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In the past few decades a remarkable change occurred in Kant scholarship: the "other" Kant has been discovered, i.e. the one of the doctrine of virtue and the anthropology. Through the rediscovery of Kant's investigations into the empirical and sensuous aspects of knowledge, our understanding of Kant's philosophy has been enriched by an important element that has allowed researchers to correct supposed deficiencies in Kant's work. In addition, further questions concerning the nature of Kant's philosophy itself have been formulated: the more the "other" Kant comes to the fore, the stronger the question concerning the connection between pure philosophy and empirical investigation becomes.The aim of this study is to show that the psychological and anthropological interpretations of Kant's pure philosophy are not convincing and at the same time to illustrate some connections between his critical and anthropological investigations by means of an analysis of the theory of the faculties.Against both a "transcendental psychological" and an "anthropological" reading, the book presents Kant's theory of the faculties as a constitutive part of his critical philosophy and shows that there is a close connection between Kant's pure philosophy and his moral aesthetic.

Philosophy of mind. --- Ethics. --- Kant, Immanuel, --- Virtues, knowledge, critical philosophy.

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Immanuel Kant hat wie kein anderer Denker die Philosophie der Neuzeit geprägt. Aufgrund seiner überragenden Bedeutung liegen inzwischen mehrere Bände zu seinen Schriften in der Reihe "Klassiker Auslegen" vor. Kant ist im wahrsten Sinne ein universeller Denker, der sein Interesse auf nahezu alle Bereiche des menschlichen Lebens richtet. Nach ihm lässt sich dieses Interesse in drei Fragen bündeln: Was kann ich wissen? Wie soll ich handeln? Und: Was darf ich hoffen? Der Antwort auf die dritte Frage geht Kant in seiner Schrift Die Religion innerhalb der Grenzen der bloßen Vernunft (1793) nach. Hier, in seiner Religionsphilosophie, setzt er, gemäß der Grundüberzeugung der Aufklärung, seine Moralphilosophie fort. Gott ist für Kant nicht mehr wie etwa in der mittelalterlichen Philosophie, auch noch bei Descartes ein Gegenstand des Wissens, sondern des Hoffens: Der moralisch handelnde Mensch hofft auf eine sinnvolle Ordnung des Weltganzen, auf einen Gott, dessen Existenz zusammen mit der Unsterblichkeit der Seele die notwendige Voraussetzung für das letzte Ziel des praktischen Handelns, für das höchste Gut, ist. Diese originelle Verbindung von zunächst als gegensätzlich Erscheinendem, von einer Moral der Autonomie mit dem Glauben an einen übernatürlichen Gott, bildet jedoch nicht das einzige Thema der Schrift. In ihr entwickelt Kant darüber hinaus eine differenzierte Theorie des moralisch Bösen und erörtert das Verhältnis zwischen einem bloßen Kirchenglauben (die "sichtbare Kirche") und dem moralischen Religionsglauben (die "unsichtbare Kirche"). Dieser thematisch reichhaltige Text wird im von Otfried Höffe herausgegebenen Band in Form eines kooperativen Kommentars von international renommierten Autoren interpretiert und somit aktuell erschlossen. Alle Beiträge wurden für die 2. Auflage anlässlich des 300. Jubiläums Immanuel Kants überarbeitet und auf den neuesten Forschungsstand gebracht. Mit Beiträgen von Jochen Bojanowski, Johannes Brachtendorf, Andrew Chignell, Katrin Flickschuh, Maximilian Forschner, Otfried Höffe, Christoph Horn, Eberhard Jüngel, Douglas McGaughey, Reza Mosayebi, Burkhard Nonnenmacher, Friedo Ricken, Allen Wood. In Religion Within the Bounds of Bare Reason (1793), Kant continues his moral philosophy in line with the basic conviction of the Enlightenment. Unlike in medieval philosophy and in Descartes, God is no longer an object of knowledge, but one of hope. To mark the 300th anniversary of Immanuel Kant's birth, each article in the second edition has been revised and updated to reflect the latest research.

Critical philosophy. --- Immanuel Kant. --- Philosophy of religion. --- Religion --- Philosophy. --- Kant, Immanuel,

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This is a sweeping and provocative work of aesthetic theory: a trenchant critique of the philosophy of art as it developed from the eighteenth century to the early twentieth century, combined with a carefully reasoned plea for a new and more flexible approach to art.Jean-Marie Schaeffer, one of France's leading aestheticians, explores the writings of Kant, Schlegel, Novalis, Hegel, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, and Heidegger to show that these diverse thinkers shared a common approach to art, which he calls the ";speculative theory."; According to this theory, art offers a special kind of intuitive, quasi-mystical knowledge, radically different from the rational knowledge acquired by science. This view encouraged theorists to consider artistic geniuses the high-priests of humanity, creators of works that reveal the invisible essence of the world. Philosophers came to regard inexpressibility as the aim of art, refused to consider second-tier creations genuine art, and helped to create conditions in which the genius was expected to shock, puzzle, and mystify the public. Schaeffer shows that this speculative theory helped give birth to romanticism, modernism, and the avant-garde, and paved the way for an unfortunate divorce between art and enjoyment, between ";high art"; and popular art, and between artists and their public.Rejecting the speculative approach, Schaeffer concludes by defending a more tolerant theory of art that gives pleasure its due, includes popular art, tolerates less successful works, and accounts for personal tastes.";[A] remarkable work. [Schaeffer's] writing is governed by . the ideals of clarity and consequence, the ideas of logic, truth, and evidence. Schaeffer is so precise and unrelenting a philosophical critic that one wonders how some of the philosophies he anatomizes here can possibly survive the operation.";--From the foreword by Arthur C. Danto

