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Examines ʿAttar's didactic sufi poetry in historical context from a rhetorical, recipient-centred perspectiveProvides an accessible introduction to the didactic mode in Persian literature Uncovers a poetics of didacticism that was never systemtised in the rhetorical or philosophical traditionTraces the implications of the ‘medicinal metaphor’, in which speech is likened to medicineExplores literary allegory's relationship to visionary experienceInvestigates how didactic texts evoke oral discourse and how ʿAttar's frame-tale structures mediate between textuality and oralityMuch Persian sufi literature is explicitly didactic, aiming to instruct its readers and motivate pious reform. Moving beyond a recapitulation of religious content, The Poetics of Spiritual Instruction investigates the performative function of didactic poetry for mystical audiences, focusing in particular on the verse of Farid al-Din ʿAttar, a central figure of the tradition best known for long narrative poems imbued with edifying sufi themes. Through a series of sensitive and creative readings, O’Malley shows how ʿAttar uses frame-tales, metapoetic commentary, and allegories to think through his relationship with his readers, imagine and guide their reactions to his work, and perform his instructive authority. By teasing out this implicit, recipient-centred poetics, O’Malley recovers sufi didacticism’s participatory, interactive character and shows how the act of reading was invested with ritual significance as a spiritual exercise aimed at the purification of the soul.
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Fear of God --- Christianity --- Job --- ʻAṭṭār, Farīd al-Dīn, --- Criticism and interpretation.
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The Ocean of the Soul is one of the great works of the German Orientalist Hellmut Ritter (1892-1971). It presents a comprehensive analysis of the writings of the mystical Persian poet Farīd al-Dīn 'Aṭṭār who is thought to have died at an advanced age in April 1221 when the Mongols destroyed his home city of Nīshāpūr in the north-east of Iran. The book, which resulted from decades of investigation of literary and historical sources, was first published in 1955 and has since remained unsurpassed not only as the definitive study of 'Aṭṭār's world of ideas but as an indispensable guide to understanding pre-modern Islamic literature in general. Quoting at length from 'Aṭṭār and other Islamic sources, Ritter sketches an extraordinarily vivid portrait of the Islamic attitude toward life, characteristic developments in pious and ascetic circles, and, in conclusion, various dominant mystical currents of thought and feeling. Special attention is given to a wide range of views on love, love in all its manifestations, including homosexuality and the commonplace sūfī adoration of good-looking youths. Ritter's approach is throughout based onprecise philological interpretation of primary sources, several of which he has himself made available in critical editions.
'Attar, Farid al-Din, --- Criticism and interpretation. --- 'Aṭṭār, Farīd al-Dīn, --- Criticism and interpretation --- ʻAṭṭār, Farīd al-Dīn, --- 'Aṭṭār, Farīd al-Dīn, - d. ca. 1230 - Criticism and interpretation --- 'Aṭṭār, Farīd al-Dīn, - d. ca. 1230 --- Islamic ethics --- Sufism --- Weltbild
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Adopting an empirical and systematic approach, this interdisciplinary study of medieval Persian Sufi tradition and Attr (1145-1221) opens up a new space of comparison for reading and understanding medieval Persian and European literatures. The book invites us on an intellectual journey that reveals exciting intersections that redefine the hierarchies and terms of comparison.
Subjectivity in literature. --- Sufism --- Sufi literature, Persian --- Mysticism --- Mysticism in literature. --- Comparative literature. --- Comparative literature --- Literature, Comparative --- Philology --- Dark night of the soul --- Mystical theology --- Theology, Mystical --- Spiritual life --- Negative theology --- Persian Sufi literature --- Persian literature --- Sofism --- History and criticism. --- History and criticism --- Islam --- ʻAṭṭār, Farīd al-Dīn, --- ʻAṭṭār, --- ʻAṭṭār, Farīd al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm Nīshābūrī, --- Attar, Farid-ud-din, --- ʻAṭṭār, Ferīdu'd-dīn, --- ʻAṭṭār, Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm, --- ʻAṭṭār Nīshābūrī, Farīd al-Dīn, --- Attor, Farididdin, --- Attor, Fariduddini, --- Attori Nishopurī, Fariduddin, --- Farīd al-Dīn al-ʻAṭṭār al-Naysābūrī, --- Farīd al-Dīn ʻAṭṭār, --- Farid ud Din Attar, --- Farididdin Attor, --- Farīdu'd-Dīn ʻAṭṭār, --- Fariduddin 'Attar, --- Fariduddini Attor, --- Ferı̂düddin Attâr, --- Naysābūrī, Farīd al-Dīn al-ʻAṭṭār, --- Naysoburi, Farid al-Din al-Attar, --- Neyshaboori, Attar, --- Nīsābūrī, Abī Ḥāmid Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr Ibrāhīm al-shahīr bi-Farīd al-Dīn ʻAṭṭār, --- Nīshābūrī, Farīd al-Dīn ʻAṭṭār, --- Nīshābūrī, Farīd al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm ʻAṭṭār, --- شيخ فريدالدين محمد عطار نيشابورى, --- عطار نيشابورى، فريدالدين, --- عطار، فريد الدين, --- عطار، فريد الدين محمد بن ابراهيم نيشابورى, --- عطار، محمد بن ابراهيم, --- فريد الدين العطار النيسابوري, --- فريد الدين عطار, --- فريد الدين عطار نيشابورى, --- فريدالدين محمد عطار نيشابوري, --- نيشابورى، فريد الدين محمد بن ابراهيم عطار, --- Nishopurī, Shaĭkh Fariduddin Attori, --- Criticism and interpretation. --- عطار، فريد الدين محمد بن ابراهيم نيشابورى, --- نيشابورى، فريد الدين محمد بن ابراهيم عطار, --- Mysticism. --- Sufi literature, Persian. --- Sufism. --- ʻAṭṭār, Farīd al-Dīn, --- Europe. --- Iran.
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