Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

wapenhandel

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This report examines the rapid growth in EU border externalisation measures and agreements that began in 1992 and have accelerated since 2015. The EU is now involved in more than 35 neighbouring countries training security forces; donating helicopters, patrol ships and vehicles, surveillance and monitoring equipment; developing extensive biometric systems; and requiring countries to accept people deported from Europe. It has become a central objective of EU foreign relations including its aid and trade policies. This report looks in particular depth at how this cooperation has played out in Turkey, Libya, Egypt, Sudan, Niger, Mauritania and Mali and finds a consistent pattern of authoritarian state regimes emboldened to repress civil society, vulnerable refugees targeted and forced to look for other, often more dangerous and deadly routes, and an EU agenda obsessed with migration control regardless of its social and human costs. But that doesn’t mean there haven’t been winners. The report also exposes the European arms and security firms as well as semi-public consultancy organisations booming off the surge in funding for border security systems and technologies