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By addressing the enigma of the exceptional success of Hungarian emigrant scientists and telling their life stories, Brilliance in Exile combines scholarly analysis with fascinating portrayals of uncommon personalities. István and Balazs Hargittai discuss the conditions that led to five different waves of emigration of scientists from the early twentieth century to the present. Although these exodes were driven by a broad variety of personal motivations, the attraction of an open society with inclusiveness, tolerance, and – needless to say – better circumstances for working and living, was the chief force drawing them abroad. While emigration from East to West is a general phenomenon, this book explains why and how the emigration of Hungarian scientists is distinctive. The high number of Nobel Prizes among this group is only one indicator. Multicultural tolerance, a quickly emerging, considerably Jewish, urban middle class, and a very effective secondary school system were positive legacies of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. Multiple generations, shaped by these conditions, suffered from the increasingly exclusionist, intolerant, antisemitic, and economically stagnating environment, and chose to go elsewhere. “I would rather have roots than wings, but if I cannot have roots, I shall use wings," explained Leo Szilard, one of the fathers of the Atom Bomb.
Expatriate scientists --- Hungarian diaspora. --- Hungarians --- Scientists --- Migrations --- History. --- 20th-Century politics. --- Emigration. --- Famous scientists. --- Science history.
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The Guise of Exceptionalism compares the historical origins of Haitian and American exceptionalisms. It also traces how exceptionalism as a narrative of uniqueness has shaped relations between the two countries from their early days of independence through the contemporary period. As a social invention, it changes over time, but always within the parameters of its original principles.
Exceptionalism --- History. --- Haitian, exceptionalisms, American, independence, injurious stains, race, gender, class, social invention, ethnicity, infrastructural power, American Exceptionalism, Haiti’s Exceptionalism, American Occupation of Haiti, Dictatorship, Democratization, Imperial Exceptionalism, 20th Century, Politics, racial, Caribbean, american occupation, imperialism, national founding narrative, Haitian Studies.
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In 1959, Virginia's Prince Edward County closed its public schools rather than obey a court order to desegregate. For five years, black children were left to fend for themselves while the courts decided if the county could continue to deny its citizens public education. Investigating this remarkable and nearly forgotten story of local, state, and federal political confrontation, Christopher Bonastia recounts the test of wills that pitted resolute African Americans against equally steadfast white segregationists in a battle over the future of public education in America. Beginning in 1951 when black high school students protested unequal facilities and continuing through the return of whites to public schools in the 1970s and 1980s, Bonastia describes the struggle over education during the civil rights era and the human suffering that came with it, as well as the inspiring determination of black residents to see justice served. Artfully exploring the lessons of the Prince Edward saga, Southern Stalemate unearths new insights about the evolution of modern conservatism and the politics of race in America.
School integration --- Educational equalization --- Public schools --- Civil rights movements --- Prince Edward County (Va.) --- Race relations. --- public education, learning, virginia, sociology, social studies, court order, desegregation, racism, race, united states of america, american history, 20th century, politics, political confrontation, integration, high school, equality, equal rights, equity, civil liberties, humanity, human suffering, justice, conservatism, prince edward county, resistance, white supremacy, federal government, justifications, activism.
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Jewish Identities mounts a formidable challenge to prevailing essentialist assumptions about "Jewish music," which maintain that ethnic groups, nations, or religious communities possess an essence that must manifest itself in art created by members of that group. Klára Móricz scrutinizes concepts of Jewish identity and reorders ideas about twentieth-century "Jewish music" in three case studies: first, Russian Jewish composers of the first two decades of the twentieth century; second, the Swiss American Ernest Bloch; and third, Arnold Schoenberg. Examining these composers in the context of emerging Jewish nationalism, widespread racial theories, and utopian tendencies in modernist art and twentieth-century politics, Móricz describes a trajectory from paradigmatic nationalist techniques, through assumptions about the unintended presence of racial essences, to an abstract notion of Judaism.
