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Earlier theses on the history of childhood can now be laid to rest and a fundamental paradigm shift initiated, as there is an overwhelming body of evidence to show that in medieval and early modern times too there were close emotional relations between parents and children. The contributors to this volume demonstrate conclusively on the one hand how intensively parents concerned themselves with their children in the pre-modern era, and on the other which social, political and religious conditions shaped these relationships. These studies in emotional history demonstrate how easy it is for a subjective choice of sources, coupled with faulty interpretations - caused mainly by modern prejudices toward the Middle Ages in particular - to lead to the view that in the past children were regarded as small adults. The contributors demonstrate convincingly that intense feelings - admittedly often different in nature - shaped the relationship between adults and children. Frühere Thesen zur Kindheitsgeschichte können mittlerweile zu den Akten gelegt werden, denn die Masse der Beweise dafür, dass auch im Mittelalter und in der Frühneuzeit enge emotionale Beziehungen zwischen Eltern und Kindern bestanden, erweist sich als erdrückend und ermöglicht einen fundamentalen Paradigmenwechsel. Die Beiträger zu diesem Band weisen einerseits zwingend nach, wie intensiv Eltern in der Vormoderne sich um ihre Kinder gekümmert haben, andererseits führen sie auch vor Augen, welche sozialen, politischen und religiösen Bedingungen diese Beziehungen gestalteten. Diese emotionsgeschichtlichen Untersuchungen demonstrieren, wie leicht eine subjektive Quellenauswahl und Fehlinterpretationen, meist bedingt durch moderne Vorurteile besonders gegen das Mittelalter, zu der Meinung führen können, dass Kinder in der Vergangenheit als kleine Erwachsene angesehen wurden. Die Beiträger weisen überzeugend nach, dass intensive, wenngleich oftmals anders gelagerte Gefühle das Verhältnis zwischen Erwachsenen und Kindern prägten.

Children --- Parent and child --- Enfants --- Parents et enfants --- History. --- Histoire --- History --- -Parent and child --- -37 <09> "04/14" --- 392.3 <09> --- 930.86.01 --- Child and parent --- Children and parents --- Parent-child relations --- Parents and children --- Children and adults --- Interpersonal relations --- Parental alienation syndrome --- Sandwich generation --- Childhood --- Kids (Children) --- Pedology (Child study) --- Youngsters --- Age groups --- Families --- Life cycle, Human --- Geschiedenis van opvoeding en onderwijs--Middeleeuwen --- Familieleven. Familiesystemen. Gezinsleven. Matriarchaat. Patriarchaat. Kinship--Geschiedenis van ... --- Mentaliteitsgeschiedenis:--Middeleeuwen --- 930.86.01 Mentaliteitsgeschiedenis:--Middeleeuwen --- 392.3 <09> Familieleven. Familiesystemen. Gezinsleven. Matriarchaat. Patriarchaat. Kinship--Geschiedenis van ... --- 37 <09> "04/14" Geschiedenis van opvoeding en onderwijs--Middeleeuwen --- 37 <09> "04/14" --- Familieleven. Familiesystemen. Gezinsleven. Matriarchaat. Patriarchaat. Kinship--Geschiedenis van .. --- Familieleven. Familiesystemen. Gezinsleven. Matriarchaat. Patriarchaat. Kinship--Geschiedenis van . --- Familieleven. Familiesystemen. Gezinsleven. Matriarchaat. Patriarchaat. Kinship--Geschiedenis van --- Children - History --- Parent and child - History --- Literature --- German Literature --- Middle Ages

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World history --- anno 500-1499 --- anno 1500-1799 --- Urbanization --- Cities and towns --- SOCIAL SCIENCE --- Urbanization. --- History. --- Growth --- Sociology --- Urban. --- Growth. --- Social science --- Global cities --- Municipalities --- Towns --- Urban areas --- Urban systems --- Human settlements --- Sociology, Urban --- Growth&delete& --- History

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This new volume explores the surprisingly intense and complex relationships between East and West during the Middle Ages and the early modern world, combining a large number of critical studies representing such diverse fields as literary (German, French, Italian, English, Spanish, and Arabic) and other subdisciplines of history, religion, anthropology, and linguistics. The differences between Islam and Christianity erected strong barriers separating two global cultures, but, as this volume indicates, despite many attempts to 'Other' the opposing side, the premodern world experienced an astonishing degree of contacts, meetings, exchanges, and influences. Scientists, travelers, authors, medical researchers, chroniclers, diplomats, and merchants criss-crossed the East and the West, or studied the sources produced by the other culture for many different reasons. As much as the theoretical concept of 'Orientalism' has been useful in sensitizing us to the fundamental tensions and conflicts separating both worlds at least since the eighteenth century, the premodern world did not quite yet operate in such an ideological framework. Even though the Crusades had violently pitted Christians against Muslims, there were countless contacts and a palpable curiosity on both sides both before, during, and after those religious warfares.

