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The legal status of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people has undergone significant changes in several countries, but remains highly complex and difficult for those affected. Although same-sex partners may have the right to marry or enter into a registered partnership in one Member State, this legal relationship may not be recognised when they exercise their right to freedom of movement. The same is true for certain parent-child relationships, which may be recognised as such in one Member State but not another. This book explores the challenges and controversies concerning the recognition of same-sex relationships throughout the EU through the lens of EU legislation, the case law of the CJEU and ECtHR, and recent national developments. Following the Irish referendum and the recent ECtHR judgment in Oliari v Italy, more changes are expected in the near future. The opening part of the book describes the current state of play in all EU Member States (and beyond) when formalising a same-sex relationship, 'steady progress' being the key term in describing the developments in many countries (with the exception of six Eastern European states that object to legislation in this field). The second part concentrates on parenthood and children's rights, notably adoption, surrogacy, multiple parenting and the range of parenting rights for same-sex couples, transsexual and transgender people. The third part on gender identity and human rights discusses the legal aftermath of the European Court of Human Rights' judgment in Oliari, condemning Italy for failing to protect homosexuals' right to family life. Furthermore, it explains EU legislation against discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation and the challenges lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender applicants are confronted with when reaching Europe as refugees. The book ends with a lively debate on the right to change one's legal sex and raises the fundamental question whether we still need sex as a legal category. This book is written for both the academic and professional readership. About the editors: Prof Dr Katharina Boele-Woelki is Dean and Claussen Simon Professor of Comparative Law at Bucerius Law School, Hamburg. She is also President of the International Academy of Comparative Law; Member of the Curatorium of the Hague Academy of International Law; Chair of the Commission on European Family Law; and Vice- Chair of the International Advisory Board of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. Dr Angelika Fuchs is Head of Section in European Private Law at the Academy of European Law (ERA) in Trier.

Human rights --- Sociology of the family. Sociology of sexuality --- Family law. Inheritance law --- European Union --- Gay couples --- Same-sex marriage --- Civil unions --- Family law. --- Sexe. --- Homosexuals. --- Legal status, laws, etc --- Law and legislation --- European Union. --- BPB9999 --- Couples homosexuels --- Adoption homoparentale --- Homosexuels --- Parents homosexuels --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Statut juridique --- Droit --- Mariage --- BPB1802 --- Droit de la famille --- Union européenne --- Discrimination fondée sur l'orientation sexuelle --- Union libre --- Famille --- Union civile --- Discrimination sexuelle --- Familierecht --- Europese unie --- Discriminatie op grond van seksuele geaardheid --- Ongehuwd samenleven --- Gezin --- Geregistreerd samenwonen --- Discriminatie op grond van geslacht --- 347.62 --- 316.371 --- 316.371 Gender --- Gender --- 347.62 Huwelijksrecht. Huwelijksvoorwaarden. Huwelijksformaliteiten. Nietigheid, aanvechtbaarheid van het huwelijk. Rechten en plichten van echtgenoten --- Huwelijksrecht. Huwelijksvoorwaarden. Huwelijksformaliteiten. Nietigheid, aanvechtbaarheid van het huwelijk. Rechten en plichten van echtgenoten --- discriminatie op grond van geslacht --- sexuell diskriminering --- discriminazione sessuale --- spolna diskriminacija --- discriminare sexuală --- дискриминация по пол --- idirdhealú bunaithe ar ghnéas --- discriminação sexual --- sexual discrimination --- diskriminim seksual --- discriminación sexual --- διακρίσεις λόγω φύλου --- полна дискриминација --- sukupuolisyrjintä --- sexuelle Diskriminierung --- sexuálna diskriminácia --- diskriminazzjoni sesswali --- diskriminacija dėl lyties --- sooline diskrimineerimine --- diskriminace na základě pohlaví --- nemi megkülönböztetés --- seksuel diskrimination --- dyskryminacja ze względu na płeć --- diskriminācija dzimuma dēļ --- полова дискриминација --- seksisme --- diskriminim gjinor --- seksizmas --- gender discrimination --- полова нееднаквост --- sexuální diskriminace --- seksizam --- diskriminace žen --- nők elleni diszkrimináció --- diskriminim i grave --- Sexismus --- diskriminácia podľa pohlavia --- seksismi --- seksism --- sexismo --- dzimumu līdztiesības jautājumi --- sieviešu diskriminācija --- seksuālā diskriminācija --- sexism --- дискриминација на жени --- seksuele discriminatie --- seksizëm --- lyčių diskriminacija --- дискриминација врз основа на пол --- diskriminace mužů --- pohlavní diskriminace --- сексизам --- diskriminacija nad ženama --- discriminarea femeilor --- seksualna diskriminacija --- nők hátrányos megkülönböztetése --- dzimumdiskriminācija --- шовинизам --- diskriminazzjoni bbażata fuq is-sess --- seksualinė diskriminacija --- sessismo --- moterų diskriminacija --- lytinė diskriminacija --- discrimination against women --- kønsdiskrimination --- полова сегрегација --- sexisme --- unjoni ċivili --- регистрирано партнерство --- lidhje civile --- registrované partnerství --- unione civile --- občiansky zväzok --- αστική ένωση --- związek partnerski --- registrirana skupnost --- registreret partnerskab --- регистрована заједница --- registrerat partnerskap --- viendzimuma laulības --- rekisteröity parisuhde --- eingetragene Partnerschaft --- civilinė santuoka --- tsiviilpartnerlus --- civil union --- concubinaj oficial --- geregistreerd samenwonen --- регистрирано партньорство --- registrirana zajednica --- regisztrált élettársi jogviszony --- unión civil --- união civil --- PACS --- parteneriat înregistrat --- bejegyzett élettársi viszony --- homohuwelijk --- hivatalos élettársi viszony --- καταχωρημένη συμβίωση --- истополова заедница --- istospolna zajednica --- bejelentett élettársi viszony --- pakt občianskej solidarity --- δηλωμένη συμβίωση --- civilna zajednica --- patto civile di solidarietà --- officieel samenwonen --- pilietinio solidarumo paktas --- регистрирана заедница --- registrirano partnerstvo --- občanský svazek --- επίσημη ένωση των ομοφυλόφιλων --- pakt për solidaritet civil --- πολιτικό σύμφωνο αλληλεγγύης --- união de facto registada --- граѓанска заедница --- partenariato registrato --- občanská smlouva solidarity --- civil solidarity pact --- partenariat enregistré --- perhe --- familie --- gezin --- семейство --- породица --- perekond --- fine --- familia --- família --- Familie --- familje --- familja --- obitelj --- család --- семејство --- family --- famiglia --- familj --- rodina --- οικογένεια --- rodzina --- šeima --- ģimene --- družina --- klein gezin --- kernefamilie --- nukleáris család --- rodina s nezaopatřenými dětmi --- jadro rodiny --- ydinperhe --- ambiente familiare --- pamatģimene --- фамилија --- milieu familial --- családi élet --- семејно опкружување --- ambito familiare --- šeimos aplinka --- perekeskkond --- потесно семејство --- kärnfamilj --- perheympäristö --- Angehörige --- tuumperekond --- családmag --- familje bërthamore --- medio familiar --- rodinné prostředí --- mjedisi i familjes --- malá rodina --- familia nuclear --- gezinsmilieu --- family environment --- οικογενειακός πυρήνας --- famiglia nucleare --- ambiente familiar --- familjemiljö --- családi környezet --- οικογενειακό περιβάλλον --- rodinné prostredie --- pagrindinė šeima --- Familienangehörige --- nukleārā ģimene --- familiekreds --- gezinskern --- família nuclear --- mediu familial --- családtag --- nuclear family --- tėvai ir vaikai --- nukleární rodina --- orientační rodina --- famille nucléaire --- izvanbračna zajednica --- união livre --- вонбрачна заедница --- ongehuwd samenleven --- извънбрачно съжителство --- avoliitto --- άγαμη συμβίωση --- ванбрачна заједница --- sambo --- együttélés --- koabitazzjoni --- concubinaj --- freie Partnerschaft --- zunajzakonska skupnost --- papirløst samliv --- convivenza --- vabaabielu --- cohabitation --- kopdzīve --- nesantuokinis gyvenimas --- nesezdané soužití --- unión libre --- wspólne pożycie --- bashkëjetesë --- spolužitie bez manželského zväzku --- buitenechtelijke partner --- nesantuokinė partnerystė --- konsensuální svazek --- bashkëshorte informale --- sammanboende --- famille de fait --- izvanbračni drug --- famiglia di fatto --- samvetsäktenskap --- nereģistrētās kopdzīves partnere --- družka --- nereģistrētās kopdzīves partneris --- nem hivatalos élettársi viszony --- faktiline abikaasa --- unión consensual --- Konkubinat --- union consensuelle --- Partnerschaft ohne Trauschein --- concubinage --- samlever --- samboende --- невенчан партнер --- pareja no institucionalizada --- avomies --- sugyventinė --- вонбрачен однос --- faktische Familie --- izvanbračni partner --- personne en concubinage --- unione libera --- нерегистриран брак --- vrije liefde --- common-law wife --- bashkëshort informal --- nesantuokinė sąjunga --- bashkëjetesë jomartesore --- pareja de hecho --- Lebensgefährtin --- άγαμο ζεύγος --- pareja no casada legalmente --- ελεύθερη ένωση --- non-matrimonial union --- família de facto --- nemanželský zväzok --- uniune nonmaritală --- souložnictví --- házasságon kívüli együttélés --- druh --- Lebensgefährte --- volná láska --- samboförhållande --- feitelijk gezin --- unione consensuale --- non-marital union --- nereģistrēta kopdzīve --- vabaabielunaine --- συμβίωση χωρίς γάμο --- вонбрачен другар --- união por acordo mútuo --- вонбрачен партнер --- bashkim jomartesor --- concubinaat --- izvanbračni supružnik --- Zusammenleben ohne Trauschein --- vabaabielumees --- avovaimo --- συναινετική συμβίωση --- конкубинат --- samenwonen --- sugyventinis --- nem hivatalos élettársi kapcsolat --- familia de hecho --- união de facto --- nemanželský svazek --- common-law husband --- mitteabieluline kooselu --- konkubinát --- неформален брак --- concubinato --- forskelsbehandling på grund af seksuel orientering --- diskriminazzjoni abbażi tal-orjentament sesswali --- discriminación basada en la orientación sexual --- diskriminācija dzimumorientācijas dēļ --- diskriminacija dėl seksualinės orientacijos --- дискриминация на основата на сексуална ориентация --- дискриминација по основ на сексуална ориентација --- diskriminacija na podlagi spolne usmerjenosti --- könsdiskriminering --- discriminatie op grond van seksuele geaardheid --- dyskryminacja ze względu na orientację seksualną --- diskriminácia na základe sexuálnej orientácie --- дискриминација по основу сексуалног опредељења --- szexuális beállítottság szerinti megkülönböztetés --- discriminazione basata sulle tendenze sessuali --- discriminare bazată pe orientarea sexuală --- diskrimineerimine seksuaalse sättumuse alusel --- Diskriminierung aufgrund der sexuellen Orientierung --- diskriminacija zbog spolne opredijeljenosti --- discriminação baseada na orientação sexual --- diskriminim për shkak të orientimit seksual --- διακρίσεις λόγω σεξουαλικού προσανατολισμού --- discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation --- seksuaaliseen suuntautuneisuuteen perustuva syrjintä --- diskriminace na základě sexuální orientace --- homoseksuālu personu diskriminācija --- diskriminace sexuálních menšin --- discriminazione degli omosessuali --- discrimination against sexual minorities --- discriminarea homosexualilor --- homoseksualų diskriminacija --- seksuaalvähemuste diskrimineerimine --- discriminação dos homossexuais --- diskriminering av homosexuella --- seksualinių mažumų diskriminacija --- forskelsbehandling af homoseksuelle --- discrimination envers les homosexuels --- diskriminacija zbog seksualne orijentacije --- Diskriminierung von Homosexuellen --- discriminación de las minorías sexuales --- discriminação das minorias sexuais --- сексуална дискриминација --- seksuālo minoritāšu diskriminācija --- дискриминација на сексуални малцинства --- discriminatie op grond van het behoren tot een seksuele minderheid --- discriminación de los homosexuales --- дискриминација на хомосексуалци --- diskriminace homosexuálů --- discriminatie van homoseksuelen --- forskelsbehandling af seksuelle minoriteter --- diskriminim i homoseksualëve --- discrimination against homosexuals --- διακρίσεις εις βάρος σεξουαλικών μειονοτήτων --- homoszexuálisokkal szembeni megkülönböztető bánásmód --- homoseksuaaleja koskeva syrjintä --- discriminazione nei confronti delle persone omosessuali --- διακρίσεις εις βάρος των ομοφυλοφίλων --- diskriminim i pakicave seksuale --- discriminarea minorităților sexuale --- Europese Unie --- Europska unija --- União Europeia --- Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση --- Európska únia --- Európai Unió --- Europäische Union --- Europos Sąjunga --- Evropská unie --- Европска унија --- Unjoni Ewropea --- Европейски съюз --- Europeiska unionen --- Euroopan unioni --- Eiropas Savienība --- Unión Europea --- Evropska unija --- Unia Europejska --- Unione europea --- Uniunea Europeană --- Den Europæiske Union --- Европска Унија --- Euroopa Liit --- an tAontas Eorpach --- Bashkimi Europian --- Sąjungos institucija --- Sąjungos teisė --- právo Únie --- νόμος της Ένωσης --- Savienības tiesības --- wet van de Unie --- legge dell'Unione --- Europæisk Union --- unionslagstiftning --- atto dell'Unione --- AE --- loi de l'Union --- EU --- e drejta e Bashkimit --- ЕУ --- lege a Uniunii Europene --- Union law --- liġi tal-familja --- οικογενειακό δίκαιο --- obiteljsko pravo --- Derecho de familia --- perekonnaõigus --- perhelainsäädäntö --- ģimenes tiesības --- family law --- prawo rodzinne --- familjerätt --- семејно право --- družinsko pravo --- e drejta e familjes --- rodinné právo --- породично право --- familierecht --- familieret --- Familienrecht --- šeimos teisė --- семейно право --- dlí teaghlaigh --- dreptul familiei --- családjog --- diritto di famiglia --- direito da família --- Anerkennung der Mutterschaft --- zákon o rodině --- родителско право --- Gay rights --- Droits --- teaghlach --- comhchónaí --- idirdhealú bunaithe ar ghnéaschlaonadh --- cumann sibhialta --- Danemark --- Norvège --- Suède --- Islande --- Finlande --- Hongrie --- Estonie --- Belgique --- France --- Pays-Bas --- Luxembourg --- Irlande --- Pologne --- Lettonie --- Autriche --- Allemagne --- Royaume-Uni --- Espagne --- Portugal --- Bulgarie --- Lituanie --- Italie --- Grèce --- Croatie --- Slovénie --- République tchèque --- Roumanie --- Slovaquie --- Union européenne --- Discrimination fondée sur l'orientation sexuelle --- Domestic partners --- Gay male couples --- Homosexual couples --- Same-sex couples --- Couples --- Gay marriage --- Homosexual marriage --- Lesbian marriage --- Same-sex unions --- Marriage