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This text uses state of the art models from the frontier of macroeconomics to answer key questions about how the economy functions and how policy should be conducted. It includes contributions on the market as a bearer of risk, the European Debt crisis, and possible stagflation of the US economy.

Macroeconomics. --- Economic policy. --- Economic nationalism --- Economic planning --- National planning --- State planning --- Economics --- Planning --- National security --- Social policy --- Macroeconomics --- Economic policy --- E-books --- Macroeconomia --- Política econòmica --- Economia --- Ajuda econòmica --- Ajustament estructural --- Arbitrisme --- Assistència tècnica --- Autarquia --- Deflació --- Desenvolupament econòmic --- Dret industrial --- Economia del benestar --- Economia internacional --- Estabilització econòmica --- Estat del benestar --- Industrialització --- Integració econòmica --- Liberalisme --- Política agrícola --- Política comercial --- Política d'intervenció --- Política de desenvolupament --- Política de despeses públiques --- Política de plena ocupació --- Política de rendes --- Política fiscal --- Política industrial --- Política laboral --- Política monetària --- Política pesquera --- Política regional --- Política turística --- Proteccionisme --- Préstecs de l'Estat --- Reforma agrària --- Sancions (Dret internacional) --- Sancions econòmiques --- Seguretat econòmica --- Sistemes econòmics comparats --- Subvencions --- Política social --- Seguretat nacional --- Anàlisi econòmica --- Demanda (Teoria econòmica) --- Microeconomia --- Teoria econòmica --- Política de despesa pública

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Economic integration is one of the most noteworthy issues in international economic policy at the end of the twentieth century. The recent examples of the European Union (EU) and the North American Free Trade Association (NAFTA) have raised important questions about the economic integration process and the possible establishment of economic unions in other parts of the world.  Against the backdrop of the financial crisis in Europe and prospects of increasing integration in Asia, this volume showcases research from an international array of researchers to provide a basic understanding of the current issues, problems, challenges, and opportunities for achieving integration, addressing both empirical and theoretical aspects of such topics as monetary union, social policy reform and social union, public finance and technology policy.  The chapters in Part 1 are focused primarily on economic issues, while Part 2 covers on social policy, the welfare state, and political reforms, with a particular emphasis on the European Union.  Among the questions addressed: What are the main determinants and implications for socio-economic integration? How can economic policy influence the growth and integration process? Why is innovation important for regional economic development? What has been the policy response so far and what lessons have we learned from it? And finally, what are our action lines for the future?

Economic policy. --- Economics. --- Europe -- Economic integration. --- Europe -- Economic policy. --- Business & Economics --- Economic History --- Economic Theory --- Europe --- Economic conditions. --- Social conditions. --- Development economics. --- Regional economics. --- Spatial economics. --- Economic Policy. --- Regional/Spatial Science. --- Development Economics. --- Economics --- Economic development --- Regional planning --- Regionalism --- Space in economics --- Economic nationalism --- Economic planning --- National planning --- State planning --- Planning --- National security --- Social policy --- Spatial economics --- Regional economics --- Economic integration. --- Integració europea --- Integració econòmica --- Política econòmica --- Europa --- Economia --- Ajuda econòmica --- Ajustament estructural --- Arbitrisme --- Assistència tècnica --- Autarquia --- Deflació --- Desenvolupament econòmic --- Dret industrial --- Economia del benestar --- Economia internacional --- Estabilització econòmica --- Estat del benestar --- Industrialització --- Liberalisme --- Política agrícola --- Política comercial --- Política d'intervenció --- Política de desenvolupament --- Política de despesa pública --- Política de plena ocupació --- Política