History of civilization --- World history --- East and West --- Middle Ages --- Literature, Medieval --- History --- Historiography --- History and criticism --- Europe --- Asia --- Relations --- East and West. --- Literature, Medieval. --- International relations. --- Kulturkontakt --- Internationella relationer --- Kulturmöten --- Historiografi. --- Litteratur --- Historiography. --- History and criticism. --- historia. --- To 1500. --- Medeltiden. --- Före 1800. --- Asia. --- Europe. --- Europa --- Orient --- Europa. --- Asien. --- Kulturkontakt. --- Orient. --- Asia -- Relations -- Europe. --- East and West -- History -- To 1500. --- Europe -- Relations -- Asia. --- Literature, Medieval -- History and criticism. --- Middle Ages -- Historiography. --- History & Archaeology --- History - General --- Civilization, Western --- Civilization, Oriental --- Occident and Orient --- Orient and Occident --- West and East --- Asian influences --- Oriental influences --- Western influences --- Medievalists --- Eastern question --- East and West - History - To 1500 --- Middle Ages - Historiography --- Literature, Medieval - History and criticism --- Europe - Relations - Asia --- Asia - Relations - Europe --- East-west contacts. --- interculturality. --- orientalism. --- toleration.

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Death is not only the final moment of life, it also casts a huge shadow on human society at large. People throughout time have had to cope with death as an existential experience, and this also, of course, in the premodern world. The contributors to the present volume examine the material and spiritual conditions of the culture of death, studying specific buildings and spaces, literary works and art objects, theatrical performances, and medical tracts from the early Middle Ages to the late eighteenth century. Death has always evoked fear, terror, and awe, it has puzzled and troubled people, forcing theologians and philosophers to respond and provide answers for questions that seem to evade real explanations. The more we learn about the culture of death, the more we can comprehend the culture of life. As this volume demonstrates, the approaches to death varied widely, also in the Middle Ages and the early modern age. This volume hence adds a significant number of new facets to the critical examination of this ever-present phenomenon of death, exploring poetic responses to the Black Death, types of execution of a female murderess, death as the springboard for major political changes, and death reflected in morality plays and art.

History of civilization --- anno 1600-1699 --- anno 1500-1599 --- Europe --- Middle Ages. --- Material culture --- Death in art. --- Death in literature. --- Moyen Age --- Culture matérielle --- Mort dans l'art --- Mort dans la littérature --- History. --- Histoire --- History --- Social life and customs. --- Religious life and customs. --- Intellectual life. --- Moeurs et coutumes --- Vie religieuse --- Vie intellectuelle --- Culture matérielle --- Mort dans la littérature --- Death --- Middle Ages --- Death in art --- Death in literature --- Social aspects&delete& --- Religious aspects&delete& --- Culture --- Folklore --- Technology --- Dark Ages --- History, Medieval --- Medieval history --- Medieval period --- World history, Medieval --- World history --- Civilization, Medieval --- Medievalism --- Renaissance --- 930.86.01 --- 393 --- 393 Dood. Dodengebruiken. Dodenritueel. Lijkverbranding. Begrafenis. Crematie. Rouw. Opbaren. Lijkstoet. Sterven. Dodenmaskers --- Dood. Dodengebruiken. Dodenritueel. Lijkverbranding. Begrafenis. Crematie. Rouw. Opbaren. Lijkstoet. Sterven. Dodenmaskers --- 393 Death. Treatment of corpses. Funerals. Death rites --- Death. Treatment of corpses. Funerals. Death rites --- 930.86.01 Mentaliteitsgeschiedenis:--Middeleeuwen --- Mentaliteitsgeschiedenis:--Middeleeuwen --- Dying --- End of life --- Life --- Terminal care --- Terminally ill --- Thanatology --- Philosophy --- Social aspects --- Religious aspects

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After an extensive introduction that takes stock of the relevant research literature on Old Age in the Middle Ages and the early modern age, the contributors discuss the phenomenon of old age in many different fields of late antique, medieval, and early modern literature, history, and art history. Both Beowulf and the Hildebrandslied, both Wolfram von Eschenbach's Parzival and Titurel, both the figure of Merlin and the trans-European tradition of Perceval/Peredur/Parzival, then the figure of the vetula in a variety of medieval French, English, and Spanish texts, and of the Old Man in The Stricker's Daniel, both the treatment of old age in Langland's Piers the Plowman and in Jean Gerson's sermons are dealt with. Other aspects involve late-antique epistolary literature, early modern French farce in light of Disability Studies, the social role of old, impotent men in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Netherlandish paintings, and the scientific discourse of old age and health since the 1500's. The discourse of Old Age proves to have been of central importance throughout the ages, so the critical examination of the issues involved sheds intriguing light on the cultural history from late antiquity to the seventeenth century.

Comparative literature --- Thematology --- anno 500-1499 --- anno 1500-1599 --- Europe --- European literature --- Literature, Medieval --- Old age in literature --- Old age --- Later life (Human life cycle) --- Senescence --- Adulthood --- Age --- Longevity --- Older people --- Older people in literature --- History and criticism --- History --- Old age in literature. --- History and criticism. --- History. --- Early Modern Age. --- Late Antiquity. --- Literature, History, and Art History. --- Middle Ages. --- Old Age Studies.