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In this fourth installment of the long Homily 71, On the Six Days of Creation, Jacob treats of the events of the fourth day, the creation of the spheres of light over the earth: the sun to rule over the day, and the moon and the stars to rule over the night.

Creation --- Sermons, Syriac --- 11.53 Eastern Churches. --- 18.70 Semitic languages and/or literature. --- Creation. --- Sermons, Syriac. --- Creation - Sermons --- Sermons, Syriac - Translations into English

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If art mirrors identity, this is particularly the case in the Christian Middle East. At first glance, the imposed minority position of the various communities and inherent feelings of peril are the driving forces behind the development of distinct artistic idioms, but on closer inspection this bias does not entirely do justice to the achievements of past generations. Churches would never have been erected and embellished without the zealous support of individuals and groups who had the means to realize such projects. This two-partite study deals with them and the tangible results of their efforts.

11.53 Eastern Churches. --- Art, Early Christian --- Art, Early Christian. --- Christian art and symbolism --- Medieval. --- Themes, motives --- Themes, motives. --- 500-1500. --- Middle East. --- Academic collection --- Christians --- Islamic countries --- History --- Coptic Church --- Egypt --- Christian art and symbolism - Middle East - Themes, motives --- Christian art and symbolism - Medieval, 500-1500 --- Art, Early Christian - Middle East

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11.53 Eastern Churches. --- Bulgarian literature --- Bulgarian literature. --- Christian hagiography --- Christian hagiography. --- Christian martyrs --- Christian martyrs. --- Christian saints --- Christian saints. --- Hagiographie chrétienne --- International relations. --- Kloosters. --- Littérature bulgare --- Martelaren. --- Martyrs chrétiens --- Orthodoxe kerken. --- History and criticism --- History. --- Histoire. --- Histoire et critique --- Bŭlgarska pravoslavna t͡sŭrkva --- Bŭlgarska pravoslavna t͡sŭrkva. --- 1288-1918. --- Athos (Greece) --- Bulgaria --- Bulgaria. --- Empire ottoman --- Greece --- Turkey --- Turkey. --- Relations --- Relations --- Histoire. --- History

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Christian saints --- Coptic Christian saints --- Christian hagiography --- Inscriptions, Byzantine --- Inscriptions, Coptic --- Manuscripts, Greek (Papyri) --- Manuscripts, Coptic (Papyri) --- Saints chrétiens --- Saints coptes --- Hagiographie chrétienne --- Inscriptions byzantines --- Inscriptions coptes --- Papyrus grecs --- Papyrus coptes --- Cult --- History --- History of doctrines --- Sources --- Culte --- Histoire --- Histoire des doctrines --- Coptic manuscripts (Papyri) --- Coptic inscriptions --- Saints chrétiens --- Hagiographie chrétienne --- 11.53 Eastern Churches. --- Christian hagiography. --- Coptic inscriptions. --- Coptic manuscripts (Papyri). --- Griechisch. --- Heiligenverehrung. --- Heiligenverering. --- Inschrift. --- Inscripties. --- Inscriptions, Byzantine. --- Koptisch. --- Koptische Kirche. --- Manuscripts, Greek (Papyri). --- Papyri. --- Papyrus coptes. --- Papyrus grecs. --- Papyrus. --- History. --- Cult. --- Histoire. --- 30-1500. --- Geschichte 400-800. --- Egypt. --- Ägypten.

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In Ephraem der Syrer und Basilios der Große, Justinian und Edessa untersucht Nestor Kavvadas die syrische Vita des Heiligen Ephraem, die in Edessa zum Höhepunkt des Konflikts zwischen der syrischen miaphysitischen Bewegung und der pro-chalkedonischen Kirchenpolitik Justinians komponiert wurde, und vergleicht sie mit einigen früheren griechisch-kappadokischen Hagiographien um Ephraem und Basilios von Caesarea, der in Ephraems Vita gleichsam als dessen Patron erscheint. Der Autor zeigt, dass während diese griechischen Hagiographien dazu bestimmt waren, Ephraem als Vater der chalkedonischen, byzantinischen orthodoxen Kirche zu reklamieren, die edessenische Ephraemvita Teil eines Versuchs der syrischen miaphysitischen Bewegung war, Exklusivrecht auf Ephraem sowie Basilios, und damit auf das Erbe der Kirchenväter, zu beanspruchen. Dann stellt der Autor heraus, wie die Ephraemvita, einmal „entschlüsselt“, ihr historisches Umfeld in ein neues Licht stellen kann. In Ephrem der Syrer und Basilios der Große, Justinian und Edessa , Nestor Kavvadas examines the Syriac “Life” of Saint Ephrem, composed in Edessa at the time when the Syriac Miaphysite movement was opposing Justinian’s pro-Chalcedonian politics, and compares it with several earlier Greek Cappadocian hagiographies about Ephrem and Basil of Caesarea, who is presented almost as Ephrem’s patron in the latter’s “Life”. The author shows that while the Greek hagiographies were meant to (re)claim Ephrem as a Father of the (Chalcedonian) Byzantine Orthodox Church, Ephrem’s Syriac “Life” was part of an attempt by the Syriac Miaphysite movement to claim exclusive rights on both Ephrem and Basil as representatives of the entire legacy of the Church Fathers. Then, the author points out how the “Life”, once de-coded, can in turn shed light on its historical setting.

