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Research on historical processes such as commercialisation traditionally concentrated on the motors of change and measurement of their impact, and considered the labouring classes as the passive objects of such changes. Developments in the social sciences in recent years have stimulated a new reading of the historical sources in terms of the social relations and strategies of families in interpreting and adapting to their own use institutional settings and economic resources. The essays presented in this 1991 book explore the relationship between the historical experiences of social relations and the demands and opportunities offered by the economy in early modern Europe through a focus on the strategies of labouring families. Critical discussion of the historian's use of sources characterises the essays, which provide case-studies of social groups in north-central Italy and the French Alps. They relate to three specific themes: the exploitation of non-agricultural resources in the countryside, urban guilds and charitable provision.

History of Italy --- History of France --- anno 1500-1799 --- Work and family --- Guilds --- History. --- -Work and family --- -Families and work --- Family and work --- Families --- Dual-career families --- Work-life balance --- Craft guilds --- Gilds --- Labor organizations --- Merchant companies --- Workers' associations --- Artisans --- Employers' associations --- Labor unions --- History --- Societies, etc. --- -History --- Families and work --- Arts and Humanities --- Work and family - France - History. --- Work and family - Italy - History. --- Guilds - Italy - History.

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Nationalism is virtually impossible not to identify oneself with a nation-state, and yet nationalism is historically a modern phenomenon. This reader of classic texts draws on authors spanning a chronological period and from a variety of European countries - including John Stuart Mill and Otto Bauer - to explore the theme of nationalism in Europe. It provides texts long enough for the undergraduate student to study critically, and makes available the central building blocks for theoretical discussion.

Nationalism. --- Nationalism - Europe. --- Nationalism --- Political Science --- History --- Political science

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History of Italy --- anno 1700-1799 --- Enlightenment --- Siècle des lumières --- Italy --- Italie --- Intellectual life --- Vie intellectuelle --- Siècle des lumières