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Science --- Sciences --- History --- Periodicals. --- Philosophy --- Histoire --- Périodiques --- Philosophie --- history of science --- philosophy of science --- Baltic states --- History of Europe --- Science. --- Philosophy. --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Natural science --- Science of science --- Sciences - General --- baltic states --- Natural sciences
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scientonomy --- scientific change --- philosophical analysis --- history of scientonomy --- Science --- Philosophy and science --- Philosophy --- History --- Science and philosophy --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Natural science --- Natural sciences --- Science of science --- Sciences
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This open-access book is the first to investigate the roots of Logical Empiricism in the context of the Life Reform and the German Youth Movements. Rudolf Carnap and Hans Reichenbach are the key protagonists; they both belonged to the German Youth Movement and developed their early philosophical views in this setting. By combining scholarly essays with unpublished and hard to access manuscripts, letters, and articles, this volume recasts our understanding of the early years of Logical Empiricism.
Philosophy of science --- European history --- The Logical Structure of the World --- Life Reform Movement --- Vienna Circle --- Logical Empircism --- The German Youth Movement --- Science --- Europe --- Philosophy of Science. --- European History. --- Philosophy. --- History. --- Gay culture Europe --- Normal science
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Tauber, a leading figure in history and philosophy of science, offers a unique autobiographical overview of how science as a discipline of thought has been characterized by philosophers and historians over the past century. He frames his account through science's - and his own personal - quest for explanatory certainty. During the 20th century, that goal was displaced by the probabilistic epistemologies required to characterize complex systems, whether in physics, biology, economics, or the social sciences. This "triumph of uncertainty" is the inevitable outcome of irreducible chance and indeterminate causality. And beyond these epistemological limits, the interpretative faculties of the individual scientist (what Michael Polanyi called the "personal" and the "tacit") invariably affects how data are understood. Whereas positivism had claimed radical objectivity, post-positivists have identified how a web of non-epistemic values and social forces profoundly influence the production of knowledge. Tauber presents a case study of these claims by showing how immunology has incorporated extra-curricular social elements in its theoretical development and how these in turn have influenced interpretive problems swirling around biological identity, individuality, and cognition. The correspondence between contemporary immunology and cultural notions of selfhood are strong and striking. Just as uncertainty haunts science, so too does it hover over current constructions of personal identity, self knowledge, and moral agency. Across the chasm of uncertainty, science and selfhood speak.
Science and civilization. --- Science --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Civilization and science --- History and science --- Science and history --- Science and society --- Progress --- History --- Autobiography. --- Immunology. --- Personal identity. --- Positivism. --- Postmodernism. --- Tauber, Alfred I.
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Is science objective, a disinterested reflection of reality, as Karl Popper and his followers believed? Or is it subjective, a social construction, as Thomas Kuhn maintained? This text gives an enlightening inquiry into the nature of science, using evolutionary theory as a case study.
Biologen --- Biologistes --- Biologists --- Hommes de science --- Scientifiques --- Scientists --- Wetenschappers --- Evolution (Biology) --- Evolution (Biologie) --- Philosophy --- Historiography --- Attitudes --- Philosophie --- Historiographie --- evolutietheorie (evolutieleer, darwinisme) --- wetenschapsfilosofie --- théorie de l'évolution (darwinisme) --- philosophie des sciences --- Biologists. --- Science --- Scientists. --- Philosophy. --- Attitudes. --- Professional employees --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Life scientists --- Naturalists --- Philosophy of nature --- Evolution (Biology) - Philosophy. --- Science - Philosophy.
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This open access volume is based on the 'Early Carnap in Context’ workshop that took place in Konstanz in 2017 and looks at Rudolf Carnap’s philosophy, documented in his recently released diaries, from a combination of historical, cultural and philosophical perspectives. It enables further evaluation of the diaries and traces newly found interrelationships and their systematic definition. From a cultural and historical point of view, Logical Empiricism and Carnap’s pivotal opus, The Logical Structure of the World, did not evolve in a vacuum. This applies equally in a history of philosophy context as well as under consideration of contemporary historical and cultural influences such as the socio-cultural setting in Vienna and Prague, the correlation between Logical Empiricism and Bauhaus modernism, the connection to the Life Reform Movement or the Youth Movement with its own life philosophy. Pursuing Carnap’s progression on a micro level of history and referring the results back to Carnap’s philosophy is now facilitated by recent access to his Diaries from 1908–1935. These shorthand records, reading lists, travel reports and notes constitute a valuable source for the research of networks and social movements which left their mark on him.