de rendes --- Política fiscal --- Política industrial --- Política laboral --- Política monetària --- Política pesquera --- Política regional --- Política turística --- Proteccionisme --- Préstecs de l'Estat --- Reforma agrària --- Sancions (Dret internacional) --- Sancions econòmiques --- Seguretat econòmica --- Sistemes econòmics comparats --- Subvencions --- Política social --- Seguretat nacional --- Integració econòmica regional --- Harmonització fiscal --- Globalització (Economia) --- Mercat Únic --- Unions duaneres --- Construcció europea --- Integració política europea --- Moviment paneuropeu --- Unificació europea --- Unitat europea --- Fons estructurals --- Pla Schuman --- Europeisme --- Estats i territoris --- Euràsia --- Alps --- Camí de Sant Jaume --- Corredor Mediterrani --- Danubi (Europa : Curs d'aigua) --- Europa central --- Europa de l'Est --- Europa del Nord --- Europa del Sud --- Europa occidental --- Països de la Unió Europea --- Rin (Europa : Curs d'aigua) --- Roine (Europa : Curs d'aigua) --- Tràcia (Regió històrica)

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Local finance --- Local government --- Finance, Public --- Comparative law --- Finances locales --- Administration locale --- Finances publiques --- Droit comparé --- BPB1207 --- Décentralisation --- Financement --- Collectivité régionale --- Collectivité locale --- 351.0 --- 352 --- 336.50 --- 342.55 --- Decentralisatie --- Lokale financiën --- Financiering --- Regionaal bestuur --- Gemeentelijk publiekrechtelijk lichaam --- Activiteiten van het openbaar bestuur: algemeenheden. --- Gewestelijke en plaatselijke openbare besturen. --- Provinciale en gemeentelijke financiën: algemeenheden. --- Federale en regionale machten. --- Droit comparé --- EPUB-ALPHA-F EPUB-LIV-FT LIVDROIT STRADA-B --- E-books --- lokal forvaltningsenhed --- ente locale --- lokal förvaltningsenhet --- jedinica lokalne samouprave --- awtorità lokali --- јединица локалне самоуправе --- kohalik valitsusüksus --- samorząd lokalny --- autoritet vendor --- локална власт --- helyi hatóság --- местни власти --- vietējā varas iestāde --- local authority --- autoritate locală --- miestny orgán --- kommunale Gebietskörperschaft --- οργανισμός τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης --- entidad local --- paikallinen viranomainen --- lokalna oblast --- vietos savivaldos institucija --- gemeentelijk publiekrechtelijk lichaam --- místní zastupitelstvo --- autarquia local --- colectividad local --- ente local --- entidade local --- entidad local menor --- comarca --- autarquia --- regional authority --- reģionāla varas iestāde --- regionale Gebietskörperschaft --- ente regionale --- регионална власт --- regional förvaltningsenhet --- jedinica regionalne samouprave --- regionální celek --- регионални власти --- regionálny orgán --- regionaal bestuur --- entidad regional --- awtorità reġjonali --- piirkondlik valitsusüksus --- autoritate regională --- autoritet rajonal --- organismo regional --- јединица регионалне самоуправе --- regional forvaltningsenhed --- regiono savivalda --- regionális hatóság --- samorząd regionalny --- regionalna oblast --- alueellinen viranomainen --- οργανισμός περιφερειακής διοίκησης --- subdivisión regional --- jedinica područne samouprave --- colectividad regional --- län --- regionális testület --- financim --- финансирање --- finanszírozás --- finansavimas --- finanțare --- maoiniú --- finanzjament --- финансиране --- financovanie --- Finanzierung --- finansowanie --- finansiering --- financing --- rahoitus --- financiamento --- finantseerimine --- financiranje --- financiación --- finanziamento --- financování --- χρηματοδότηση --- financiering --- finansējums --- кредитирање --- maoiniúchán --- rahastamine --- финансиски инструменти --- finanze locali --- lokale finanser --- financie miestnych orgánov --- kohalike asutuste rahandus --- finanzi tal-awtoritajiet lokali --- local authority finances --- Gemeindefinanzen --- financije jedinice lokalne uprave --- локални финанси --- savivaldybių finansai --- sredstva lokalne skupnosti --- lokale financiën --- pašvaldību finansējums --- finance místních úřadů --- finanças locais --- δημόσια οικονομικά τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης --- helyi pénzügyek --- hacienda local --- финансии на локалната власт --- finanțe publice locale --- finanse gminy --- kuntien rahatalous --- финансије