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In sixteen essays authors explore the dramatic rise in the efficiency of European shipping in the three centuries before the Industrial Revolution. They offer reasons for the greater success of the sector than any other in making better use of labor. They describe the roots - political, organizational, technological, ecological, human - of rising productivity, treating those sources both theoretically and empirically. Comparisons with China show why Europeans came to dominate Asian waters. Building on past research, the volume is a statement of what is known about that critical sector of the early modern European economy and indicates the contribution shipping made to the emergence of the West as the dominant force on the oceans of the world.
Shipping --- World history --- Labor productivity --- Economic development --- Stevedores --- Transports maritimes --- Productivité --- Développement économique --- Débardeurs --- History. --- History --- Histoire --- Economic development - Europe - History. --- Economic development -- Europe -- History. --- Labor productivity - Europe - History. --- Labor productivity -- Europe -- History. --- Shipping -- Europe -- History. --- Shipping - Europe - History. --- Stevedores - Europe - History. --- Stevedores -- Europe -- History. --- Business & Economics --- Transportation Economics --- Productivité --- Développement économique --- Débardeurs --- Dock hands --- Dockers --- Dockhands --- Dockworkers --- Longshore workers --- Longshoremen --- Shore porters --- Waterfront workers --- Waterside workers --- Wharf labourers --- Wharfies --- Wharfys --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Labor output --- Productivity of labor --- Marine shipping --- Marine transportation --- Maritime shipping --- Ocean --- Ocean traffic --- Ocean transportation --- Sea transportation --- Shipping industry --- Water transportation --- Economic aspects --- Harbor personnel --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Industrial productivity --- Capital productivity --- Hours of labor --- Labor time --- Productivity bargaining --- Communication and traffic --- Marine service --- Transportation --- Merchant marine
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Why Europe Grew Rich and Asia Did Not provides a striking new answer to the classic question of why Europe industrialised from the late eighteenth century and Asia did not. Drawing significantly from the case of India, Prasannan Parthasarathi shows that in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the advanced regions of Europe and Asia were more alike than different, both characterized by sophisticated and growing economies. Their subsequent divergence can be attributed to different competitive and ecological pressures that in turn produced varied state policies and economic outcomes. This account breaks with conventional views, which hold that divergence occurred because Europe possessed superior markets, rationality, science or institutions. It offers instead a groundbreaking rereading of global economic development that ranges from India, Japan and China to Britain, France and the Ottoman Empire and from the textile and coal industries to the roles of science, technology and the state.
Arts and Humanities --- History --- Economic development --- History. --- Europe --- Asia --- Economic conditions. --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- 331.100 --- ASI / Asia - Azië - Asie --- EUR / Europe - Europa --- Economische geschiedenis: algemeenheden --- History of Europe --- History of Asia --- anno 1500-1799 --- anno 1800-1899 --- Renaissance. --- Economic conditions --- Economic development - Europe - History --- Economic development - Asia - History --- Europe - Economic conditions --- Asia - Economic conditions --- Développement économique --- Asie --- Histoire --- Conditions économiques
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