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Triticum aestivum --- Epidemiology --- Wheats --- Rainfed farming --- Varieties --- breeding methods --- biological development --- Cochliobolus sativus --- Zambia
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Partant de la constatation récente que le phénomène de « quorum sensing » observé chez les bactéries l’était aussi pour les champignons, l’objet de l’étude a porté sur l’identification des composés organiques volatils (COVs) responsables du comportement auto-inhibiteur des champignons Fusarium culmorum et Cochliobolus sativus, agents de la pourriture racinaire des céréales. L’étude s’est articulée autour de 3 axes : identifier les composés organiques volatils émis par F. culmorum et C. sativus cultivés sur un milieu pauvre (eau gélosée), en conditions normales (potato dextrose agar) et en surpopulation (107 et 106 spores/mL), tester le bouquet de COVs de chaque traitement sur la croissance des souches elles-mêmes et enfin, tester des COVs individuellement sur la croissance des souches pour 3 concentrations (100 – 500 – 1000 µM). Les résultats de cette étude ont montré un effet de réduction de croissance des deux souches soumises respectivement aux COVs de leur culture en conditions de surpopulation. Partant de ces résultats, l’acétate d’éthyle, l’acétate d’isoamyle, l’alcool isoamylique, l’isobutanol, le longifolène le 1-pentanol, le (+)-sativène et le toluène identifiés dans ces bouquets ont été testés individuellement sur la croissance des deux souches. Pour F. culmorum, l’acétate d’éthyle, l’acétate d’isoamyle et le 1-pentanol ont montré des effets significatifs de réduction de croissance pour les trois concentrations et l’isobutanol pour les concentrations de 500 et 1000 µM. Pour C. sativus, seul le longifolène a montré des effets significatifs de réduction de croissance à 1000 µM. Ces résultats sont prometteurs et ouvrent une perspective d’utilisation des COVs fongiques comme alternative aux pesticides conventionnels.
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Oryza sativa --- Résistance aux maladies --- Disease resistance --- Résistance induite --- Induced resistance --- Magnaporthe --- Rhizoctonia solani --- Pigment --- Pigments --- Arabidopsis --- Serratia --- Cochliobolus miyabeanus --- Pseudomonas fluorescens --- ABA --- Réponse immunitaire --- Immune response --- Sciences and engineering --- biological sciences --- biology --- molecular --- agriculture --- plant pathology --- plant physiology --- 633.18 --- 632.938 --- Rices. Oryza --- Immunology. Plants resistant to diseases and pests. Immunization of plants --- 632.938 Immunology. Plants resistant to diseases and pests. Immunization of plants --- 633.18 Rices. Oryza --- molecular. --- plant pathology. --- plant physiology. --- Pyocyanin --- Biological sciences --- Agriculture --- Plant pathology. --- Biology --- Molecular. --- Plant physiology.
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This book brings together twelve chapters on fungal pathogens with the goal of presenting an overview of the current areas of activity and the common themes that pervade research on these important organisms. The timing of the book is appropriate because we have gained sufficient insight from molecular genetic analyses to begin to make some comparisons between different fungal pathogens and to discuss the key advances that have been made. The chapters provide a broad survey of the important topics in fungal pathogenesis including morphogenesis, virulence, avirulence, and signaling. The reader also will fmd clear discussions of parasitism, mutualism, symbiosis, evolution, phylogeny and ecology for those fungi where these issues are especially important. Finally, many of the chapters in this book illustrate the fact that we are on the verge of a revolution in our understanding of fungal pathogens because of the application of genomics to these organisms and their hosts. The fungi included in this book represent many of the most intensively investigated fungal pathogens of plants; in this regard, a chapter is also included for pathogens in the Phytophthora group, even though these organisms are no longer classified as fungi. It is appropriate to include Phytophthora for historical reasons and, in addition, the insights in terms of pathogenesis and host-specific interactions are important to keep in mind when considering fungal pathogens. Chapters are also included on pathogens of insects and humans, as well as endophytic fungi.