Jews --- Music --- Nationalism in music. --- Nationalism and music --- National music --- History and criticism. --- History and criticism --- Bloch, Ernest --- Schoenberg, Arnold, --- Shenberg, Arnolʹd, --- Schönberg, Arnold, --- Schenberg, A. --- Shenberg, A. --- שנברג, ארנולד --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Bloch, Ernest, --- Bloch, Ernst, --- Schönberg, Arnold --- 20th century politics. --- case studies. --- classical music. --- essentialist assumptions. --- ethnic groups. --- formidable challenge. --- jewish identities. --- jewish identity. --- jewish music. --- jewish nationalism. --- modernist art. --- paradigmatic nationalist. --- racial theories. --- religious communities. --- russian jewish composer. --- swiss american. --- utopian tendencies.
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D.N. Rodowick offers a critical analysis of the development of film theory since 1968. He shows how debates concerning the literary principles of modernism--semiotics, structuralism, psychoanalysis, Marxism, and feminism--have transformed our understanding of cinematic meaning. Rodowick explores the literary paradigms established in France during the late 1960s and traces their influence on the work of diverse filmmaker/theorists including Jean-Luc Godard, Peter Gidal, Laura Mulvey, and Peter Wollen. By exploring the "new French feminisms" of Irigaray and Kristeva, he investigates the relation of political modernism to psychoanalysis and theories of sexual difference. In a new introduction written especially for this edition, Rodowick considers the continuing legacy of this theoretical tradition in relation to the emergence of cultural studies approaches to film.
Film criticism. --- 1970s film theory. --- 20th century film. --- 20th century filmmakers. --- 20th century politics. --- cinema history. --- european films. --- european history. --- feminism. --- film and feminism. --- film and politics. --- film and television. --- film critics. --- film history. --- film symbolism. --- film theory. --- french films. --- gender and film. --- gender studies. --- history of filmmaking. --- history of france. --- jean-luc godard. --- laura mulvey. --- marxism. --- movie theory. --- peter gidal. --- peter wollen. --- postwar entertainment. --- psychoanalysis. --- semiotics. --- structuralism. --- womens studies.
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In Haj to Utopia, Maia Ramnath tells the dramatic story of Ghadar, the Indian anticolonial movement that attempted overthrow of the British Empire. Founded by South Asian immigrants in California, Ghadar-which is translated as "mutiny"-quickly became a global presence in East Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and East Africa. Ramnath brings this epic struggle to life as she traces Ghadar's origins to the Swadeshi Movement in Bengal, its establishment of headquarters in Berkeley, California, and its fostering by anarchists in London, Paris, and Berlin. Linking Britain's declaration of war on Germany in 1914 to Ghadar's declaration of war on Britain, Ramnath vividly recounts how 8,000 rebels were deployed from around the world to take up the battle in Hindustan. Haj to Utopia demonstrates how far-flung freedom fighters managed to articulate a radical new world order out of seemingly contradictory ideas.
Nationalism --- Social movements --- Political activists --- Social reformers --- Revolutionaries --- World politics --- History --- Hindustan Gadar Party --- India --- Politics and government --- Autonomy and independence movements. --- 20th century europe. --- 20th century india. --- 20th century politics. --- asian diaspora. --- british empire and india. --- british history. --- british rule. --- california history. --- california immigration. --- european history. --- german empire. --- global radicalism. --- government and governing. --- history of india. --- imperial history. --- imperialism and nationalism. --- indian colonialism. --- indian history. --- indians and california. --- political radicalism. --- politics. --- radical political thought. --- radical thought. --- south asian immigrants. --- us history. --- west coast.
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Revealing and frank, this highly engaging biography tells the story of an American original, California's Big Daddy, Jesse Unruh (1922-1987), a charismatic man whose power reached far beyond the offices he held. Unruh, who was born into Texas sharecropper poverty, became a larger-than-life figure and a principal architect and builder of modern California-first as an assemblyman, then as assembly speaker, and finally, as state treasurer. He was also a great character: a combination of intelligence, wit, idealism, cynicism, woman-chasing vulgarity, charm, drunken excess, and political skill all wrapped up in one big package. He dominated the California capitol and extended his influence to Washington and Wall Street. He was close to Lyndon Johnson and the Kennedys, but closest to Robert Kennedy, and was in the Ambassador Hotel kitchen when Kennedy was shot. Bill Boyarsky gives a close-up look at this extraordinary political leader, a man who believed that politics was the art of the possible, and his era.
