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Introduction – Dans un service d’imagerie médicale (IM), on accueille tous les jours un grand nombre de patients hospitalisés et non-hospitalisés. Le risque d’une transmission croisée est donc élevé. Pourtant, les précautions générales et additionnelles de prévention des infections ne sont pas toujours bien respectées par les professionnels de la santé. Cette étude cherche à améliorer la prévention de la transmission croisée dans un service d’IM à l’aide d’une analyse des besoins du personnel. Le cadre théorique de cette étude est constitué principalement du Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) et du COM-B Model (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation - Behaviour) de Michie et al. 2014.
Méthode – Pour cette recherche qualitative on a suivi le guide du BCW. L’analyse des besoins a été faite sur base d’entretiens semi-directifs. L’échantillon (n=12) était composé de personnes travaillant dans le service d’IM en contact direct avec les patients. Les entretiens ont été analysés de manière déductive à l’aide des éléments du COM-B Model. Les résultats ont été reportés dans les 6 sous-classes du modèle et ont servi à identifier les modes et stratégies d’intervention appropriés aux besoins. 
Résultats – Grâce à l’analyse des besoins on a pu identifier des besoins au niveau des capacités psychologiques, au niveau des opportunités physiques et sociales et au niveau de la motivation. Les stratégies d’intervention retenues en lien avec les modes d’interventions identifiés, sont la communication, les guidelines, l’organisation de l’environnement et l'adaptation du matériel, la régulation et la mise à disposition de services.
Conclusion – Les besoins émergeants de cette étude ne sont pas des nouveaux constats en lien avec la compliance non-idéale aux mesures de prévention de la transmission croisée. Cependant, il s’agit de la première étude qualitative qui analyse les besoins des professionnels d’un service d’IM. On constate deux différences par rapport aux études comparables. Premièrement, il y a des différences en termes de formation en hygiène hospitalière et de savoir théorique entre les membres du personnel. Ensuite, les protocoles de prévention de la transmission croisée ne sont pas adaptés à la pratique d’un service d’imagerie médicale. Introduction – There are numerous in- as well as outpatients visiting a medical imaging (MI) department every day. Hence, there is a considerable risk of cross contamination. Nevertheless, general and additional precaution measures for infection prevention are not always implemented by health care workers. This study aims at improving cross contamination prevention within a MI department by analysing the specific needs expressed by staff members. This study’s theoretical framework is built mainly on the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) and the COM-B model (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour) Michie et al. 2014. 
Method - The BCW guide has been used for this qualitative research. The analysis of needs is based on semi-structured interviews. Sample (n=12) consisted of people working in the radiology service who were in close contact with the patients. The interviews have been treated by deductive analysis taken from the Com-B Model. The results have been classified into the six subcategories of the model and enabled the identification of intervention functions and policy categories appropriate to the specific needs expressed in the interviews.
Results - Thanks to the analysis it came clear that there were needs at the level of psychological capacities, physical and social opportunities and motivation. The policy categories used along with the intervention functions are communication, guidelines, the infrastructure of the working environment and the adaptation of material, the regulation and the availability of services.
Conclusion- The emerging needs cited in this study aren’t new within the field of non-ideal compliance to prevention measures against cross contamination. However, it is the first qualitative study that is based on the needs of professional caretakers within the MI department. There are two striking aspects not mentioned in other studies: the differences in methods of hospital hygiene training and theoretical knowledge between staff members. Secondly, prevention protocols about cross contamination are not adapted to daily practice.

Transmission croisée --- Prévention --- Behaviour Change Wheel --- Radiologie --- COM-B --- Cross contamination --- Prevention --- Behaviour Change Wheel --- COMB-B --- Radiology --- Sciences de la santé humaine > Santé publique, services médicaux & soins de santé

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