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Biomass has received significant attention as a sustainable feedstock that can replace diminishing fossil fuels in the production of value-added chemicals and energy. Many new catalytic technologies have been developed for the conversion of biomass feedstocks into valuable biofuels and bioproducts. However, many of these still suffer from several disadvantages, such as weak catalytic performance, harsh reaction conditions, a high processing cost, and questionable sustainability, which limit their further applicability/development in the immediate future. In this context, the esterification of carboxylic acids represents a very valuable solution to these problems, requiring mild reaction conditions and being advantageously integrable with many existing processes of biomass conversion. An emblematic example is the acid-catalyzed hydrothermal route for levulinic acid production, already upgraded to that of higher value alkyl levulinates, obtained by esterification or directly by biomass alcoholysis. Many other chemical processes benefit from esterification, such as the synthesis of biodiesel, which includes monoalkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids prepared from renewable vegetable oils and animal fats, or that of cellulose esters, mainly acetates, for textile uses. Even pyrolysis bio-oil should be stabilized by esterification to neutralize the acidity of carboxylic acids and moderate the reactivity of other typical biomass-derived compounds, such as sugars, furans, aldehydes, and phenolics. This Special Issue reports on the recent main advances in the homogeneous/heterogeneous catalytic conversion of model/real biomass components into ester derivatives that are extremely attractive for both the academic and industrial fields. Dr. Domenico Licursi Guest Editor

Research & information: general --- Chemistry --- eugenol --- acetylation --- flint kaolin --- mesoporous aluminosilicate --- functionalization --- heterogeneous catalysis --- n-butyl levulinate --- alcoholysis --- butanolysis --- Eucalyptus nitens --- microwaves --- biorefinery --- diesel blends --- process intensification --- hydrolysis --- solvothermal process --- alkyl levulinate --- levulinic acid --- 5-hydroxymethylfurfural --- furfural --- humins --- biomass ester derivatives --- solvothermal processing --- γ-valerolactone --- Ni-Fe bimetallic catalysts --- ABE fermentation --- Ni-MgO-Al2O3 catalyst --- biofuel --- catalytic performance --- sewage scum --- methyl (R)-10-hydroxystearate --- FAMEs --- biodiesel --- estolides --- cardoon --- waste biomass --- bio-fuels --- heterogeneous catalysts --- combustion --- PEG --- transesterification --- n/a

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Biomass has received significant attention as a sustainable feedstock that can replace diminishing fossil fuels in the production of value-added chemicals and energy. Many new catalytic technologies have been developed for the conversion of biomass feedstocks into valuable biofuels and bioproducts. However, many of these still suffer from several disadvantages, such as weak catalytic performance, harsh reaction conditions, a high processing cost, and questionable sustainability, which limit their further applicability/development in the immediate future. In this context, the esterification of carboxylic acids represents a very valuable solution to these problems, requiring mild reaction conditions and being advantageously integrable with many existing processes of biomass conversion. An emblematic example is the acid-catalyzed hydrothermal route for levulinic acid production, already upgraded to that of higher value alkyl levulinates, obtained by esterification or directly by biomass alcoholysis. Many other chemical processes benefit from esterification, such as the synthesis of biodiesel, which includes monoalkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids prepared from renewable vegetable oils and animal fats, or that of cellulose esters, mainly acetates, for textile uses. Even pyrolysis bio-oil should be stabilized by esterification to neutralize the acidity of carboxylic acids and moderate the reactivity of other typical biomass-derived compounds, such as sugars, furans, aldehydes, and phenolics. This Special Issue reports on the recent main advances in the homogeneous/heterogeneous catalytic conversion of model/real biomass components into ester derivatives that are extremely attractive for both the academic and industrial fields. Dr. Domenico Licursi Guest Editor

eugenol --- acetylation --- flint kaolin --- mesoporous aluminosilicate --- functionalization --- heterogeneous catalysis --- n-butyl levulinate --- alcoholysis --- butanolysis --- Eucalyptus nitens --- microwaves --- biorefinery --- diesel blends --- process intensification --- hydrolysis --- solvothermal process --- alkyl levulinate --- levulinic acid --- 5-hydroxymethylfurfural --- furfural --- humins --- biomass ester derivatives --- solvothermal processing --- γ-valerolactone --- Ni-Fe bimetallic catalysts --- ABE fermentation --- Ni-MgO-Al2O3 catalyst --- biofuel --- catalytic performance --- sewage scum --- methyl (R)-10-hydroxystearate --- FAMEs --- biodiesel --- estolides --- cardoon --- waste biomass --- bio-fuels --- heterogeneous catalysts --- combustion --- PEG --- transesterification --- n/a