Plante de culture --- Crops --- Maladie des plantes --- Plant diseases --- Agent pathogène --- Pathogens --- Épidémiologie --- Epidemiology --- Relation hôte parasite --- Host parasite relations --- Botrytis --- Aspergillus --- Cladosporium --- Colletotrichum --- Phytophthora --- Ustilago --- Parasitisme --- Parasitism --- Symbiote --- Symbionts --- Aspergillus fumigatus --- Botrytis cinerea --- Mycovellosiella fulva --- Cochliobolus heterostrophus --- Cryphonectria parasitica --- Magnaporthe grisea --- Ustilago zeae --- Medical mycology. --- Mycoses. --- Plant science. --- Botany. --- Plant pathology. --- Human genetics. --- Plant Sciences. --- Plant Pathology. --- Human Genetics. --- Genetics --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Botany --- Communicable diseases in plants --- Crop diseases --- Diseases of plants --- Microbial diseases in plants --- Pathological botany --- Pathology, Vegetable --- Phytopathology --- Plant pathology --- Plants --- Vegetable pathology --- Agricultural pests --- Crop losses --- Diseased plants --- Phytopathogenic microorganisms --- Plant pathologists --- Plant quarantine --- Botanical science --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Biology --- Natural history --- Pathology --- Diseases and pests --- Diseases --- Wounds and injuries --- Floristic botany --- Clavicepts purpurea --- Clavicipitaceae
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In the last few years, significant advances have been made in understanding how a yeast cell responds to the stress of producing a recombinant protein, and how this information can be used to engineer improved host strains. The molecular biology of the expression vector, through the choice of promoter, tag and codon optimization of the target gene, is also a key determinant of a high-yielding protein production experiment. Recombinant Protein Production in Yeast: Methods and Protocols examines the process of preparation of expression vectors, transformation to generate high-yielding clones, optimization of experimental conditions to maximize yields, scale-up to bioreactor formats and disruption of yeast cells to enable the isolation of the recombinant protein prior to purification. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Recombinant Protein Production in Yeast: Methods and Protocols, seeks to aid scientists in adopting yeast as a protein production host.
Pichia --- Recombinant Proteins --- Recombinant proteins --- Saccharomyces cerevisiae --- Yeast fungi --- Yeasts --- biosynthesis --- Biotechnology --- Fungi --- Proteins --- Publication Formats --- Saccharomyces --- Saccharomycetales --- Publication Characteristics --- Ascomycota --- Eukaryota --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Organisms --- Laboratory Manuals --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Biomedical Engineering --- Baker Yeast --- S cerevisiae --- Baker's Yeast --- Brewer's Yeast --- Yeast, Baker's --- Yeast, Brewer's --- Baker Yeasts --- Baker's Yeasts --- Bakers Yeast --- Brewer Yeast --- Brewer's Yeasts --- Brewers Yeast --- Yeast, Baker --- Yeast, Bakers --- Yeast, Brewer --- Yeast, Brewers --- Yeasts, Baker --- Yeasts, Baker's --- Yeasts, Brewer's --- Proteins, Biosynthetic --- Proteins, Recombinant DNA --- Biosynthetic Proteins --- DNA Recombinant Proteins --- DNA Proteins, Recombinant --- Proteins, DNA Recombinant --- Proteins, Recombinant --- Recombinant DNA Proteins --- Recombinant Proteins, DNA --- Hansenula --- Hansenulas --- Pichias --- Yeast --- Genetically engineered proteins --- Eucarya --- Eukarya --- Eukaryotes --- Eukaryotas --- Eukaryote --- Ascomycetes --- Cochliobolus --- Sclerotinia --- Ascomycete --- Ascomycotas --- Sclerotinias --- Budding Yeast --- Endomycetales --- Endomycopsis --- Yeast, Budding --- Budding Yeasts --- Endomycetale --- Endomycopses --- Saccharomycetale --- Yeasts, Budding --- Gene Products, Protein --- Gene Proteins --- Protein Gene Products --- Proteins, Gene --- Fungi, Filamentous --- Molds --- Filamentous Fungi --- Filamentous Fungus --- Fungus --- Fungus, Filamentous --- Mold --- Genetic engineering --- Saccharomyce --- Medicine. --- Human genetics. --- Biomedicine. --- Human Genetics. --- Genetics --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians
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