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Charitable uses, trusts, and foundations --- Mutual funds --- Trusts and trustees --- Uses (Law) --- Law and legislation
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eebo-0216
Charitable uses, trusts, and foundations --- Charity laws and legislation --- Uses (Law) --- Mortmain
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La gestion et les modalités d’usage des biens de l’Etat ont surtout retenu l’attention de la doctrine à propos du domaine public, en particulier sous l’angle de l’exercice des libertés idéales. Mais, comme le montre la jurisprudence récente, la problématique de l’applicabilité des droits fondamentaux concerne de plus en plus le patrimoine administratif et le patrimoine financier. Parmi les droits fondamentaux pertinents, la liberté économique a pris une importance accrue, notamment dans sa dimension d’égalité de traitement entre concurrents. L’octroi de droits d’usage sur tous les biens de l’Etat n’échappe pas à l’exigence croissante de mise en concurrence, notamment avec l’application de la loi fédérale sur le marché intérieur. Le moment est donc bien choisi pour approfondir la réflexion sur le champ d’application et la portée des droits fondamentaux en matière de gestion et d’usage des biens de l’Etat, tout en inscrivant cette problématique dans la théorie générale des biens de l’Etat et en incorporant à la démarche une dimension comparatiste. L’ouvrage présentant les Actes de la Journée de droit administratif 2019 offre ainsi d’abord un état des lieux critique du régime juridique des biens de l’Etat. Il se poursuit par une analyse détaillée des enjeux liés à chaque grande catégorie de biens de l’Etat, à savoir, le domaine public, le patrimoine administratif et le patrimoine financier. Une contribution est spécialement dédiée à la question des règles appelées à régir l’octroi de l’usage des biens de l’Etat, en particulier sous l’angle des marchés publics. L’ouvrage se conclut avec une double perspective comparatiste en droit français et en droit belge.
Droit d'usage --- Biens (droit) --- Domaine public --- Droit et État --- Droit et État --- Uses (Law) --- Property --- Biens (Droit) --- Public domain --- Law --- Droit --- Political aspects --- Aspect politique
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The first section of the book contains an overview of the charitable sector in Canada, a sociological review of altruism in different societies, a discussion of altruism in various philosophical and religious traditions, an economic analysis of "rational voluntarism," and an assessment of the relationship between the charitable sector and the welfare state. The second section contains five papers on the legal definition of charity, both general (the jurisprudence of the Federal Court of Appeal and a proposal for rethinking the concept of "public benefit"), and particular (the political purposes doctrine, religion as charity, and a commentary on the recent major Supreme Court decision on the meaning of charity). The third section deals with the tax status of charities: two papers evaluate the current tax credit system and one deals with the administration of charities by the Canada Customs and Revenue Agency. The final section contains essays on charities and commercial enterprise, on the regulation of fund-raising, and on needed reforms in non-profit corporation law. At a time when the federal government is about to embark on a wide range of policy initiatives to assist and regulate the non-profit sector, these essays are necessary reading for anyone concerned with the future of the charitable sector in Canada. Contributors include Neil Brooks (Osgoode Hall Law School), Cara Cameron (McGill), Bruce Chapman, Kevin Davis (Toronto), Abraham Drassinower (Toronto), David Duff (Toronto), Richard Janda (McGill), Will Kymlicka (Queen's), Andrée Lajoie (Montreal), Mayo Moran (Toronto), Charles-Maxime Panaccio (office of Mr Justice Charles Gonthier), Jim Phillips, Jane Allyn Piliavin (Wisconsin-Madison), David Sharpe (Attorney-General's Office, New York State), Lorne Sossin (Osgoode Hall Law School), David Stevens, and Jen-Chieh Ting (Academia Sinica).