Center parties --- Legislators --- Politicians --- Statesmen --- Lawmakers --- Legislatures, Members of --- Members of legislatures --- Members of parliaments --- Parliaments, Members of --- Centrists --- Christian democracy --- Political parties --- Unruh, Jesse, --- Unruh, Jesse Marvin, --- Big Daddy, --- Influence. --- California. --- C.S.A. --- California State Assembly --- CSA --- Speakers --- United States --- California --- Alta California (Province) --- CA --- Cal. --- Cali. --- Calif. --- Californias (Province) --- CF --- Chia-chou --- Departamento de Californias --- Kʻaellipʻonia --- Kʻaellipʻonia-ju --- Kʻaellipʻoniaju --- Kalifornii --- Kalifornii︠a︡ --- Kalifornija --- Ḳalifornyah --- Ḳalifornye --- Kālīfūrniyā --- Kaliphornia --- Karapōnia --- Kariforunia --- Kariforunia-shū --- Medinat Ḳalifornyah --- Politeia tēs Kaliphornias --- Provincia de Californias --- Shtat Kalifornii︠a︡ --- State of California --- Upper California --- Πολιτεία της Καλιφόρνιας --- Καλιφόρνια --- Штат Каліфорнія --- Калифорния --- Калифорнија --- Калифорнии --- Каліфорнія --- קאליפארניע --- קליפורניה --- מדינת קליפורניה --- كاليفورنيا --- カリフォルニア --- カリフォルニア州 --- 캘리포니아 --- 캘리포니아 주 --- 캘리포니아주 --- Social conditions --- Politics and government --- 1960s. --- 1970s. --- 20th century politics. --- ambassador hotel. --- ambition. --- american dream. --- assassination. --- assembly speaker. --- assemblyman. --- biography. --- california capitol. --- california politics. --- california. --- dc. --- history. --- jesse unruh. --- kennedy. --- lyndon johnson. --- nonfiction. --- political biography. --- political. --- politician. --- politics. --- rebut kennedy. --- sharecropping. --- state politics. --- state treasurer. --- success. --- texas.
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First edition, Winner of the Arthur J. Viseltear Prize, American Public Health Association With an emphasis on the American West, Eugenic Nation explores the long and unsettled history of eugenics in the United States. This expanded second edition includes shocking details demonstrating that eugenics continues to inform institutional and reproductive injustice. Alexandra Minna Stern draws on recently uncovered historical records to reveal patterns of racial bias in California's sterilization program and documents compelling individual experiences. With the addition of radically new and relevant research, this edition connects the eugenic past to the genomic present with attention to the ethical and social implications of emerging genetic technologies.
