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Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) are bacteria present in the human skin and mucosal microbiota in which they play a commensal role. Nevertheless, several events, such as surgical procedures, benefit S. epidermidis entry into the host organism and represent the starting point for their pathogenicity. Their ability to form biofilms on indwelling medical devices and to develop antibiotic resistance renders their eradication challenging and makes them responsible of most nosocomial infections. Ticagrelor, an antiplatelet drug targeting the platelet receptor P2Y12, has been shown to possess interesting antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. However, due to platelet inhibition, ticagrelor usage increases bleeding risk, which makes it unsuitable for routine antibiotic treatment. Polyurethane (PU), the most used polymer for medical devices manufacturing, shows propensity to facilitate bacterial adhesion, which is the first step of biofilm formation. There is therefore a need for developing polymers with antibacterial and anti-biofilm properties. Moreover, PU synthesis requires the use of toxic precursors (isocyanates), which highlights the need for a switch to safer alternatives, such as non-isocyanate PU (NIPU). In this work, we hypothesized that ticagrelor pyrimidine derivatives, labelled 2329, 2666, 2840 and 2460, devoid of antiplatelet activity, could exert an antibacterial activity against S. epidermidis similar to ticagrelor. We also wanted to know whether NIPUs (named PHOx and Net4) that showed proven biocompatibility, could show reduced bacterial adhesion as compared to conventional PU. Finally, we aimed to assess whether these NIPUs could be impregnated with ticagrelor derivatives, thereby exerting antibacterial activity.
The antibacterial activity of pyrimidine derivatives and ticagrelor was evaluated via the determination of minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC, respectively) against S. epidermidis. Their biocompatibility was assessed through a hemolysis assay, and a cytotoxicity assay in the presence of various eukaryotic cells. S. epidermidis adhesion on PHOx and Net4 polymers, as well as PU (medical grade), was analysed by microcalorimetry. These polymers were then impregnated with ticagrelor derivatives and tested for their antibacterial properties. All tests were performed using two laboratory strains of methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis (MRSE).
The results showed that 2329 and 2666 derivatives possessed overall interesting antibacterial activity. The molecules were not cytotoxic at MIC and they did not provoke hemolysis. Moreover, among the two NIPUs tested for bacterial adhesion, PHOx showed significantly reduced bacterial adhesion compared to control polymers. Unfortunately, molecules-impregnated polymers did not display antibacterial properties.

Nosocomial infection --- Bacteria --- Antibiotics --- Biofilms --- Biomaterials --- Sciences de la santé humaine > Multidisciplinaire, généralités & autres

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Promotes the dissemination of technical and scientific knowledge about the prevention and control of infections in health services , as well as epidemiological research that seeks to investigate the profile of the most prevalent diseases in the hospital environment, providing contributions to the health area.

healthcare related infections --- nosocomial infection --- infection control --- health services --- Communicable diseases --- Communicable Diseases. --- Prevention --- Infectious Diseases --- Communicable Disease --- Disease, Communicable --- Disease, Infectious --- Diseases, Communicable --- Diseases, Infectious --- Infectious Disease --- Disease Outbreaks --- Disease Transmission, Infectious --- Contagion and contagious diseases --- Contagious diseases --- Infectious diseases --- Microbial diseases in human beings --- Zymotic diseases --- Diseases --- Infection --- Epidemics --- Communicable diseases. --- Prevention. --- Biosecurity