Aesthetics, Modern. --- Art --- Philosophy. --- Aesthetic Theory. --- Aestheticism. --- Aesthetics. --- Age of Enlightenment. --- Antinomy. --- Archetype. --- Art for art's sake. --- Arthur Schopenhauer. --- Avant-garde. --- Classicism. --- Concept. --- Consciousness. --- Critical philosophy. --- Culture industry. --- Determination. --- Explanatory model. --- Figurative art. --- Fine art. --- First principle. --- Genre. --- Historicism. --- Historicity. --- Historicization. --- Idealism. --- Idealization. --- Imagination. --- Intellectualization. --- Literariness. --- Literature. --- Martin Heidegger. --- Modern art. --- Modernity. --- Neoplatonism. --- Novalis. --- Objective idealism. --- Ontic. --- Ontology. --- Phenomenon. --- Philosopher. --- Philosophy. --- Poetry. --- Politique. --- Positivism. --- Postmodernism. --- Potentiality and actuality. --- Pre-established harmony. --- Precognition. --- Realism (arts). --- Reality. --- Reason. --- Relativism. --- Religion. --- Romanticism. --- Scholasticism. --- Scientism. --- Secularization. --- Solipsism. --- Spinozism. --- Subjectivism. --- The Soul of the World. --- The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction. --- Theodicy. --- Theory of Forms. --- Theory of art. --- Theory. --- Thought. --- Transcendental idealism. --- Truism. --- Volksgeist. --- Work of art.

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Beginning with Jung's earliest correspondence to associates of the psychoanalytic period and ending shortly before his death, the 935 letters selected for these two volumes offer a running commentary on his creativity. The recipients of the letters include Mircea Eliade, Sigmund Freud, Esther Harding, James Joyce, Karl Kernyi, Erich Neumann, Maud Oakes, Herbert Read, Upton Sinclair, and Father Victor White.

Psychoanalysts --- Jung, C. G. --- A priori and a posteriori. --- Alfred Kubin. --- Alhazen. --- Analytical psychology. --- Anthroposophy. --- Archetype. --- Arthur Schopenhauer. --- Book of Revelation. --- British Psychoanalytical Society. --- Carl Jung. --- Categorical imperative. --- Christian Knorr von Rosenroth. --- Christiana Morgan. --- Code word (figure of speech). --- Confessio Amantis. --- Confucius. --- Consciousness. --- Creative Evolution (book). --- Critical philosophy. --- De Coelesti Hierarchia. --- Docetism. --- Education. --- Emil Kraepelin. --- Emma Jung. --- English poetry. --- Epigram. --- Eranos. --- Ernst Kretschmer. --- Erwin Rohde. --- Eugen Bleuler. --- Ezra Pound. --- Foras. --- G. (novel). --- George Ripley (transcendentalist). --- God Knows (novel). --- God. --- Guglielmo Ferrero. --- Heinrich Zimmer. --- Helton Godwin Baynes. --- Henri Bergson. --- Herbert Read. --- Herbert Silberer. --- Hermann Broch. --- Individuation. --- Jacob Burckhardt. --- Jakob Lorber. --- James Oppenheim. --- Johann Peter Eckermann. --- Juvenal. --- Karl Barth. --- Laurence Sterne. --- Lecture. --- Libido. --- Ludwig Binswanger. --- Ludwig Klages. --- M. R. James. --- Mahayana. --- Martin Heidegger. --- Master of the World (novel). --- Max Scheler. --- Meister Eckhart. --- Mendelian inheritance. --- Mysterium Coniunctionis. --- Neoplatonism. --- Neurosis. --- Niels Bohr. --- Nominalism. --- Of Education. --- Paracelsus. --- Paul Brunton. --- Philosophy. --- Profession. --- Psychoanalysis. --- Psychology and Alchemy. --- Psychology. --- Psychotherapy. --- Puritans. --- Religion. --- Ronald Coase. --- Rudolf Steiner. --- Samuel Hahnemann. --- Scholasticism. --- Sigmund Freud. --- Soziologie. --- Subjectivism. --- Superiority (short story). --- Sutra. --- Symbole. --- Søren Kierkegaard. --- Taoism. --- Theology. --- Thomas Aquinas. --- Thought. --- Thus Spoke Zarathustra. --- Transcendentalism. --- Urizen. --- Victor White (priest). --- Vladimir Nabokov. --- Wilhelm Fliess. --- Wissenschaft.