локалних власти --- financat e autoriteteve vendore --- lokala finanser --- Kommunalfinanzen --- kommunale finanser --- obecné financie --- rajooni rajandus --- gemeentefinanciën --- finance obcí --- δημόσια οικονομικά δήμων και κοινοτήτων --- sredstva lokalne uprave --- district finances --- financat komunale --- hacienda provincial --- municipal finances --- финансии на локалната самоуправа --- alueen talous --- kohalike omavalitsuste rahandus --- finance místních správních orgánů --- financie územných celkov --- komunální finance --- kommunala finanser --- finanças municipais --- finanțe muncipale --- önkormányzati pénzügyek --- obecní finance --- hacienda municipal --- finanze comunali --- financat bashkiake --- finance místní správy --- finances communales --- finanțe județene --- kunnan talous --- apskričių finansai --- financije lokalne vlasti --- буџет на локалната самоуправа --- municipální finance --- decentralisatie --- decentralizim --- decentralizacja --- децентрализация --- decentralizace --- descentralizare --- децентрализација --- decentralizācija --- decentralisation --- decentralisering --- Dezentralisierung --- descentralização --- descentralización --- decentramento --- decentralizacija --- päätösvallan hajauttaminen --- decentralizáció --- decentralizavimas --- decentralizácia --- deċentralizzazzjoni --- αυτοδιοίκηση --- detsentraliseerimine --- centralizavimas --- decentralizacija vlasti --- centralisatie --- decentramento politico --- centralização --- centralizācija --- centralizacija --- centralizáció --- централизација --- centralizim --- centralizácia --- centralisation --- centralizace --- tsentraliseerimine --- keskittäminen --- decentralization --- centralisering --- συγκεντρωτική οργάνωση --- centralización --- centralizare --- decentramento amministrativo --- decentramento burocratico --- Zentralisierung --- accentramento --- centralizzazione --- Activiteiten van het openbaar bestuur: algemeenheden --- Gewestelijke en plaatselijke openbare besturen --- Provinciale en gemeentelijke financiën: algemeenheden --- Federale en regionale machten --- dílárú --- údarás áitiúil --- údarás réigiúnach --- airgeadas údarás áitiúil --- Collectivité locale --- Décentralisation --- Collectivité régionale --- financement --- finances locales --- Investissements publics --- Etudes compratives

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BPB1007 --- Union européenne --- Droits de l'homme --- Libertés constitutionnelles --- Europese unie --- Rechten van de mens --- Grondwettelijke vrijheden --- Collectivité locale --- Gemeentelijk publiekrechtelijk lichaam --- Collectivités locales --- Démocratie locale --- Conseil de l'Europe --- Public law. Constitutional law --- European law --- Droit international --- Participation politique --- Activité politique --- Droit international. --- Participation politique. --- Démocratie locale. --- Activité politique. --- Europese Unie --- Europska unija --- União Europeia --- Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση --- Európska únia --- Európai Unió --- Europäische Union --- Europos Sąjunga --- Evropská unie --- Европска унија --- Unjoni Ewropea --- Европейски съюз --- Europeiska unionen --- European Union --- Euroopan unioni --- Eiropas Savienība --- Unión Europea --- Evropska unija --- Unia Europejska --- Unione europea --- Uniunea Europeană --- Den Europæiske Union --- Европска Унија --- Euroopa Liit --- an tAontas Eorpach --- Bashkimi Europian --- Sąjungos institucija --- Sąjungos teisė --- právo Únie --- νόμος της Ένωσης --- Savienības tiesības --- wet van de Unie --- legge dell'Unione --- Europæisk Union --- unionslagstiftning --- atto dell'Unione --- AE --- loi de l'Union --- EU --- e drejta e Bashkimit --- ЕУ --- lege a Uniunii Europene --- Union law --- človekove pravice --- derechos humanos --- ľudské práva --- prawa człowieka --- ljudska prava --- δικαιώματα του ανθρώπου --- човешки права --- human rights --- inimõigused --- cilvēktiesības --- rechten van de mens --- lidská práva --- cearta an duine --- ihmisoikeudet --- direitos humanos --- људска права --- emberi jogok --- menneskerettigheder --- човекови права --- drittijiet tal-bniedem --- mänskliga rättigheter --- žmogaus teisės --- të drejtat e njeriut --- diritti umani --- drepturile omului --- Menschenrechte --- kršenje ljudskih prava --- Verletzung der Menschenrechte --- diritti fondamentali dell'uomo --- Verteidigung der Menschenrechte --- nezadatelná práva --- ανθρώπινα δικαιώματα --- nepromlčitelná práva --- pasikėsinimas į žmogaus teises --- фундаментални слободи и права на човекот и граѓанинот --- zaštita ljudskih prava --- porušování lidských práv --- atentado a los derechos humanos --- Schutz der Menschenrechte --- mbrojtje e të drejtave të njeriut --- krænkelse af menneskerettighederne --- cilvēktiesību apdraudējums --- παραβίαση των δικαιωμάτων του ανθρώπου --- violarea drepturilor omului --- aantasting van de rechten van de mens --- porušenie ľudských práv --- Beeinträchtigung der Menschenrechte --- mensenrechten --- emberi jogok védelme --- emberi jogok megsértése --- kränkning av mänskliga rättigheter --- atteinte aux droits de l'homme --- útok na ľudské práva --- ihmisoikeusloukkaus --- προσβολή των δικαιωμάτων του ανθρώπου --- attack on human rights --- protección de los derechos humanos --- cilvēktiesību aizsardzība --- bescherming van de rechten van de mens --- salvaguardia dei diritti dell'uomo --- proteção dos direitos humanos --- tilsidesættelse af menneskerettighederne --- ihmisoikeuksien suojelu --- protezione dei diritti umani --- Конвенција за заштита на човековите права и основните слободи --- skydd av mänskliga rättigheter --- violación de los derechos humanos --- cilvēktiesību pārkāpums --- ochrana ľudských práv --- žmogaus teisių apsauga --- ihmisoikeuksien uhkaaminen --- prava čovjeka --- derechos del hombre --- rispetto dei diritti dell'uomo --- schending van de rechten van de mens --- inimõiguste kaitse --- protecția drepturilor omului --- shkelje e të drejtave të njeriut --- violação dos direitos humanos --- brott mot mänskliga rättigheter --- beskyttelse af menneskerettigheder --- ochrana lidských práv --- inimõiguste ohustamine --- violation des droits de l'homme --- повреда на граѓанските права --- cenim i të drejtave të njeriut --- žmogaus teisių pažeidimas --- cilvēka pamattiesības --- граѓански слободи и права --- προστασία των δικαιωμάτων του ανθρώπου --- ofensa aos direitos humanos --- заштита на правата и слободите на граѓаните --- кршење на човековите права --- human rights violation --- violazione dei diritti umani --- protection of human rights --- inimõiguste rikkumine --- reato contro i diritti dell'uomo --- protection des droits de l'homme --- BPB1003 --- lokal forvaltningsenhed --- ente locale --- lokal förvaltningsenhet --- jedinica lokalne samouprave --- awtorità lokali --- јединица локалне самоуправе --- kohalik valitsusüksus --- samorząd lokalny --- autoritet vendor --- локална власт --- helyi hatóság --- местни власти --- vietējā varas iestāde --- local authority --- autoritate locală --- miestny orgán --- kommunale Gebietskörperschaft --- οργανισμός τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης --- entidad local --- paikallinen viranomainen --- lokalna oblast --- vietos savivaldos institucija --- gemeentelijk publiekrechtelijk lichaam --- místní zastupitelstvo --- autarquia local --- colectividad local --- ente local --- entidade local --- entidad local menor --- comarca --- autarquia --- údarás áitiúil --- Collectivité locale --- Union européenne

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The wave of protests and populist uprisings in the Middle East has heightened the focus on a volatile region. But the emphasis on political issues has obscured underlying issues concerning education, infrastructure, research, innovation, entrepreneurship and sustainable environmental and social development. This volume, emerging in the aftermath of a conference and workshop on science and technology in the region, presents contributions from a range of experts from the Middle East, Europe, and the world to provide fresh new insights and perspectives on the challenges and prospects for regional development in the changing global context of our time. The authors explore such topics as: the role of information and communication technologies; mindset change in support of investment in intangible assets and risk-taking; how to approach cultural issues, institutions and governance; collaborations with other regions, and; benchmarking performance while drawing lessons of relevance for the special local context. Ultimately, they offer a number of precise policy recommendations and practical insights for creating an enabling environment for capturing economic, political, and social opportunity.

