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The stories behind drug discovery are fascinating, full of human and scientific interest. This is a book on the history of drug discovery that highlights the intellectual splendor of discoverers as well as the human frailty associated with them. History is replete with examples of breakthrough medicines that have saved millions of lives. Ether as an anesthetic by Morton; penicillin as an antibiotic by Fleming; and insulin as an anti-diabetic by Banting are just a few examples. The discoverers of these medicines are doubtlessly benefactors to mankind - for instance, without penicillin, 75% of us probably would not be alive because some of our parents or grandparents would have succumbed to infections. The text is supplemented by many anecdotes, pictures and postage stamps.

Drugs --- Nitrous oxide. --- Sildenafil. --- Viagra (Trademark) --- Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases --- Laughing-gas --- Anesthetics --- Nitrogen oxides --- Medicaments --- Medications --- Medicine (Drugs) --- Medicines (Drugs) --- Pharmaceuticals --- Prescription drugs --- Bioactive compounds --- Medical supplies --- Pharmacopoeias --- Chemotherapy --- Materia medica --- Pharmacology --- Pharmacy --- Inhibitors

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Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are promising targets for pharmacological intervention. Multiple PDE genes, isoform diversity, selective expression and compartmentation of the isoforms, and an array of conformations of PDE proteins are properties that challenge development of drugs that selectively target this class of enzymes. Novel characteristics of PDEs are viewed as unique opportunities to increase specificity and selectivity when designing novel compounds for certain therapeutic indications. This chapter provides a summary of the major concepts related to the design and use of PDE inhibitors.

Chemical structure --- cytologie --- Clinical chemistry --- biochemie --- Histology. Cytology --- moleculaire structuur --- General biochemistry --- biosynthese --- genetische manipulatie --- massaspectrometrie --- toxicologie --- polypeptiden --- aminozuren --- eiwitten --- Pharmacology. Therapy --- medische chemie --- Organic spectroscopy --- Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases. --- Drug targeting. --- Toxicology. --- Biochemistry. --- Enzymes. --- Post-translational modification . --- Cell physiology. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Medicinal Chemistry. --- Protein Structure. --- Enzymology. --- Posttranslational Modification. --- Cell Physiology. --- Cell function --- Cytology --- Physiology --- Co-translational modification --- Cotranslational modification --- Modification, Post-translational --- Post-translation protein modification --- Post-translational protein modification --- Posttranslation protein modification --- Posttranslational modification --- Posttranslational protein modification --- Genetic translation --- Proteins --- Biocatalysts --- Ferments --- Soluble ferments --- Catalysts --- Enzymology --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Chemicals --- Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Synthesis --- Composition --- Toxicology --- Pharmacology. --- Medicinal chemistry. --- Proteins . --- Posttranslational modification. --- Biochemistry --- Enzymes --- Proteids --- Biomolecules --- Polypeptides --- Proteomics --- Chemistry, Medical and pharmaceutical --- Chemistry, Pharmaceutical --- Drug chemistry --- Drugs --- Medical chemistry --- Medicinal chemistry --- Pharmacochemistry --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Chemotherapy --- Pharmacy --- Physiological effect