Eugenics --- Sterilization, Involuntary --- Vulnerable Populations --- Human Rights Abuses --- History, 20th Century --- Persons --- History --- History, Modern 1601 --- -Sterilization, Reproductive --- Social Problems --- Sociology --- Urogenital Surgical Procedures --- Humanities --- Social Sciences --- Surgical Procedures, Operative --- Ghost Surgery --- Operative Procedures --- Operative Surgical Procedure --- Operative Surgical Procedures --- Procedure, Operative Surgical --- Procedures, Operative Surgical --- Surgery, Ghost --- Surgical Procedure, Operative --- Surgical Procedures --- Operative Procedure --- Procedure, Operative --- Procedure, Surgical --- Procedures, Operative --- Procedures, Surgical --- Surgical Procedure --- General Surgery --- Science, Social --- Sciences, Social --- Social Science --- Procedure, Urogenital Surgical --- Procedures, Urogenital Surgical --- Surgical Procedure, Urogenital --- Surgical Procedures, Urogenital --- Urogenital Surgical Procedure --- General Social Development and Population --- Labor Exploitation --- Social Exploitation --- Exploitation, Labor --- Exploitation, Social --- Exploitations, Labor --- Problem, Social --- Problems, Social --- Social Problem --- Female Sterilization --- Female Sterilization, Voluntary --- Male Sterilization --- Male Sterilization, Voluntary --- Reproductive Sterilization --- Voluntary Sterilization --- Female Sterilizations --- Female Sterilizations, Voluntary --- Male Sterilizations --- Male Sterilizations, Voluntary --- Reproductive Sterilizations --- Sterilization, Female --- Sterilization, Male --- Sterilization, Voluntary --- Sterilizations, Female --- Sterilizations, Male --- Sterilizations, Reproductive --- Sterilizations, Voluntary --- Voluntary Female Sterilization --- Voluntary Female Sterilizations --- Voluntary Male Sterilization --- Voluntary Male Sterilizations --- Voluntary Sterilizations --- Population Control --- History of Medicine, Modern --- Medicine, Modern --- Modern History (Medicine) --- Modern Medicine --- History, Modern --- Modern History --- 1601- History, Modern --- History, Modern (Medicine) --- Modern 1601- History --- Aspects, Historical --- Historical Aspects --- Aspect, Historical --- Historical Aspect --- Histories --- Person --- 20th Cent. History (Medicine) --- 20th Cent. History of Medicine --- 20th Cent. Medicine --- Historical Events, 20th Century --- History of Medicine, 20th Cent. --- History, Twentieth Century --- Medical History, 20th Cent. --- Medicine, 20th Cent. --- 20th Century History --- 20th Cent. Histories (Medicine) --- 20th Century Histories --- Cent. Histories, 20th (Medicine) --- Cent. History, 20th (Medicine) --- Century Histories, 20th --- Century Histories, Twentieth --- Century History, 20th --- Century History, Twentieth --- Histories, 20th Cent. (Medicine) --- Histories, 20th Century --- Histories, Twentieth Century --- History, 20th Cent. (Medicine) --- Twentieth Century Histories --- Twentieth Century History --- Negative Eugenics --- Positive Eugenics --- Eugenics, Negative --- Eugenics, Positive --- Selective Breeding --- Genetic Counseling --- Genetics, Medical --- Abuse, Human Rights --- Human Rights Abuse --- Rights Abuse, Human --- Rights Abuses, Human --- Human Rights --- Torture --- War Crimes --- Disadvantaged --- Patients, Underserved --- Populations, Underserved --- Sensitive Population Groups --- Sensitive Populations --- Group, Sensitive Population --- Groups, Sensitive Population --- Patient, Underserved --- Population Group, Sensitive --- Population Groups, Sensitive --- Population, Sensitive --- Population, Underserved --- Population, Vulnerable --- Populations, Sensitive --- Populations, Vulnerable --- Sensitive Population --- Sensitive Population Group --- Underserved Patient --- Underserved Patients --- Underserved Population --- Underserved Populations --- Vulnerable Population --- Compulsory Sterilization --- Forced Sterilization --- Involuntary Sterilization --- Compulsory Sterilizations --- Forced Sterilizations --- Involuntary Sterilizations --- Sterilization, Compulsory --- Sterilization, Forced --- Sterilizations, Compulsory --- Sterilizations, Forced --- Sterilizations, Involuntary --- Homiculture --- Race improvement --- Euthenics --- Heredity --- Involuntary sterilization --- Disadvantaged Populations --- Disadvantaged Population --- Population, Disadvantaged --- Social Vulnerability --- Eugenics. --- History. --- 20th century politics. --- academia. --- academic. --- american history. --- american political history. --- bioethics. --- california asylums. --- california history. --- california political history. --- california womens prisons. --- eugenicists. --- eugenics in the 21st century. --- eugenics. --- forced sterilization. --- gender and sexuality. --- genetic technologies. --- historians. --- history. --- human rights. --- inmate sterilization. --- mental institutions. --- mexican american women. --- political history. --- politics. --- public health. --- race. --- reproductive harm. --- reproductive justice. --- us mexico relations.
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