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Logic --- 165 --- Chain of being (Philosophy) --- Modality (Logic) --- Modality (Theory of knowledge) --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Modal logic --- Nonclassical mathematical logic --- Bisimulation --- Great chain of being (Philosophy) --- Continuity --- Cosmology --- Creation --- Ontology --- Philosophy --- Kennisleer. Epistemologie --- 165 Kennisleer. Epistemologie --- Chain of being (Philosophy). --- Modality (Logic). --- Modality (Theory of knowledge).
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The word "modem" in the title of this book refers primarily to post-medieval discussions, but it also hints at those medieval mo dal theories which were considered modem in contradistinction to ancient conceptions and which in different ways influenced philosophical discussions during the early modem period. The me dieval developments are investigated in the opening paper, 'The Foundations of Modality and Conceivability in Descartes and His Predecessors', by Lilli Alanen and Simo Knuuttila. Boethius's works from the early sixth century belonged to the sources from which early medieval thinkers obtained their knowledge of ancient thought. They offered extensive discus sions of traditional modal conceptions the basic forms of which were: (1) the paradigm of possibility as a potency striving to realize itself; (2) the "statistical" interpretation of modal no tions where necessity means actuality in all relevant cases or omnitemporal actuality, possibility means actuality in some rel evant cases or sometimes, and impossibility means omnitemporal non-actuality; and (3) the "logical" definition of possibility as something which, being assumed, results in nothing contradic tory. Boethius accepted the Aristotelian view according to which total possibilities in the first sense must prove their met tle through actualization and possibilities in the third sense are assumed to be realized in our actual history. On these presump tions, all of the above-mentioned ancient paradigms imply the Principle of Plenitude according to which no genuine possibility remains unrealized.
Modality (Logic) --- -Modality (Theory of knowledge) --- -Knowledge, Theory of --- Modal logic --- Logic --- Nonclassical mathematical logic --- Bisimulation --- History --- -History --- Modaliteit [Logica]. Geschiedenis. --- Modalité [Philosophie]. Histoire. --- Modalité [Logique]. Histoire. --- Modaliteit [Filosofie]. Geschiedenis. --- Modality (Theory of knowledge) --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Philosophy (General) --- Philosophy, Modern
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The first part of the book covers the theories of the emotions of Plato and Aristotle and later ancient views from Stoicism to Neoplatonism (Ch. 1) and their reception and transformation by early Christian thinkers from Clement and Origen to Gregory of Nyssa, Cassian and Augustine (Ch. 2). The basic ancient alternatives were the compositional theories of Plato and Aristotle and their followers and the Stoic judgement theory. These were associated with different conceptions of philosophical therapy. Ancient theories were employed in early Christian discussions of sin, Christian love, mystical union, and other forms of spiritual experience. The most influential theological themes were the monastic idea of supernaturally caused feelings and Augustine's analysis of the relations between the emotions and the will. The first part of Ch. 3 deals with the twelfth‐century reception of ancient themes through monastic, theological, medical, and philosophical literature. The subject of the second part is the theory of emotions in Avicenna's faculty psychology, which, to a great extent, dominated the philosophical discussion of emotions in early thirteenth century. This approach was combined with Aristotelian ideas in later thirteenth century, particularly in Thomas Aquinas’ extensive taxonomical theory. The increasing interest in psychological voluntarism led many Franciscan authors to abandon the traditional view that emotions belong only to the lower psychosomatic level. John Duns Scotus, William Ockham and their followers argued that there are also emotions of the will. Chapter 4 is about these new issues introduced in early fourteenth‐century discussions, with some remarks on their influence on early modern thought
Philosophical anthropology --- Emotions (Philosophy) --- Philosophy, Ancient. --- Philosophy, Medieval. --- History. --- History --- Philosophy [Ancient ] --- Philosophy [Medieval ] --- Philosophy, Ancient --- Philosophy, Medieval --- Medieval philosophy --- Ancient philosophy --- Greek philosophy --- Philosophy, Greek --- Philosophy, Roman --- Roman philosophy --- Scholasticism --- Philosophy --- Émotions (philosophie) --- Philosophie médiévale --- Emotions (Philosophy) - History. --- Philosophie antique
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Filosofie [Middeleeuwse ] --- Medieval philosophy --- Middeleeuwse filosofie --- Philosophie médiévale --- Philosophy [Medieval ] --- Modality (Logic) --- -Philosophy, Medieval --- Modal logic --- History --- Philosophy, Medieval --- Scholasticism --- Logic --- Nonclassical mathematical logic --- Bisimulation --- Philosophy, Medieval. --- History. --- Modality (Logic) - History.
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Originally published in 1993, Modalities in Medieval Philosophy looks at the idea of modality as multiplicity of reference with respect to alternative domains. The book examines how this emerged in early medieval discussions and addresses how it was originally influenced by the theological conception of God acting by choice. After a discussion of ancient modal paradigms, the author traces the interplay of old and new modal views in medieval logic and semantics, philosophy and theology. A detailed account is given of late medieval discussions of the new modal logic, epistemic logic, and the logic norms. These theories show striking similarities to some basic tenets of contemporary approaches to modal matters. This work will be of considerable interest to historians of philosophy and ideas and philosophers of logic and metaphysics.
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Modalité (logique) --- Continu (philosophie) --- Modality (Logic) --- Modality (Theory of knowledge) --- Chain of being (Philosophy) --- Modalité (logique)
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Luther, Martin, --- Jesus Christ --- Jésus-Christ --- Religion --- History of doctrines --- Histoire des doctrines --- Jésus-Christ --- Religion.
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