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Since the classic studies of Woodworth (1899), the role ofvision in the control of movement has been an importantresearch topic in experimental psychology. While many earlystudies were concerned with the relative importance of visionand kinesthesis and/or the time it takes to use visualinformation, recent theoretical and technical developmentshave stimulated scientists to ask questions about howdifferent sources of visual information contribute to motorcontrol in different contexts. In this volume, articles arepresented that provide a broad coverage

Perceptual-motor processes. --- Motion perception (Vision) --- Visual perception. --- Kinesiology. --- Sensory-motor processes --- Movement, Psychology of --- Perception --- Cinesiology --- Human mechanics --- Motor ability --- Optics, Psychological --- Vision --- Visual discrimination --- Movement perception (Vision) --- Speed perception --- Visual perception --- Psychological aspects --- Kinesiology --- Perceptual-motor processes --- Kinesthesis --- Motion Perception --- Visual Perception --- 612.8 --- Movement Perception --- Perception, Motion --- Perception, Movement --- Motion Capture --- Kinesthetic Sense --- Movement Sensation --- Kinesthesia --- Kinestheses --- Kinesthesias --- Kinesthetic Senses --- Movement Sensations --- Visual Processing --- Perception, Visual --- Processing, Visual --- Vision, Ocular --- Zenuwstelsel. Zintuigen. Motorische neurowetenschappen

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Motor Activity --- Goals. --- Intention. --- Psychomotor Performance --- Visual Perception --- Perceptual-motor processes. --- Motion perception (Vision) --- Visual perception. --- Processus perceptivomoteurs --- Perception du mouvement (Vision) --- Perception visuelle --- physiology. --- Perceptual-motor processes --- Goals --- Intention --- Activité motrice --- Perception spatiale --- Mouvement --- physiology --- 612.8 --- Fysiologie --- Zenuwstelsel --- Bewegen --- Motoriek --- Zenuwstelsel. Zintuigen. Motorische neurowetenschappen --- Visual perception --- Optics, Psychological --- Vision --- Perception --- Visual discrimination --- Sensory-motor processes --- Movement, Psychology of --- Movement perception (Vision) --- Speed perception --- Psychological aspects

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To interact with the environment, an individual must code, store, and translate spatial information into the appropriate motor commands for achieving an outcome. Working from this premise, Vision and Goal-Directed Movement: Neurobehavioral Perspectives discusses how visual perception, attention, and memory are linked to the processes of movement preparation and execution. With contributions from active researchers in movement science, Vision and Goal-Directed Movement presents the latest theories on the utilization of vision in goal-directed movement control. As a resource for motor control and motor learning researchers, students, educators, and clinicians, Vision and Goal-Directed Movement offers the following: Comprehensive coverage of current behavior-based literature on the visual control of goal-directed movement; A systematic explication of the sensory and physiological processes and systems responsible for fast, accurate, and efficient performance; A solid foundation for further study of the sensory and neural systems responsible for precise goal-directed behavior; A discussion of how current research on vision and goal-directed movement can assist in creating efficient and safe work environments. Using research informed by neural imaging and magnetic brain stimulation, this text provides readers with a better understanding of the neural foundations for goal-directed movement, illustrates the flexibility of the human visuomotor system, and discusses how regulation of movements depends on the learning and developmental history of the performer. It begins by reviewing the works of R.S. Woodworth and the influence of his theories on current research. The majority of the chapters in the first section of the book take a behavioral and process-oriented approach to exploring goal-directed movement. The text then explores the sensory and neural foundations for goal-directed action, including issues related to both pursuit and saccadic eye movements as well as discussion of the specialization of various cortical systems for the regulation of movement. Especially relevant to professionals and scientists concerned with skill instruction and rehabilitation, the final part of the text provides a review of recent research on how and why limb control changes occur with practice and development. In addition, Vision and Goal-Directed Movement considers how the research presented can maximize precision, efficiency, and safety in workspace design. Vision and Goal-Directed Movement: Neurobehavioral Perspectives adds a unique offering to the literature base for motor behavior, demonstrating how advances in both behavioral and neurophysiological methods can inform theories related to the biological systems contributing to skilled performance.

Perceptual-motor processes. --- Motion perception (Vision) --- Visual perception.

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Elderly people often encounter problems in visuomotor interaction with their environment due to substantial declines in the functioning of their sensory-motor and cognitive systems. As a result of this deterioration, the elderly seem to use visual feedback for online corrections in manual aiming more so than younger people do. Studies of age-related differences in discrete aiming tasks have indicated that older adults spend more time decelerating their goal-directed movements when homing-in on the target to achieve the same degree of accuracy. As the deceleration phase is associated with feedback-based adjustments to the ongoing movement, it has been suggested that older adults are more dependent on visual feedback to monitor and control goal-directed movements. Accordingly, adequate visuomotor integration is increasingly important for everyday functioning of the elderly. Consequently, it seems that elderly need to find a new strategy to cope with the aforementioned declines in performance by employing a new optimal combination of open- and closed-loop control (related to central planning processes and feedback-based adjustments, respectively), counting less on the former and more on the latter. To date, no attempt has been made to document age-related changes in the visual control of elderly during goal-directed actions. How and to what extent the elderly actually compensate for these declines remains therefore an intriguing question. In this view, the principal aim of this project will be to examine how visuomotor control changes as a result of aging based on detailed recording of eye-movement patterns in parallel to those of the hand trajectory. The main hypothesis is: elderly adopt a play-it-safe strategy in visually guided movements by relying relatively more on the use of online visual feedback compared to young adults. In addition, we will also study the neural mechanisms that are involved in this open- and closed-loop control, using non-invasive neurophysiological techniques like transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Finally, it is expected that physical activity will have a positive effect on the aging process and therefore these age-related differences in strategy should be less significant in active older adults.