Charitable uses, trusts, and foundations --- Charitable remainder trusts --- Donations --- Endowments --- Charities --- Charity laws and legislation --- Juristic persons --- Trusts and trustees --- Uses (Law) --- Charitable bequests --- Law and legislation
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Launched in 1993, The Common Core of European Private law is the oldest ongoing collective comparative law efort in Europe. Putting cases at their heart, each book in this series analyses a selected legal topic on the basis of real and fctional facts across diferent European and other jurisdictions. The likely outcome of the decision and its underlying legal rules are clearly set out case by case and jurisdiction by jurisdiction. In addition, the national reporters put the respective legal rules into the relevant cultural context. In this way, the collaborative efort brings not only the inner structures of national laws in Europe to the fore, but also the diferent cultural sensitivities forging their development in the frst place. It allows a reliable map of what is diferent and what is common in the various private laws across Europe to be drawn, without any specifc agenda for or against the further harmonisation of private law in Europe. The series comprises more than 20 volumes of work of more than 300 academics and is an invaluable tool to understand private law across Europe. In this book, which is part of the Common Core of European Private Law series, reporters consider legal institutions - such as the well-known acquisitive prescription and adverse possession - that allow squatters and other persons who have occupied the private or public land of others to acquire that land through mere long-term use. Rules permitting such acquisition have existed since Roman times and are said to promote legal certainty as regards ownership of land. The reporters investigate how these rules work in their legal systems today and whether this justifcation still holds water, especially given that land is now registered in most countries. Registration seems to obviate the necessity for rules permitting acquisition of land through mere long-term use, as land registration systems create clarity as to who owns the land. The continued existence of these rules also comprises a human-rights dimension. Landowners enjoy constitutional property protection under many constitutions and other legal instruments. The loss of protected ownership draws the constitutional validity of rules on long-term use into question. Yet, the rights to housing and human dignity are also relevant, especially where such users have lived on the land for extended periods and regard it as their home or where they are vulnerable to landlessness. As such, these rights must be balanced against each other. The reporters represent 19 jurisdictions from all over the world, including civil law, common law and mixed legal systems, and are from both the global north and the global south. A comparison between these legal systems and their experience with their rules on long-term use reveals a common core and guidelines against which these rules may be measured in other countries. As such, this book will be valuable to practitioners dealing with both private and public law, academic lawyers and government ofcials tasked with land use planning. With contributions by Miriam Anderson (University of Barcelona), Michel Boudot (Universite de Poitiers), Dmitry Dozhdev (Moscow School of Social and Economic Sciences), Magdalena Habdas (University of Silesia in Katowice), Karoline Rakneberg Haug (Norwegian Parliamentary Ombud for Scrutiny of the Public Administration), Bjoern Hoops (University of Groningen), Eran S. Kaplinsky (University of Alberta), John A. Lovett (Loyola University New Orleans College of Law), Ernst J. Marais (University of Johannesburg), Francesco Mezzanotte (University of Roma Tre), Matti Ilmari Niemi (University of Eastern Finland), Alasdair Peterson (University of Glasgow), Hector Simon (University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona), Jozef Stefanko (University of Trnava), Johan Van de Voorde (University of Antwerp), Filippo Valguarnera (Stockholm University), Leon Verstappen (University of Groningen), Emma J.L. Waring (University of York) and Una Woods (University of Limerick).
Comparative law --- Droit comparé --- Possession (Law) --- Possession (Droit) --- Squatters --- Squatteurs --- Real propert --- Biens réels --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Droit --- Ownership --- Propriété --- Acquisition of property --- Property, Acquisition of --- Property --- Transfer (Law) --- Law and legislation --- Law of real property --- Civil law --- Occupation (droit civil) --- Usage (droit) --- Uses (law) --- Droit civil --- Propriété immobilière --- Real property --- Case studies --- Europe --- Uses (Law) --- Case studies. --- Propriété immobilière
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Trusts and trustees --- Fiducie --- Boards of trustees --- Fiduciaries --- Trust funds --- Trustees --- Contracts --- Equity --- Estate planning --- Executors and administrators --- Fiducia --- Inheritance and succession --- Powers (Law) --- Structured settlements --- Trust companies --- Uses (Law) --- Law and legislation --- Trusts and trustees.
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Trusts and trustees --- Boards of trustees --- Fiduciaries --- Trust funds --- Trustees --- Contracts --- Equity --- Estate planning --- Executors and administrators --- Fiducia --- Inheritance and succession --- Powers (Law) --- Structured settlements --- Trust companies --- Uses (Law) --- Law and legislation
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Providing an economic account of why trusts exist and how trust law should be shaped, this book explains the economic benefits of trusts as an extension of the law of property, arguing against accounts of trusts law grounded in the law of personal obligations. The theoretical model is then used to criticise recent developments in the law.
Trusts and trustees --- Law, Politics & Government --- Law, General & Comparative --- Boards of trustees --- Fiduciaries --- Trust funds --- Trustees --- Contracts --- Equity --- Estate planning --- Executors and administrators --- Fiducia --- Inheritance and succession --- Powers (Law) --- Structured settlements --- Trust companies --- Uses (Law) --- Law and legislation
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Fiduciary law is one of the most important areas of private law, governing a wide range of relationships that affect people in their daily lives. These new and innovative essays explore the foundations of fiduciary relationships and the duties fiduciaries owe to their beneficiaries.
Trusts and trustees --- Law, Politics & Government --- Law, General & Comparative --- Philosophy --- Boards of trustees --- Fiduciaries --- Trust funds --- Trustees --- Contracts --- Equity --- Estate planning --- Executors and administrators --- Fiducia --- Inheritance and succession --- Powers (Law) --- Structured settlements --- Trust companies --- Uses (Law) --- Law and legislation
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Trusts and trustees --- Boards of trustees --- Fiduciaries --- Trust funds --- Trustees --- Contracts --- Equity --- Estate planning --- Executors and administrators --- Fiducia --- Inheritance and succession --- Powers (Law) --- Structured settlements --- Trust companies --- Uses (Law) --- Law and legislation