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Philosophy of science --- anno 1900-1999 --- Science --- Sciences --- Philosophy. --- Philosophie --- Normal science --- Philosophy --- Science - Philosophy.
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Probability theory is a key tool of the physical, mathematical, and social sciences. It has also been playing an increasingly significant role in philosophy: in epistemology, philosophy of science, ethics, social philosophy, philosophy of religion, and elsewhere. This Handbook encapsulates and furthers the influence of philosophy on probability, and of probability on philosophy. Nearly forty articles summarize the state of play and present new insights in various areas of research at the intersection of these two fields. The volume begins with a primer on those parts of probability theory that we believe are most important for philosophers to know, and the rest is divided into seven main sections: history; formalism; alternatives to standard probability theory; interpretations and interpretive issues; probabilistic judgment and its applications; applications of probability: science; and applications of probability: philosophy.
Probabilities --- Probability --- Statistical inference --- Combinations --- Mathematics --- Chance --- Least squares --- Mathematical statistics --- Risk --- Philosophy --- E-books --- Mathematical logic --- Philosophy of science --- Probability theory
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"After its publication in 1967, The Foundations of Scientific Inference taught a generation of students and researchers about the problem of induction, the interpretation of probability, and confirmation theroy, Fifty years later, Wesley C. Salmon's book remains one of the clearest introductions to these fundamental problems in the philosophy of science. With this work, Salmon presented a coherent vision of the nature of scientific reasoning, explored the philosophical underpinnings of scientific investigation, and introduced readers to key movements in epistemology and to leading philosophers of the twentieth century, developing his own distinctive views on topics that are still of central importance today. This anniversary edition features an introduction by Christopher Hitchcock, which examines the book's origins, influences, and major themes, its impact and enduring effects, and the disputes it raised, and revisits Salmon's ideas for a new audience of philosophers, historians, scientists, and students."
Science --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Philosophy. --- 08.35 philosophy of science. --- Induction (Mathematics). --- Inference. --- Probabilities.
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Causation. --- Causalité --- Causalité --- Causation --- Causality --- Cause and effect --- Effect and cause --- Final cause --- Beginning --- God --- Metaphysics --- Philosophy --- Necessity (Philosophy) --- Teleology --- Philosophy of science --- Knowledge, Theory of. --- Théorie de la connaissance
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"Making a difference' presents fifteen original essays on causation and counterfactuals by an international team of experts. Collectively, they represent the state of the art on these topics. The essays in this volume are inspired by the life and work of Peter Menzies, who made a difference in the lives of students, colleagues, and friends. Topics covered include: the semantics of counterfactuals, agency theories of causation, the context-sensitivity of causal claims, structural equation models, mechanisms, mental causation, causal exclusion argument, free will, and the consequence argument."--Publisher's website.
Causation. --- Philosophy. --- Philosophy of science --- Metaphysics --- Menzies, Peter
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