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Cross Infection --- Nosocomial infections --- periodicals. --- prevention & control --- Periodicals --- Congresses --- Cross infection --- Cross Infection. --- Infection Control. --- Cross infection. --- Nosocomial infections. --- Hospitalismus --- Zeitschrift --- Prevention --- Prevention. --- Infection Control --- Hospital-acquired infections --- Hospital infections --- Health Care Associated Infection --- Health Care Associated Infections --- Healthcare Associated Infections --- Infection, Cross --- Infections, Hospital --- Infections, Nosocomial --- Hospital Infections --- Nosocomial Infections --- Associated Infection, Healthcare --- Associated Infections, Healthcare --- Cross Infections --- Healthcare Associated Infection --- Hospital Infection --- Infection, Healthcare Associated --- Infection, Hospital --- Infection, Nosocomial --- Infections, Cross --- Infections, Healthcare Associated --- Nosocomial Infection --- Periodikum --- Zeitschriften --- Infektiöser Hospitalismus --- Krankenhausinfektion --- Nosokomiale Infektion --- Control, Infection --- Infection --- Iatrogenic diseases --- Staphylococcal Infections --- Community-Acquired Infections --- Catheter-Related Infections --- Presse --- Fortlaufendes Sammelwerk --- Krankenhaushygiene --- Communicable Disease Control --- Infections --- Infektiöser Hospitalismus

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Al te vaak lopen patiënten een infectie op in het ziekenhuis. Het probleem is inderdaad groot. Bovendien berichten de media hierover geregeld ongenuanceerd en zelfs onjuist. Terwijl de zorgsector zichzelf almaar strengere normen oplegt.Dit boek biedt een antwoord op vele problemen. Het is ontstaan uit zijn jarenlange praktijkervaring in ziekenhuisinfectiebeheersing en de talrijke vragen van gezondheidsinspectie, patiënten en hun familie, gezondheidswerkers, ziekenhuizen, Een tiental specialisten hebben de tekst becommentarieerd.Het eerste deel is toelichting bij belangrijke begrippen, van Ao-waarde tot zwangere vrouwen. Daarna volgt een overzicht van voorzorgsmaatregelen bij infecties. Een derde deel somt de klinische syndromen of symptomen op waarbij best voorzorgsmaatregelen worden genomen tot de diagnose is gesteld.Het boek is bedoeld voor medici en paramedici die te maken hebben met de zorg voor hygiëne in ziekenhuizen, woon- en zorgcentra, bij de thuiszorg, in de eerstelijnsgezondheid,Uit de inhoud:Alfabetische vraagbaak - Alfabetisch overzicht m.b.t. aard en duur van voorzorgsmaatregelen voor geselecteerde infecties en condities - Klinische syndromen of symptomen waarbij empirisch voorzorgsmaatregelen genomen worden tot de diagnose bekend is - Bibliografie en trefwoordenregister. Over de auteur(s):Guido Demaiter studeerde Ziekenhuisverpleegkunde aan de KATHO in Kortrijk en Medisch-sociale wetenschappen en ziekenhuisbeleid, optie beleid en opleiding van de verpleegkunde, aan de KU Leuven. Daarnaast volgde hij de academische initiële lerarenopleiding. Hij is ziekenhuishygiënist in het Kortrijkse fusieziekenhuis AZ Groeninge.

verpleegkunde --- Hygiene. Public health. Protection --- gezondheidszorg --- ziekenhuishygiëne --- Hospitals --- Sanitation --- Cross Infection. --- Housekeeping, Hospital. --- Infection Control --- ontsmettingsmethoden --- sterilisatie --- ziekenhuisinfecties --- 613.49 --- 614.4 --- 614.44 --- Hygiëne --- Ziekenhuishygiëne (beroepshygiëne (ziekenhuis)) --- Ziekenhuishygiëne --- 614.51 --- handhygiëne --- sterilisatie van materialen --- ziekenhuisinfecties (kruisinfectie) --- 604.84 --- beroepshygiëne --- Hospital Housekeeping --- Hospital Housekeepings --- Housekeepings, Hospital --- Health Care Associated Infection --- Health Care Associated Infections --- Healthcare Associated Infections --- Infection, Cross --- Infections, Hospital --- Infections, Nosocomial --- Hospital Infections --- Nosocomial Infections --- Cross Infections --- Healthcare Associated Infection --- Hospital Infection --- Infection, Healthcare Associated --- Infection, Hospital --- Infection, Nosocomial --- Infections, Cross --- Infections, Healthcare Associated --- Nosocomial Infection --- Staphylococcal Infections --- Community-Acquired Infections --- Catheter-Related Infections --- methods. --- Overige onderwerpen --- (zie ook: centrale sterilisatie) --- Cross Infection --- Provincie West-Vlaanderen --- Housekeeping, Hospital --- methods --- besmettelijke ziekten --- infectie --- infectiebestrijding --- zorgverlening --- hygiëne