Entrepreneurship. --- Investment. --- Social development. --- Research --- Technological innovations --- Entrepreneurship --- Government - Non-U.S. --- Business & Economics --- Government - General --- Law, Politics & Government --- Economic History --- Government - Asia --- Political Institutions & Public Administration - General --- Economic aspects --- Arab Spring, 2010 --- -Entrepreneurship --- Entrepreneur --- Intrapreneur --- Arab Awakening, 2010 --- -Arab Spring, 2010 --- Economic policy. --- Development economics. --- Economics. --- R & D/Technology Policy. --- Economic Policy. --- Development Economics. --- Capitalism --- Business incubators --- Economics --- Economic development --- Economic nationalism --- Economic planning --- National planning --- State planning --- Planning --- National security --- Social policy --- 2000 - 2099 --- Middle East --- Middle East. --- Economic policy --- Economic conditions --- Asia, Western --- Eastern Mediterranean --- Eastern Mediterranean Region --- Fertile Crescent --- Levant --- Mideast --- Near East --- South West --- Southwest Asia --- West Asia --- Western Asia --- Asia --- Asia, South West --- Asia, Southwest --- Asia, West --- East (Middle East) --- Mediterranean Region, Eastern --- Northern Tier (Middle East) --- South West Asia --- Orient --- Primavera àrab, 2010 --- -Política econòmica --- Emprenedoria --- Desenvolupament econòmic --- Orient Mitjà --- Desenvolupament --- Economia --- Política econòmica --- Creixement econòmic --- Creixement negatiu (Economia) --- Desenvolupament humà (Sociologia) --- Dones en el desenvolupament --- Educació i desenvolupament econòmic --- Industrialització --- Model de creixement de Solow --- Subdesenvolupament --- Desenvolupament sostenible --- Educació per al desenvolupament --- Política de desenvolupament --- Societat de consum --- Creadors d'empreses --- Emprenedors (Economia política) --- Entrepreneurship (Economia) --- Esperit emprenedor --- Esperit empresarial --- Iniciativa empresarial --- Capitalisme --- Emprenedoria social --- Beneficis --- Creació d'empreses --- Creativitat en els negocis --- Ajuda econòmica --- Ajustament estructural --- Arbitrisme --- Assistència tècnica --- Autarquia --- Deflació --- Dret industrial --- Economia del benestar --- Economia internacional --- Estabilització econòmica --- Estat del benestar --- Integració econòmica --- Liberalisme --- Política agrícola --- Política comercial --- Política d'intervenció --- Política de despesa pública --- Política de plena ocupació --- Política de rendes --- Política fiscal --- Política industrial --- Política laboral --- Política monetària --- Política pesquera --- Política regional --- Política turística --- Proteccionisme --- Préstecs de l'Estat --- Reforma agrària --- Sancions (Dret internacional) --- Sancions econòmiques --- Seguretat econòmica --- Sistemes econòmics comparats --- Subvencions --- Política social --- Seguretat nacional --- Revoltes àrabs, 2010 --- -Revolució democràtica àrab, 2010 --- -Revolucions àrabs, 2010 --- -Revolució egípcia, 2011 --- Àsia anterior --- Àsia occidental --- Àsia sud-occidental --- Orient Pròxim --- Proper Orient --- Pròxim Orient --- Aràbia --- Aràbia Saudita --- Bahrain --- Iemen --- Iran --- Iraq --- Israel --- Jordània --- Kurdistan --- Kuwait --- Líban --- Oman --- Palestina --- Palestina (Regió) --- Qatar --- Síria --- Turquia --- Unió dels Emirats Àrabs --- Xipre