Christian literature, Syriac --- Monophysites --- 276 =923 EPHRAEM SYRUS --- 276 =75 BASILIUS SELEUCIENSIS --- 276 =75 BASILIUS SELEUCIENSIS Griekse patrologie--BASILIUS SELEUCIENSIS --- 276 =75 BASILIUS SELEUCIENSIS Patrologie grecque--BASILIUS SELEUCIENSIS --- Griekse patrologie--BASILIUS SELEUCIENSIS --- Patrologie grecque--BASILIUS SELEUCIENSIS --- 276 =923 EPHRAEM SYRUS Patrologie syrienne--EPHRAEM SYRUS --- 276 =923 EPHRAEM SYRUS Syrische patrologie--EPHRAEM SYRUS --- Patrologie syrienne--EPHRAEM SYRUS --- Syrische patrologie--EPHRAEM SYRUS --- Christian heresies --- Oriental Orthodox churches --- Syriac Christian literature --- Syriac literature --- History and criticism --- History --- Ephraem, --- Basil, --- Justinian --- Jesus Christ --- Christ --- Cristo --- Jezus Chrystus --- Jesus Cristo --- Jesus, --- Jezus --- Christ, Jesus --- Yeh-su --- Masīḥ --- Khristos --- Gesù --- Christo --- Yeshua --- Chrystus --- Gesú Cristo --- Ježíš --- Isa, --- Nabi Isa --- Isa Al-Masih --- Al-Masih, Isa --- Masih, Isa Al --- -Jesus, --- Jesucristo --- Yesu --- Yeh-su Chi-tu --- Iēsous --- Iēsous Christos --- Iēsous, --- Kʻristos --- Hisus Kʻristos --- Christos --- Jesuo --- Yeshuʻa ben Yosef --- Yeshua ben Yoseph --- Iisus --- Iisus Khristos --- Jeschua ben Joseph --- Ieso Kriʻste --- Yesus --- Kristus --- ישו --- ישו הנוצרי --- ישו הנצרי --- ישוע --- ישוע בן יוסף --- المسيح --- مسيح --- يسوع المسيح --- 耶稣 --- 耶稣基督 --- 예수그리스도 --- Jíizis --- Yéshoua --- Iėsu̇s --- Khrist Iėsu̇s --- عيسىٰ --- Justinien, --- Justinian, --- Justinianus, Flavius Anicius Julianus, --- Justinianus --- Giustiniano, --- Iustinianus, Flavius Petrus Sabbatius, --- I︠U︡stinian, --- I︠U︡stinian, Flaviĭ, --- Barsegh, --- Basile, --- Basileios, --- Basili, --- Basilio, --- Basilius Caesariensis, --- Basilius Cesariensis, --- Basilius, --- Bāsīliyūs, --- Bazyli, --- Magnus Basilius, --- Qiddīs Bāsīliyūs al-Kabīr, --- Vasile, --- Vasileios, --- Vasiliĭ, --- Vasilije, --- Vasyliĭ, --- Afrām, --- Afrem, --- Aphrem, --- Aprem, Mar, --- Effrem, --- Efrem, --- Ephraem Syrus, --- Ephraim, --- Ephrem, --- Éphrem, --- Epʻrem, --- Epʻrem Khori, --- Epʻrem Khuri, --- Ifram, --- Ifrām, --- Афрем, --- Ефрем, --- افرام، --- Natures --- History of doctrines --- Council of Chalcedon --- Council of Chalcedon. --- Chalcedon, Council of, --- Concilio di Calcedonia --- Konzil von Chalkedon --- Concilium Chalcedonense --- Syriac life of Ephrem. --- Şanlıurfa (Turkey) --- Riha (Turkey) --- Ruha (Turkey) --- Orfa (Turkey) --- Orhāy (Turkey) --- Uṛhay (Turkey) --- al-Ruhā (Turkey) --- Urfah (Turkey) --- אורפה (טורקיה) --- Urfa (Turkey) --- Church history. --- 11.53 Eastern Churches. --- 18.70 Semitic languages and/or literature. --- Christian literature, Syriac. --- Heiligenvita. --- Hypostatische Union. --- Kirchenpolitik. --- Konflikt. --- Kontroverse. --- Monophysites. --- Rechtgläubigkeit. --- History and criticism. --- Jesus Christ. --- 30-600. --- Byzantinisches Reich. --- Edessa. --- Turkey --- Şanlıurfa (Turkey) --- Person and offices --- ‏عيسىٰ‏ --- Юстиниан, --- Юстиниан, Флавий, --- Person and offices. --- History. --- Ephraem Syrus --- Basilius ep. Caesareae --- Ephraem, - Syrus, Saint, - 303-373 --- Basil, - Saint, Bishop of Caesarea, - approximately 329-379 --- Justinian - I, - Emperor of the East, - 483?-565 --- Jesus Christ - Person and offices --- Pseudo-Basil