchlos einbettet, um den Menschen in seinem sozialen Handeln zu umzingeln und entstehende Konflikte stromlinienförmig zu moderieren. Darin liegt auch der besondere Reiz dieses Bandes, da er erfrischend von den sich ausweitenden Ethikdebatten, die mit Philosophie nicht mehr viel zu tun haben, abweicht.« Susanne Dungs, www.socialnet.de, 30.11.2015 Besprochen in: www.lehrerbibliothek.de, 07.01.2016, Dieter Bach


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Das Problem moralischen Wissens : Ethischer Relationalismus in Anschluss an Hegel
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ISBN: 3839440033 Year: 2017 Publisher: Bielefeld transcript Verlag

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Gibt es objektive Werte oder Wertüberzeugungen? Worin manifestieren sie sich? In diesen Fragen besteht das Problem moralischen Wissens. Die etablierten metaethischen Theorien beanspruchen zwar plausible Antworten geben zu können, halten dabei jedoch an zwei problematischen Voraussetzungen fest: Ihnen liegt explizit oder implizit ein propositionaler Wissensbegriff und eine Dichotomie von Fakten und Werten zugrunde. In Anschluss an die Philosophie Hegels entwickelt Florian Heusinger von Waldegge ein alternatives Theorieangebot, das die Dogmen der Moralphilosophie hinter sich lässt, ohne eine relativistische oder nonkognitivistische Rückzugsposition einnehmen zu müssen.


Book
Métaéthique : connaissance morale, scepticismes et réalismes
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ISBN: 9782711624775 2711624773 Year: 2013 Volume: *5 *1 Publisher: Paris Librairie philosophique J. Vrin

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Recueil critique de textes classiques de métaéthique, d'Aristote à J.L. Nancy en passant par D. Hume, W. Frankena et P. Foot. La première partie porte sur la recherche de la connaissance morale, la deuxième sur la difficulté des projets rationalistes, la troisième sur les anti-réalismes.


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The Routledge handbook of moral epistemology
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 9781138816121 131571969X 9781315719696 9781317516767 1317516761 9781317516750 1317516753 9781317516743 1317516745 1138816124 Year: 2019 Publisher: New York (N.Y.): Routledge,

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"The Routledge Handbook of Moral Epistemology brings together philosophers, cognitive scientists, developmental and evolutionary psychologists, animal ethologists, intellectual historians and educators to provide the most comprehensive analysis of the prospects for moral knowledge ever assembled in print. The book's thirty chapters feature leading experts describing the nature of moral thought, its evolution, childhood development and neurological realization. Various forms of moral skepticism are addressed along with the historical development of ideals of moral knowledge and their role in law, education, legal policy, and other areas of social life. Highlights include: - Analyses of moral cognition and moral learning by leading cognitive scientists - Accounts of the normative practices of animals by expert animal ethologists - An overview of the evolution of cooperation by preeminent evolutionary psychologists - Sophisticated treatments of moral skepticism, relativism, moral uncertainty, and know-how by renowned philosophers - Scholarly accounts of the development of western moral thinking by eminent intellectual historians - Careful analyses of the role played by conceptions of moral knowledge in political liberation movements, religious institutions, criminal law, secondary education, and professional codes of ethics articulated by cutting-edge social and moral philosophers"--


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The metaphysics of kindness : comparative studies in religious meta-ethics
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ISBN: 0739183796 9780739183793 0739183788 9780739183786 9780739183786 Year: 2015 Publisher: Lanham, Maryland : Lexington Books,

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This book explores the problem of moral metaphysics through investigations of four pivotal philosophers. It uses the contemporary idea of moral sentimentalism as a comparative category to explore the problems and challenges inherent in the project of moral metaphysics.


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Philippa Foot's metaethics
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ISBN: 1108634036 1108601014 1108587429 1108713297 Year: 2021 Publisher: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press,

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This Element presents an interpretation and defence of Philippa Foot's ethical naturalism. It begins with the often neglected grammatical method that Foot derives from an interpretation of Ludwig Wittgenstein's later philosophy. This method shapes her approach to understanding goodness as well as the role that she attributes to human nature in ethical judgment. Moral virtues understood as perfections of human powers are central to Foot's account of ethical judgment. The thrust of the interpretation offered here is that Foot's metaethics takes ethical judgment to be tied to our self-understanding as a sort of rational animal. Foot's metaethics thereby offers a compelling contemporary approach that preserves some of the best insights of the Aristotelian tradition in practical philosophy.

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