Philosophy of science --- European history --- Philosophy of Science --- European History --- Rudolf Carnap --- Carnap’s Diaries --- The Logical Structure of the World --- Life Reform Movement --- Vienna Circle --- Open Access --- Science --- Europe --- Philosophy of Science. --- European History. --- Philosophy. --- History. --- Gay culture Europe --- Normal science
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Advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology promise to have major impacts on human health, wealth, and peace in the coming decades. Among the expected breakthroughs are orders of magnitude increases in computer efficiency, human organ restoration using engineered tissue, `designer' materials created from directed assembly of atoms and molecules, and the emergence of entirely new phenomena in chemistry and physics. This book includes a collection of essays by leading scientists, engineers, and social scientists reviewing the possible uses of these impending technical developments in various industrial, medical, and national security applications, and the corresponding ethical, legal, social, economic, and educational issues that they raise. The report outlines potential areas for research into societal implications of nanotechnology, as well as some preliminary suggestions for how potential positive impacts of nanotechnology can be maximized, while minimizing any possible negative impacts, real or imagined. This book also provides the beginning of a blueprint for how one should address second-order consequences of the new technology, either positive implications or potential risks. This material was prepared under the auspices of the US National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI). The issues raised in the book are global in scope, going far beyond the immediate impact of the NNI. They ask the general questions of how history and the human condition are affected by technological progress, and how individuals and institutions can seek to guide that progress in ways most beneficial to mankind in the long run.
High technology --- Nanotechnology --- Social aspects --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High tech --- Technology --- Nanotechnology. --- Engineering. --- Ethics. --- Science --- Biomedical engineering. --- Nanotechnology and Microengineering. --- Societal Aspects of Physics, Outreach and Education. --- Philosophy of Science. --- Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering. --- Philosophy. --- Clinical engineering --- Medical engineering --- Bioengineering --- Biophysics --- Engineering --- Medicine --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Philosophy --- Values --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Science—Social aspects. --- Philosophy and science. --- Science and philosophy
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This volume provides a critical overview of the nature of nanotechnology (and its applications in the biomedical sciences, i.e. bionanotechnology) and the philosophical and ethico-legal issues it raises. This collection of thirteen articles represents an exploration by scholars from various disciplines (philosophy, anthropology, law, social sciences, psychology, and natural sciences) in North America and Europe. The book contains four major parts respectively entitled 1) Knowledge Production in Nanotechnoscience; 2) Ethics and (Bio)Nanotechnology; 3) Public Policy and (Bio)Nanotechnology; and 4) Human Enhancement and (Bio)Nanotechnology. In the first section, authors examine the nature of nanotechnology as a scientific project and critically reflect on its philosophical underpinnings. The next section introduces the readers to a new area of investigation that explicitly addresses the ethics of nanotechnology/bionanotechnology. More specifically, it examines the theoretical framework(s) necessary to sustain rich ethical reflections at the core of the development of nanotechnology. The third section expands on the ethics of nanotechnology/bionanotechnology but focuses on legal and public policy issues and how the public perception of nanotechnology could ultimately shape policies and regulations. Ultimately these three perspectives (the nature of nanotechnology, ethical approaches and regulatory issues) will shape and frame the discourse on nanobiotechnology. The final section focuses on how scientific progress could affect humans through enhancement technologies and critically assesses whether such progress actually contributes to human flourishing.
Nanomedicine. --- Nanotechnology --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Medicine --- Medical ethics. --- Ethics. --- Science --- Philosophy. --- Theory of Medicine/Bioethics. --- Philosophy of Science. --- Philosophy of Technology. --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Philosophy --- Values --- Biomedical ethics --- Clinical ethics --- Ethics, Medical --- Health care ethics --- Medical care --- Bioethics --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Social medicine --- Mental philosophy --- Humanities --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Philosophy and science. --- Science and philosophy
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Wetenschappelijke kennis en ethische zingeving dienen in één omvattend project te worden geïntegreerd. Deze bundel biedt een reflectie op de mogelijkheid van deze integratie. De vijf bijdragen richten zich daarom alle op het thema 'wetenschap en waarde'. De autonomie van de wetenschappelijke rationaliteit staat buiten kijf. Benadrukt wordt onder verwijzing naar Kuhn en in discussie met Weber dat elk feit theoriegebonden is en elke theorie waarde-gebonden. Daarom is een strikte tegenstelling tussen feit en waarde onhoudbaar.
Science --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Philosophy. --- Philosophy of science --- General ethics --- waarden --- wetenschappen --- 168.5 --- #A9401A --- 168.5 Multidisciplinair karakter der wetenschappen --- 168.5 Systeem der wetenschappen. Systematische ordening der wetenschappen --- Multidisciplinair karakter der wetenschappen --- Systeem der wetenschappen. Systematische ordening der wetenschappen --- Normal science --- Science and ethics --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Philosophy --- valeurs --- sciences --- Wetenschappen --- Waarden --- Ethiek --- Wetenschap --- Waarde (ethiek) --- Godsdienst --- Sport --- Duurzaamheid --- Filosofie --- Psychologie --- Sociologie --- Man --- Cultuur --- Erfelijkheidsleer --- Stadssamenleving --- Technologie --- Voeding --- Maatschappij --- Verpleegkunde --- Drank --- Gezondheid --- Volwassene --- Geschiedenis --- Voorlichting
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Science --- Technology --- Ethics --- Technology Assessment, Biomedical --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Social aspects --- Sciences --- Technologie --- Aspect moral. --- Philosophie. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Social aspects. --- Technology and ethics --- Science and society --- Sociology of science --- Science and ethics --- Applied science --- Arts, Useful --- Science, Applied --- Useful arts --- Natural science --- Science of science --- Technology (General) --- Ethics. --- Science (General) --- Industrial arts --- Material culture --- Technology (General). --- Science (General). --- Natural sciences --- Philosophy. --- Aspect moral --- Aspect social --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science