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The present book provides a contemporary systematic treatment of shock waves in high-temperature collisionless plasmas as are encountered in near Earth space and in Astrophysics. It consists of two parts. Part I develops the complete theory of shocks in dilute hot plasmas under the assumption of absence of collisions among the charged particles when the interaction is mediated solely by the self-consistent electromagnetic fields. Such shocks are naturally magnetised implying that the magnetic field plays an important role in their evolution and dynamics. This part treats both subcritical shocks, which dissipate flow energy by generating anomalous resistance or viscosity, and supercritical shocks. The main emphasis is, however, on super-critical shocks where the anomalous dissipation is insufficient to retard the upstream flow. These shocks, depending on the direction of the upstream magnetic field, are distinguished as quasi-perpendicular and quasi-parallel shocks which exhibit different behaviours, reflecting particles back upstream and generating high electromagnetic wave intensities. Particle acceleration and turbulence at such shocks become possible and important. Part II treats planetary bow shocks and the famous Heliospheric Termination shock as examples of two applications of the theory developed in Part I.

Astrophysics. --- General relativity (Physics). --- Plasma astrophysics. --- Space plasmas. --- Plasma astrophysics --- Collisionless plasmas --- Astronomy & Astrophysics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Astrophysics --- Plasma waves. --- Shock waves. --- Cosmic plasmas --- Plasmas, Cosmic --- Plasmas, Space --- Plasma sound waves --- Physics. --- Space sciences. --- Plasma (Ionized gases). --- Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Sciences. --- Astrophysics and Astroparticles. --- Plasma Physics. --- Gaseous discharge --- Gaseous plasma --- Magnetoplasma --- Ionized gases --- Science and space --- Space research --- Cosmology --- Science --- Astronomy --- Astronomical physics --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Plasma (Ionized gases) --- Shock (Mechanics) --- Waves --- Acoustic surface waves --- Magnetohydrodynamics --- Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics).

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Space research --- Solar system --- Astrophysics --- zonnestelsel --- astrofysica --- planeten --- ruimtevaart

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This book offers eleven coordinated reviews on multi-scale structure formation in cosmic plasmas in the Universe. Observations and theories of plasma structures are presented in all relevant astrophysical contexts, from the Earth’s magnetosphere through heliospheric and galactic scales to clusters of galaxies and the large scale structure of the Universe. Basic processes in cosmic plasmas starting from electric currents and the helicity concept governing the dynamics of magnetic structures in planet magnetospheres, stellar winds, and relativistic plasma outflows like pulsar wind nebulae and Active Galactic Nuclei jets are covered. The multi-wavelength view from the radio to gamma-rays with modern high resolution telescopes discussed in the book reveals a beautiful and highly informative picture of both coherent and chaotic plasma structures tightly connected by strong mutual influence. The authors are all leading scientists in their fields, making this book an authoritative, up‐to‐date and enduring contribution to astrophysics.

Astrophysics --- Astronomy & Astrophysics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Space plasmas. --- Cosmic plasmas --- Plasmas, Cosmic --- Plasmas, Space --- Cosmic physics --- Plasma (Ionized gases) --- Astrophysics. --- Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics). --- Plasma Physics. --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Physics --- Space sciences. --- Plasma (Ionized gases). --- Gaseous discharge --- Gaseous plasma --- Magnetoplasma --- Ionized gases --- Science and space --- Space research --- Cosmology --- Science

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The Ulysses observations have charted the heliosphere around the minimum in the 11 year cycle of solar activity, revealing the large scale properties of the heliospheric medium and its micro-scale characteristics. This book presents for the first time, a comprehensive review of the results of the Ulysses mission.The first chapter provides an overview of the region, introducing the heliosphere prior to the Ulysses mission, and the objectives and characteristics of the mission itself. Subsequent chapters discuss in detail specific areas of the heliosphere, including the solar wind, large and small scale features, cosmic rays and energetic particles, and the observations of interstellar gas and cosmic dust. Each of these chapters is written by members of the Ulysses science team, concentrating on their own areas of expertise, and is written in a clear and accessible way.In this book, the authors aim to summarise our understanding of the heliosphere near solar minimum and to provide the basis for understanding the more complex state of the heliosphere around solar maximum, which will be observed during the next phase of the Ulysses mission.

Heliosphere (Astrophysics). --- Solar activity --- Ulysses (Spacecraft).

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This book offers eleven coordinated reviews on multi-scale structure formation in cosmic plasmas in the Universe. Observations and theories of plasma structures are presented in all relevant astrophysical contexts, from the Earth’s magnetosphere through heliospheric and galactic scales to clusters of galaxies and the large scale structure of the Universe. Basic processes in cosmic plasmas starting from electric currents and the helicity concept governing the dynamics of magnetic structures in planet magnetospheres, stellar winds, and relativistic plasma outflows like pulsar wind nebulae and Active Galactic Nuclei jets are covered. The multi-wavelength view from the radio to gamma-rays with modern high resolution telescopes discussed in the book reveals a beautiful and highly informative picture of both coherent and chaotic plasma structures tightly connected by strong mutual influence. The authors are all leading scientists in their fields, making this book an authoritative, up‐to‐date and enduring contribution to astrophysics.

Space research --- Plasma physics --- Physics --- plasma --- plasmafysica --- fysica --- ruimtevaart