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Materials play a very important role in the technological development of a society. As a consequence, the continuous demand for more advanced and sophisticated applications is closely linked to the availability of innovative materials. Although aspects related to the study, the synthesis and the applications of materials are of interdisciplinary interest, in the last few years, great attention has been paid to the development of advanced materials for environmental preservation and sustainable energy technologies, such as gaseous pollutant monitoring, waste water treatment, catalysis, carbon dioxide valorization, green fuel production, energy saving, water adsorption and clean technologies. This Special Issue aims at covering the current design, synthesis and characterization of innovative advanced materials, as well as novel nanotechnologies able to offer promising solutions to the these pressing themes.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- anaerobic digestion --- anchovies --- biorefinery --- circular economy --- d-limonene --- granular activated carbon --- inhibition --- orange peel waste (OPW) --- hydrothermal carbonization --- hydrochar --- 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) --- furfural (FU) --- levulinic acid (LA) --- nanomaterials --- MOS --- resistive sensor --- tin oxide --- fermentation --- diacetyl --- lithium chloride hydrate --- composite foam --- deliquescence --- thermochemical storage --- in situ characterization --- ionic liquids --- heat storage --- thermal stability --- HRMAS NMR --- FTIR --- zinc oxide --- gas sensor --- hexanal --- 1-pentanol --- 1-octen-3-ol --- MOX --- plasmonic nanoparticles --- silicon solar cell --- graphene --- short-circuit current density --- open-circuit voltage --- power conversion efficiency --- n/a

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Biomass is widely considered as a potential alternative to dwindling fossil fuel reserves. There is a large variety of biomass sources (oleaginous, lignocellulosic, algae, etc.), with many possible conversion routes and products. Currently, biomass is not just viewed as a source of biofuels, but also as an interesting feedstock for the production of bio-based chemicals that could largely replace petrochemicals. In this context, the search for new sustainable and efficient alternatives to fossil sources is gaining increasing relevance within the chemical industry. There, the role of catalysis is often critical for the development of clean and sustainable processes, aiming to produce commodity chemicals or liquid fuels with a high efficiency and atom economy. This book gathers works at the cutting edge of investigation in the application of catalysis, for the sustainable conversion of biomass into biofuels and bio-based chemicals.

Technology: general issues --- bamboo --- pretreatment --- magnetic solid acid --- corncob --- reducing sugar --- wood waste --- biofuel --- lignocellulosic biomass --- NaOH pretreatment --- anaerobic co-digestion --- biomass --- waste seashell --- aldol condensation --- heterogeneous catalyst --- hydrogenolysis --- polyols --- monosaccharides --- hemicelluloses extracted liquor --- ReOx-Rh/ZrO2 catalysts --- sulfonated hydrothermal carbon --- solketal --- sulfonic solids --- ketalization --- continuous flow --- aerobic oxidation --- ruthenium --- heterogeneous catalysis --- lignin valorization --- guaiacyl glycerol-β-guaiacyl ether --- pyrolysis --- ketonisation --- bio-oil --- turnover frequencies (TOFs) --- biomass-derived aqueous phase upgrading --- olefin production --- oxide catalyst zinc–zirconia --- bauxite --- Li2CO3 --- transesterification --- soybean oil --- glucose --- 5-hydroxymethylfurfural --- LTL-zeolites --- used cooking oil --- deoxygenation --- decarboxylation --- decarbonylation --- nickel --- copper --- iron --- platinum --- hydrocarbons --- algae --- thermochemical conversion --- catalytic upgrading --- high-grade liquid fuel --- n/a --- oxide catalyst zinc-zirconia

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• Reference Manager
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Biomass is widely considered as a potential alternative to dwindling fossil fuel reserves. There is a large variety of biomass sources (oleaginous, lignocellulosic, algae, etc.), with many possible conversion routes and products. Currently, biomass is not just viewed as a source of biofuels, but also as an interesting feedstock for the production of bio-based chemicals that could largely replace petrochemicals. In this context, the search for new sustainable and efficient alternatives to fossil sources is gaining increasing relevance within the chemical industry. There, the role of catalysis is often critical for the development of clean and sustainable processes, aiming to produce commodity chemicals or liquid fuels with a high efficiency and atom economy. This book gathers works at the cutting edge of investigation in the application of catalysis, for the sustainable conversion of biomass into biofuels and bio-based chemicals.

Technology: general issues --- bamboo --- pretreatment --- magnetic solid acid --- corncob --- reducing sugar --- wood waste --- biofuel --- lignocellulosic biomass --- NaOH pretreatment --- anaerobic co-digestion --- biomass --- waste seashell --- aldol condensation --- heterogeneous catalyst --- hydrogenolysis --- polyols --- monosaccharides --- hemicelluloses extracted liquor --- ReOx-Rh/ZrO2 catalysts --- sulfonated hydrothermal carbon --- solketal --- sulfonic solids --- ketalization --- continuous flow --- aerobic oxidation --- ruthenium --- heterogeneous catalysis --- lignin valorization --- guaiacyl glycerol-β-guaiacyl ether --- pyrolysis --- ketonisation --- bio-oil --- turnover frequencies (TOFs) --- biomass-derived aqueous phase upgrading --- olefin production --- oxide catalyst zinc–zirconia --- bauxite --- Li2CO3 --- transesterification --- soybean oil --- glucose --- 5-hydroxymethylfurfural --- LTL-zeolites --- used cooking oil --- deoxygenation --- decarboxylation --- decarbonylation --- nickel --- copper --- iron --- platinum --- hydrocarbons --- algae --- thermochemical conversion --- catalytic upgrading --- high-grade liquid fuel --- n/a --- oxide catalyst zinc-zirconia