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sociology --- research --- sociological imaginings --- racial socialization --- cultural differences --- welfare programs --- aging --- inequality --- race --- global stratification --- social movements

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Objectif : L’objectif principal de cette recherche est d’évaluer les mécanismes de résilience mis en place après un accident sportif et l’influence de la culture du pays et du sport sur ceux-ci. Plus précisément, nous avons tenté d’observer l’existence d’un lien entre les scores de résilience de nos participants ayant subi un traumatisme physique lors de leur pratique sportive et leur culture auto-évaluée. Nous avons ainsi comparé les valeurs sous-tendues par les participants provenant de Belgique et de France aux valeurs des participants provenant des Etats-Unis et du Canada. Nous avons également comparé les valeurs des participants pratiquant un sport individuel à celles des participants pratiquant un sport collectif. 

Méthodologie : La récolte de données s’est déroulée via Internet et nous a permis de récolter 167 participations. Différents outils ont été utilisés afin de diffuser notre questionnaire et recruter nos participants. Ceux-ci ont été amenés à compléter le questionnaire des valeurs par portraits de Schwartz (PVQ-21, Shalom H. Schwartz, 2001), l’échelle d’impact de l’événement version révisée (IES-R, Brunet, A., St-Hilaire, A., Jehel, L. & King, S., 2003) /Impact of events scale-Revised (IES-R, Weiss, D. & Marmar, C., 1996) ainsi que l’échelle de résilience de Connor et Davidson (CD-RISC-25, Connor & Davidson, 2003). Notre échantillon est composé de sportifs majeurs, tout-venants, de tout niveau et ayant déjà vécu un accident au sein de leur pratique sportive. Nous retrouvons évidemment au sein de l’échantillon différentes nationalités propres aux participants (Belgique, Canada, France, Etats-Unis, Egypte et Congo) et résidant en Belgique, France, Etats-Unis ou Canada. 

Résultats : Bien que nous n’avons pu confirmer l’entièreté de nos hypothèses principales, nos résultats démontrent plusieurs relations significatives entre la nationalité de nos différents participants, leur score total à l’échelle de résilience de Connor et Davidson (2003), et certaines sous-dimensions de ce même questionnaire. Des différences culturelles, non seulement en fonction du lieu de résidence, mais aussi de la nationalité ont pu être mises en évidence grâce au questionnaire des valeurs par portraits (Schwartz, 2001). En reliant ces deux thématiques, nous nous apercevons que les valeurs culturelles sous-tendues par nos participants semblent pouvoir expliquer les différences de scores de résilience présentes au sein de notre échantillon. Nous n’avons cependant retrouvé au cours de cette recherche ni un effet du type de sport pratiqué, ni du traumatisme subi par leur accident sportif. 

Conclusion : Ce mémoire de recherche a permis d’associer trois thématiques centrales peu associées actuellement au sein de la littérature. Le fait que ce sujet soit encore peu abordé a donné à notre étude un versant davantage exploratoire. Au niveau scientifique, il semblerait donc que cette étude nous ait apporté de nouvelles pistes informatives ainsi que de nouvelles perspectives futures à explorer. Les résultats obtenus nous ont permis notamment de pouvoir répondre à notre question de recherche principale qui postulait des différences au niveau du score de résilience en fonction de la culture des participants en mettant en évidence des scores divergents selon les valeurs culturelles, la nationalité et le lieu de résidence de ceux-ci.

résilience --- traumatisme --- athlètes --- culture --- sport --- accident sportif --- culture du sport --- culture du pays --- mécanismes de résilience --- resilience --- sport injuries --- traumatism --- cultural differences --- resilience mechanisms --- sport --- athletes --- Sciences sociales & comportementales, psychologie > Multidisciplinaire, généralités & autres

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A straightforward guide to understanding the hidden cultural challenges of adapting to life abroad. Combining intercultural theory and the voices of sojourners who talk about their experiences, it maps out the process of resisting, accepting and adapting to cultural difference. We see that all sojourners, from tourists, to expatriates to immigrants, go through a similar learning dynamic. We learn that intercultural experiences can be deep or shallow, and that hidden cultural difference can increase sojourner prejudice. The book examines intercultural sensitivity while avoiding “feel good” idealizations about cross-cultural contact. It brings clarity to debates regarding the importance of cultural difference and the effects of globalization. An essential resource for sojourners, language teachers and intercultural educators.

