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Social costs. Social benefits --- Development aid. Development cooperation --- Third World: economic development problems --- Developing countries --- Economic development projects --- Finance --- Developing countries: economic development problems --- Economic development projects - Developing countries - Finance

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Hygiene. Public health. Protection --- Sociology of health --- Developing countries --- Insurance, Health --- Rural poor --- Risk management --- Developing Countries --- Health Services Accessibility --- Medical care --- Finance --- economics --- 14.02 --- Microfinanciering en -verzekeringen ; Ziekte --- Insurance, Health - Developing countries --- Rural poor - Medical care - Developing countries - Finance --- Risk management - Developing countries --- Insurance, Health - economics

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The growth of urban areas and population in middle and low income countries is a continuing trend. Urbanization expands as rural to urban migration offers better income opportunities in cities. This trend is both a source of development opportunities and challenges for the housing sector. On the one hand, housing is a large and growing market, and on the other, massive slums confirm the poor housing conditions in many developing countries. These adverse conditions mirror inadequate housing policies, inefficient or absent property registration, as well as limits to access to housing finance. Provision of affordable housing is therefore an important topic in the fight against poverty. This book focuses on solutions that improve the enabling environment for the poor in accessing housing finance. It explores how to develop and integrate housing finance into a sustainable financial system for developing countries and offers ways in which low-income families can obtain better access to housing finance. This book provides a conceptual framework for housing finance development and addresses practical solutions in the provision of housing finance and compares different approaches. The global financial crisis which originated in the US sub-prime housing market has not altered the underlying reality of global housing finance: the majority of people in developing countries still do not have access to formal housing finance. Nor has it answered the biggest question: how can they be served in a sustainable way? Connecting this unserved group to appropriate housing finance products through robust financial systems must remain a top policy priority if these nations are to enjoy long term, broad-based economic growth. It is also a great opportunity for new and existing housing finance providers. DAVID PORTEOUS, Director, Bankable Frontier Associates Where property in the form of private homes is secure, people can focus on work rather than protecting their property. One of the major effects of the property rights reform driven by Hernando de Soto in Peru put more children into school. Why? Adults spent less time safeguarding their property and could search for and find better jobs. This enabled them to send their children to school. Houses are also important for those who start up businesses. The most practical source of finance beyond help from family and friends tends to be a mortgage on property. For a mortgage market to develop, banks have to be able to foreclose on property of those who cannot pay back. The obvious attractions of housing policy as a plank of social policy can also lead to policies that backfire, as the recent example of the United States shows. Housing finance is a major component of the fight against poverty. For property to yield all its benefits, institutional reforms are required – chief among them secure property rights for owners and enforceable creditor rights for financiers. Sensible regulations for zoning and construction also help. However, political pressure on banks to ignore the credit risk of home ownership or to cease foreclosures when things go wrong risks undermining sustainable housing finance. MICHAEL KLEIN, Consultant, Former Chief Economist International Finance Corporation (IFC).

Housing -- Developing countries -- Finance. --- Housing policy -- Developing countries. --- Housing --- Low-income housing --- Poor --- Business & Economics --- Economic Theory --- Real Estate, Housing & Land Use --- Finance --- Finance. --- Home finance --- Housing finance --- Macroeconomics. --- Development economics. --- Economics. --- Development Economics. --- Finance, general. --- Macroeconomics/Monetary Economics//Financial Economics. --- Economics --- Funding --- Funds --- Currency question --- Economic development

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'The Little Data Book on External Debt' provides a quick reference for users interested in external debt stocks and flows, major economic aggregates, key debt ratios, and the currency composition of long-term debt for all countries reporting through the Debtor Reporting system. A pocket edition of 'Global Development Finance 2011, Summary and Country Tables', it contains statistical tables for 135 countries as well as summary tables for regional and income groups.

Debts, External -- Developing countries -- Statistics -- Periodicals. --- Finance -- Statistics -- Developing countries -- Finance -- Statistics -- Periodicals. --- International finance -- Statistics -- Periodicals. --- Political Science --- Law, Politics & Government --- Public Finance --- Debts, External --- Finance --- International finance --- International monetary system --- International money --- Funding --- Funds --- Debts, Foreign --- Debts, International --- External debts --- Foreign debts --- International debts --- International economic relations --- Economics --- Currency question --- Debt --- Investments, Foreign

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Economic development --- Education --- Effect of education on --- Finance --- -Education --- -Children --- Education, Primitive --- Education of children --- Human resource development --- Instruction --- Pedagogy --- Schooling --- Students --- Youth --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- School management --- Economic conditions. Economic development --- Developing countries --- Economic development - Effect of education on --- Education - Developing countries - Finance