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New approaches to deal with the growing concern associated with antibiotic-resistant bacteria are in great demand. For many years, antibiotics have widely been employed to treat infections. However, their excessive consumption and misuse have accelerated the rise of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, which constitute a major challenge to global health. The antibiotic crisis is now a general concern; therefore, alternative biomolecules or drug delivery systems to treat infections are urgently needed. From natural extracts to traditional medicine remedies, to newly engineered nanocapsules and nanoparticles, to bio-based, biodegradable delivery platforms, many systems to fight infections are explored in this book.

Research & information: general --- Chemistry --- nanoparticles --- 4-Nerolidylcatechol --- antifungals --- Microsporum canis --- polycaprolactone --- nanoprecipitation --- silver nanoparticles --- green synthesis method --- Catharanthus roseus --- Azadirachta indica --- multidrug-resistant bacteria --- wound healing --- nosocomial infection --- plant extract --- grapefruit seed extract --- antibacterial activity --- fiber-hydrogel composite --- biodegradable polymers --- skin regeneration --- drug delivery platforms --- controlled release --- tetramycin --- antimicrobial activity --- kiwifruit disease --- conventional antibiotics --- storage quality --- gold nanoparticles --- flavonoids --- Gram-negative bacteria --- DNA gyrase --- in silico --- multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) --- hypertonic saline --- antibiotics --- biofilm --- aerosol delivery --- ultrahigh-throughput screening --- live biosensors --- antibiotic discovery --- gram-negative pathogens --- microfluidic droplet cocultivation --- efficient promoters --- polymyxins --- colistin biosynthetic gene cluster --- single cell --- multi-omics --- quercetin --- magnesium-doped calcium silicate --- osteogenic activity --- bone regeneration and nanofiber scaffold --- bulk-tank milk --- mastitis --- methicillin --- milk --- goat --- somatic cell counts --- staphylococcus --- tetracycline --- total bacterial counts --- prosthetic joint infection --- local prevention --- allicin --- chitosan --- Sphaerotheca sp. --- antibiotic --- Rosa roxburghii --- cyclic diphenylphosphonate --- quinoline --- DNA gyrase inhibitor --- molecular docking --- magnesium ion --- nanoparticles --- 4-Nerolidylcatechol --- antifungals --- Microsporum canis --- polycaprolactone --- nanoprecipitation --- silver nanoparticles --- green synthesis method --- Catharanthus roseus --- Azadirachta indica --- multidrug-resistant bacteria --- wound healing --- nosocomial infection --- plant extract --- grapefruit seed extract --- antibacterial activity --- fiber-hydrogel composite --- biodegradable polymers --- skin regeneration --- drug delivery platforms --- controlled release --- tetramycin --- antimicrobial activity --- kiwifruit disease --- conventional antibiotics --- storage quality --- gold nanoparticles --- flavonoids --- Gram-negative bacteria --- DNA gyrase --- in silico --- multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) --- hypertonic saline --- antibiotics --- biofilm --- aerosol delivery --- ultrahigh-throughput screening --- live biosensors --- antibiotic discovery --- gram-negative pathogens --- microfluidic droplet cocultivation --- efficient promoters --- polymyxins --- colistin biosynthetic gene cluster --- single cell --- multi-omics --- quercetin --- magnesium-doped calcium silicate --- osteogenic activity --- bone regeneration and nanofiber scaffold --- bulk-tank milk --- mastitis --- methicillin --- milk --- goat --- somatic cell counts --- staphylococcus --- tetracycline --- total bacterial counts --- prosthetic joint infection --- local prevention --- allicin --- chitosan --- Sphaerotheca sp. --- antibiotic --- Rosa roxburghii --- cyclic diphenylphosphonate --- quinoline --- DNA gyrase inhibitor --- molecular docking --- magnesium ion