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Aristotle classified the things in the world into ten categories: substance, quantity, quality, relative, etc. Plotinus, the founder of Neoplatonism, attacked the classification, accepting only these first four categories, rejecting the other six, and adding one of this own: change. He preferred Plato's classification into five kinds which included change. In this part of his commentary, Simplicius records the controversy on the six categories which Plotinus rejected: acting, being acted upon, being in a position, when, where, and having on. Plotinus' pupil and editor, Porphyry, defended all s.

Categories (Philosophy) --- Categories (Philosophy). --- Aristotle. --- Categoriae (Aristotle).

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Aristotle --- Porphyry --- Porphyry, --- Aristotle. --- Categoriae (Aristotle) --- Isagoge (Porphyry)

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Le travail porte sur un texte de Porphyre (IIIe siècle) qui présente, en soi, un double intérêt : d'une part, c'est le seul texte aujourd'hui conservé qui témoigne de l'activité exégétique de ce philosophe néo-platonicien, réputé pour avoir commenté de nombreux auteurs classiques. Il permet donc d'observer sur le vif la méthode de l'exégète et de mesurer en détails l'importance de son apport à la recherche interprétative des œuvres philosophiques anciennes. D'autre part, c'est le premier témoignage conservé des nombreux commentaires consacrés, depuis le 1er siècle avant notre ère, à l'explication des "Catégories" d'Aristote. Il permet donc de récolter une information sur les commentaires aujourd'hui perdus qui l'ont précédé et dont il offre une manière de synthèse, tout en donnant les moyens de juger jusqu'où Porphyre a orienté l'interprétation de ce traité célèbre pour les siècles suivants, spécialement chez les Néoplatoniciens de la fin de l'Antiquité. La nouvelle édition critique du texte grec repose sur la collation de toutes les sources manuscrites connues. Il est donc destiné à remplacer la seule édition critique antérieure (qui date du XIXe siècle), en offrant un texte amendé en de nombreux passages litigieux, avec un appareil critique continu. De plus, cette œuvre de Porphyre, malgré son intérêt, mais en raison des difficultés qu'elle présente, n'a jamais été traduite en français. Cette traduction est donc une première. Elle a de surcroît l'avantage d'être faite sur un texte grec plus rigoureusement établi. Et elle s'accompagne de nombreuses notes explicatives en tous genres, qui ont valeur de commentaires littéral suivi. Elles tiennent compte, non seulement des difficultés du texte porphyrien, mais aussi des difficultés du texte aristotélicien qui s'y trouve expliqué et dont, récemment, Richard Bodéüs lui-même a procuré aussi une édition critique, avec traduction et notes.

Categories (Philosophy) --- Categoriae (Aristotle) --- Aristote (0384-0322 av. J.-C.). Catégories --- Catégories (philosophie) --- Ouvrages avant 1800

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Philoponus' On Aristotle Categories 1-5 discusses the nature of universals, preserving the views of Philoponus' teacher Ammonius, as well as presenting a Neoplatonist interpretation of Aristotle's Categories. Philoponus treats universals as concepts in the human mind produced by abstracting a form or nature from the material individual in which it has its being. The work is important for its own philosophical discussion and for the insight it sheds on its sources. For considerable portions, On Aristotle Categories 1-5 resembles the wording of an earlier commentary which declares itself to be an anonymous record taken from the seminars of Ammonius. Unlike much of Philoponus' later writing, this commentary does not disagree with either Aristotle or Ammonius, and suggests the possibility that Philoponus either had access to this earlier record or wrote it himself. This edition explores these questions of provenance, alongside the context, meaning and implications of Philoponus' work. The English translation is accompanied by an introduction, comprehensive commentary notes, bibliography, glossary of translated terms and a subject index. The latest volume in the Ancient Commentators on Aristotle series, the edition makes this philosophical work accessible to a modern readership. Philoponus was a Christian writing in Greek in 6th century CE Alexandria, where some students of philosophy were bilingual in Syriac as well as Greek. In this Greek treatise translated from the surviving Syriac version, Philoponus discusses the logic of parts and wholes, and he illustrates the spread of the pagan and Christian philosophy of 6th century CE Greeks to other cultures, in this case to Syria. Philoponus, an expert on Aristotle's philosophy, had turned to theology and was applying his knowledge of Aristotle to disputes over the human and divine nature of Christ. Were there two natures and were they parts of a whole, as the Emperor Justinian proposed, or was there only one nature, as Philoponus claimed with the rebel minority, both human and divine? If there were two natures, were they parts like the ingredients in a chemical mixture? Philoponus attacks the idea. Such ingredients are not parts, because they each inter-penetrate the whole mixture. Moreover, he abandons his ingenious earlier attempts to support Aristotle's view of mixture by identifying ways in which such ingredients might be thought of as potentially preserved in a chemical mixture. Instead, Philoponus says that the ingredients are destroyed, unlike the human and divine in Christ.

Neoplatonism. --- Aristotle. --- Categoriae (Aristotle). --- Néo-platonisme --- Neoplatonism --- Aristotle --- Aristotle - Categoriae --- Categories (Philosophy) --- Early works to 1800.

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This volume studies the origin and evolution of philosophical interest in Aristotle's Categories. After centuries of neglect, the Categories became the focus of philosophical discussion in the first century BCE, and was subsequently adopted as the basic introductory textbook for philosophy in the Aristotelian and Platonic traditions. In this study, Michael Griffin builds on earlier work to reconstruct the fragments of the earliest commentaries on the treatise, and illuminates the earliest arguments for Aristotle's approach to logic as the foundation of higher education. Griffin argues that Andronicus of Rhodes played a critical role in the Categories' rise to prominence, and that his motivations for interest in the text can be recovered. The volume also tracks Platonic and Stoic debate over the Categories, and suggests reasons for its adoption into the mainstream of both schools. Covering the period from the first century BCE to the third century CE, the volume focuses on individual philosophers whose views can be recovered from later, mostly Neoplatonic sources, including Andronicus of Rhodes, Eudorus of Alexandria, Pseudo-Archytas, Lucius, Nicostratus, Athenodorus, and Cornutus.

Logic --- Aristotle --- Categories (Philosophy). --- Philosophy, Ancient. --- Catégories (Philosophie) --- Philosophie ancienne --- Aristotle. --- Catégories (Philosophie) --- Philosophy, Ancient --- Categoriae (Aristotle) --- Categories (Philosophy) --- Aristoteles, --- Comnène, Andronic, --- Aristoteles, - 0384-0322 av. J.-C. --- Comnène, Andronic, - 126?-13??