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Objectifs :
Ce travail de fin d’études a pour but de développer et d’implémenter une méthodologie d’analyse technico-économique des centrales d’énergie afin d’élargir le panel d’outils de modélisation disponible au sein d’EDF.  Cette méthodologie est ensuite validée sur des cas concrets.
Les modules économiques développés visent à terme l’implémentation des structures de coûts classiques des moyens de production d’énergie (Turbines, TAC, compresseur, etc.) ainsi que les indicateurs économiques permettant de réaliser l’analyse de cycle de vie d’un actif énergétique.

Résultats :
La première étape consiste, par une étude bibliographique, à relever les corrélations relatives aux différents moyens de production ainsi qu’aux indicateurs économiques.
Ces corrélations sont triées puis comparées avant d’être implémentées dans les modules manquants à la bibliothèque EcoSysPro.
Une méthodologie précise d’analyse économique est alors définie et appliquée à plusieurs cas d’étude. 
Une analyse technique et une modélisation précise de ces cas concrets sont menées afin d’en observer le bon comportement et d’en extraire les grandeurs utiles. 
En rassemblant ces deux axes de recherche, technique et économique, il est alors possible de valider cette méthode et de déterminer un optimum technico-économique de l’installation de production d’énergie considérée.

CAPEX --- OPEX --- LCOE --- LCOH --- CHP --- Cogeneration --- Thermal energy storage --- Ingénierie, informatique & technologie > Energie

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To be able to deal with large quantities of intermittent renewable energy sources, network
flexibility must be added to allow a phase shift between supply and demand. This
flexibility can be found in the coupling between heat and power, which provides demand
response potential, and facilitates the decarbonization of the heating sector.
To study the interaction between heat and power, a unit-commitment software has
been improved with heat demand implementation, such as district heating networks with
combined heat and power plants, heat pumps and thermal energy storage, as well as
personal heat demand distribution.
Moreover, the model presents temperature considerations enabling heat generation
from low temperature heat pumps with high efficiency.
Multiple scenarios with different heating configurations have been investigated. Their
analysis lead to the conclusion that a strong heat and power coupling in a country network
benefits to the reduction of its system cost a CO2 emissions.

unit commitment --- heat and power --- chp --- heat pump --- district heating --- heat unit commitment --- thermal energy storage --- Ingénierie, informatique & technologie > Energie

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Research without statistics is like water in the sand; the latter is necessary to reap the benefits of the former. This collection of articles is designed to bring together different approaches to applied statistics. The studies presented in this book are a tiny piece of what applied statistics means and how statistical methods find their usefulness in different fields of research from theoretical frames to practical applications such as genetics, computational chemistry, and experimental design. This book presents several applications of the statistics: A new continuous distribution with five parameters—the modified beta Gompertz distribution; A method to calculate the p-value associated with the Anderson–Darling statistic; An approach of repeated measurement designs; A validated model to predict statement mutations score; A new family of structural descriptors, called the extending characteristic polynomial (EChP) family, used to express the link between the structure of a compound and its properties. This collection brings together authors from Europe and Asia with a specific contribution to the knowledge in regards to theoretical and applied statistics.

molecular descriptors --- compound symmetry --- Anderson–Darling test (AD) --- software testing --- probability --- characteristic polynomial (ChP) --- mutation testing --- C20 fullerene --- fullerene congeners --- machine learning --- maximum likelihood estimation --- gompertz distribution --- modified beta generator --- structure–property relationships --- repeated measurement designs --- Monte Carlo simulation

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The circular economy, as a new business model that is different from the economy, can achieve the reuse and recycling of waste for waste minimization, improve the efficiency of resource utilization, and mitigate carbon emissions. It is no doubt that promoting the development of the circular economy can facilitate the transition to low-carbon processes and carbon-neutral development. However, there are still several questions that need to be answered: (1) How can the circular economy contribute to a low-carbon transition? (2) How do we address the fact that the circular economy model may also cause some new environmental problems, and how should we identify what the most environmentally friendly solution is among multiple alternatives for the circular economy? (3) Governmental regulation, policies and incentives play a significant role in promoting the development of the circular economy, so what are the policy instruments that can contribute to its development? (4) How can technological progress and solutions contribute to the circular economy? (5) How can environmental impact assessments contribute to the circular economy? (6) How can we achieve a circular economy or low-carbon transition through changes in consumption behaviors? In order to answer the above-mentioned questions, we launched a Special Issue in Energies. There are a total of six papers published in this Special Issue. This e-book collects these papers to build a platform for sharing advanced concepts, tools and methods for the users to take actions to achieve a circular economy.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- Industry & industrial studies --- carbon label --- bibliometric analysis --- CiteSpace --- carbon labeling scheme --- purchase intention --- willingness to pay --- eco-efficiency --- environmental impact --- GHG emissions --- energy consumption --- food chain --- short food supply chains (SFSCs) --- Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) --- rice husk --- gasification --- CHP --- Aspen Plus --- simulation --- economic assessment --- circular economy --- low-carbon energy --- waste-based bioenergy --- resource efficiency --- product policy --- energy efficiency --- digitalization --- life cycle assessment --- easy-to-repair design --- built environment --- gas boilers --- heat pumps --- n/a

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The urgently needed carbon neutral economy requires a portfolio of strategies, among which, CO2 capture and renewable energy will need to play a decisive role. Dispatchable renewables, such as bioenergy, will play an increasing role in maintaining electricity security, in producing heat in the industry and residential sectors, and in reducing the emissions from the transport sector. Biomethane, also known as a renewable natural gas, can be directly blended with or fully replace natural gas in existing pipelines and end-user equipment, with the added advantage of being carbon neutral. CO2 capture and storage (CCS) will also be of paramount importance in abating CO2 emissions from existing infrastructure in the power and industrial sectors. There are many industries that will be difficult or impossible to decarbonize in the short term, such as the cement sector, in which CO2 emissions are intrinsic to the production process. In such cases, CCS will be mandatory to achieve the goal of net zero emissions. Permanent CO2 removal technologies, such as bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) and direct air capture and storage (DACS), will also be necessary in the medium term to compensate for emissions from the hard-to-abate sectors, and in the long term, even to remove atmospheric CO2 from past emissions. This book consists of six peer-reviewed scientific articles that cover a range of high-interest subjects related to the aforementioned hot topics.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- zeolite --- ZSM-5 --- adsorption --- biogas upgrading --- shaping --- extrusion --- CO2 capture --- cement --- post-combustion --- absorption --- membranes --- calcium looping --- oxyfuel --- direct separation --- CO2 emissions --- CCS --- CCUS --- global facilities --- Zn(dcpa) --- MOF --- framework flexibility --- gas storage --- biogas --- carbon capture --- carbon footprint --- carbon capture and storage --- zero/low emission building --- greenhous effect --- environmental protection --- carbon capture (CC) --- carbon capture and storage (CCS) --- micro-combined heat and power (micro-CHP) --- micro-cogeneration --- energy systems --- buildings --- GHG emissions --- n/a --- Technology --- History.