Intercultural communication. --- Multicultural education. --- Language and languages --- Study and teaching. --- Foreign language study --- Language and education --- Language schools --- Intercultural education --- Education --- Culturally relevant pedagogy --- Cross-cultural communication --- Communication --- Culture --- Cross-cultural orientation --- Cultural competence --- Multilingual communication --- Technical assistance --- Anthropological aspects --- Culturally sustaining pedagogy --- Language and languages Study and teaching --- Study and teaching --- cultural differences. --- global mobility. --- globalisation. --- intercultural communication. --- intercultural learning. --- migration.

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Throughout the middle ages, many Francophone texts - 'chansons de geste', medieval romance, works by Chrétien de Troyes and Marie de France - were widely translated in north-western Europe. In the process, these texts were frequently transformed to reflect the new cultures in which they appeared. This book argues that such translations, prime sites for cultural movement and encounters, provide a rich opportunity to study linguistic and cultural identity both in and through time. Via a close comparison of a number of these texts, examining the various modifications made, and drawing on a number of critical discourses ranging from post-colonial criticism to translation theory, the author explores the complexities of cultural dialogue and dissent. This approach both recognises and foregrounds the complex matrix of influence, resistance and transformations within the languages and cultural traditions of medieval Europe, revealing the undercurrents of cultural conflict apparent in medieval textuality. Sif Rikhardsdottir is Lecturer in Comparative Literature at the University of Iceland.

Romances --- Literature, Medieval --- Civilization, Medieval. --- Civilization, Medieval --- Medieval civilization --- Middle Ages --- Civilization --- Chivalry --- Renaissance --- Chivalric romances --- Courtly romances --- French romances --- Medieval romances --- Romances, French --- Romans courtois --- French literature --- History and criticism. --- History --- History and criticism --- Translations --- European literature --- Medieval literature --- Chrétien de Troyes. --- Cultural Discourse. --- England. --- European languages. --- France. --- Francophone texts. --- Marie de France. --- Medieval French texts. --- Medieval Translations. --- Movement of Texts. --- Scandinavia. --- chansons de geste. --- cultural conflict. --- cultural dialogue. --- cultural differences. --- linguistic identity. --- literary transformations. --- medieval Europe. --- medieval romance. --- medieval textuality. --- translation.

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Migrants in Translation is an ethnographic reflection on foreign migration, mental health, and cultural translation in Italy. Its larger context is Europe and the rapid shifts in cultural and political identities that are negotiated between cultural affinity and a multicultural, multiracial Europe. The issue of migration and cultural difference figures as central in the process of forming diverse yet unified European identities. In this context, legal and illegal foreigners-mostly from Eastern Europe and Northern and Sub-Saharan Africa-are often portrayed as a threat to national and supranational identities, security, cultural foundations, and religious values. This book addresses the legal, therapeutic, and moral techniques of recognition and cultural translation that emerge in response to these social uncertainties. In particular, Migrants in Translation focuses on Italian ethno-psychiatry as an emerging technique that provides culturally appropriate therapeutic services exclusively to migrants, political refugees, and victims of torture and trafficking. Cristiana Giordano argues that ethno-psychiatry's focus on cultural identifications as therapeutic-inasmuch as it complies with current political desires for diversity and multiculturalism-also provides a radical critique of psychiatric, legal, and moral categories of inclusion, and allows for a rethinking of the politics of recognition.

Ethnopsychology --- Immigrants --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Cultural assimilation --- Anthropology --- Socialization --- Acculturation --- Cultural fusion --- Emigration and immigration --- Minorities --- Emigrants --- Foreign-born population --- Foreign population --- Foreigners --- Migrants --- Persons --- Aliens --- Cross-cultural psychology --- Ethnic groups --- Ethnic psychology --- Folk-psychology --- Indigenous peoples --- National psychology --- Psychological anthropology --- Psychology, Cross-cultural --- Psychology, Ethnic --- Psychology, National --- Psychology, Racial --- Race psychology --- Psychology --- National characteristics --- Mental health --- Psychological aspects. --- contemporary italy. --- cultural differences. --- cultural identity. --- cultural translation. --- eastern european immigrants. --- ethno psychiatry. --- ethnographers. --- ethnography. --- europe. --- european identity. --- foreign migration. --- italy. --- mental health. --- migrant experience. --- modern history. --- multicultural society. --- multiculturalism. --- multiracial. --- national identity. --- north african immigrants. --- political identity. --- political refugees. --- religious values. --- social historians. --- sub saharan african immigrants.