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AVAILABLE Hickok, L. P. (1856). System of moral science (3rd ed.). Ivison & Phinney. https://doi.org/10.1037/12116-000 Science subjects all the facts it uses to a controlling law, and by this law binds all its facts into an orderly system. No elements, however abundant, can become a philosophy without their determining principle. Moral Science must conform to this condition, and moreover, must find its principle within the spiritual part of man's being. Nature, through all her successions, can reach no absolute rule, and can bind relatively only, according to her connections as found in experience. With such consequences, it is prudent to take such a direction; for the great revolving wheel will crush those who cross its course. Her highest appeal is to self-interest, and can never awaken the feeling of spiritual worthiness. But the spiritual is the supernatural; and nature must be for this, not this for nature. The moral law is above nature, not taken from nature. The virtuous man must say, "I am thus, and I live thus, because this only is worthy of my spiritual being"; not at all, "I stand here and do this, because otherwise the ongoings of nature would torment me." The following work has been prosecuted under the full conviction of such a twofold demand. Only expediency, and not morality can be, if the ultimate rule of life be taken from natural consequences, and not from spiritual imperatives; and with such spiritual rule there can not even then be science, and in this a system of morals, unless all the elements used are bound up in it. But while the steady design has been to attain and keep prominent the spiritual principle, and also to combine all the parts in this principle, there has been no anxiety to exhaust all the facts which belong to the field of morals, nor is there the pretension that even all the important facts have been here gathered and classified. A wide occasion still remains for extending the application and circumspection of the principle, though it is with great confidence assumed, that the principle here applied will be found adequate to determine every virtue, and to detect every vice, and to give to them their proper arrangement in a system of morals. The science is incomplete, not in its principles, but only in not collecting every fact. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

Ethics --- Ethics, Modern

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"This book discusses the following topics on the subject of rational psychology: subjective idea; objective law; intelligence; the groundwork of rational psychology; the process of rational psychology; and reason"--

Psychology.

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"It is the design, in the present work, to represent the human mind as it stands in the clear light of consciousness. We go to our own inward experience to find the facts, both of the single mental phenomena and of their connection with each other. An Empirical Philosophy is here alone attempted, and in which we can not proceed according to the order of a pure science. The necessary and universal Ideas, which must determine all mental activity in every capacity, in order that these capacities may become intelligible to us in their conditional laws of operation, are not now first assumed, and then carried forward to a completed system by a rigid a priori analysis and deduction in pure thought. Such a work has already been accomplished in a thoroughly Rational Psychology. The subjective Idea which must condition and expound all Intelligence has been attained, and then the objective Law which controls all the facts of an acting Intelligence has been determined to be in exact accordance. But in this work we wait upon experience altogether. We use no fact, and no combination of facts, except as they have already been attained in the common, consciousness of humanity. It is rather a description of the human mind than a philosophy of it; a psycography rather than a psychology; and should not assume for itself the prerogatives of an exact science".

Psychology.