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The International Energy Agency's 2002 review of Turkey's energy policies and programmes.  This edition finds that Turkey aspires to link the oil- and gas-rich Caspian area to Western markets. Several pipelines through Turkey are nearing completion. The projects could enhance diversity and security of supply in consuming countries. They could also relieve the environmental strain of heavy ship traffic through the Bosporus. Numerous attempts have been made to open Turkey’s energy markets to competition and to ensure that energy supply grows in step with population and demand. Turkey has made early and extensive use of build-own-operate and build-own-transfer schemes to promote investment in power-plant capacity. In the last two years, decisive progress has been made. The concept of privatisation was introduced into the Turkish constitution. Legislation was adopted in February 2001 to allow competition in the electricity market and to adapt Turkey’s legislation for European Union membership. A new Gas Market Law was adopted in May 2001, despite the macro-economic turmoil that Turkey has experienced since late 2000. These reforms must now be implemented. Turkey’s carbon emissions are growing rapidly. They will grow even faster if coal use quadrupled by 2020, as the government expects. Air pollution is also a significant problem. Turkey has not signed the United Nations’ Climate Convention. But the government aims to comply with the general provisions of the Convention and to exploit the country’s energy efficiency potential. These efforts should be reinforced.

OECD countries --- Energy policy --- Reviews --- Turkey --- Energy conservation -- Turkey. --- Energy consumption -- Turkey. --- Energy policy -- Turkey. --- Power resources -- Turkey.

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Turkey has been reforming its energy markets since the 1980s, culminating in two major bills in the early 2000s. The country has restructured electricity and natural gas markets, establishing an independent regulatory agency (EMRA) and passed legislation on renewable and nuclear energy. With these regulatory reforms, Turkey, as a candidate country for accession to the European Union (EU), has aimed to direct the energy markets to a more competitive environment in parallel with EU energy directives.  This book contains an analysis of regulatory reforms in Turkish energy markets (electricity, natural gas, renewable and nuclear energy), the impact of these reforms on country’s energy portfolio and role in global energy trade, especially between the EU, the Caspian, Caucasus, and Central Asia.  Finally, the book concludes with recommendations for Turkish energy policy.   The authors are expert scholars who have written extensively on Turkish regulatory reform and energy economics and who have broad knowledge of global energy market dynamics.  The book will be a unique guide for those concerned with the different areas of the Turkish economy and international audiences interested in energy markets of Turkey and surrounding regions, making the book of interest to not only researchers in academia but also industry practitioners, regulators and policy makers as well.

Energy industries -- Turkey. --- Energy policy -- Turkey. --- Industrial organization (Economic theory). --- Law - Non-U.S. --- Business & Economics --- Law, Politics & Government --- Economic Theory --- Law - Europe, except U.K. --- Energy policy --- Energy industries --- Energy and state --- Power resources --- State and energy --- Government policy --- Energy policy. --- Energy and state. --- Industrial organization. --- Environmental economics. --- Economics. --- Environmental Economics. --- Energy Policy, Economics and Management. --- Industrial Organization. --- Industries --- Industrial policy --- Energy conservation --- Organization --- Industrial concentration --- Industrial management --- Industrial sociology --- Economics --- Environmental quality --- Environmental aspects --- Economic aspects

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The International Energy Agency's review of Turkey's energy policies and programmes.  Following a summary of the conclusions and recommendations, the report surveys the general energy scene and energy policy in Turkey, looks at energy and the environment, reviews efforts to enhance energy efficiency, and then examines developments related to oil, natural gas, coal, renewable energy, and electricity.  The book closes with a look at Turkey's R&D efforts related to energy.  The book finds that Turkey has undertaken significant reforms to open energy markets, but needs to undertake further actions to see the process to a successful conclusion.  Turkey has been very active in international co-operation and has become an important energy corridor between east and west.  It has transposed many EU laws and regulations into its own national legislation and is in the process of synchronising its electricity network with the European grid.  It has also ratified the Framework Convention on Climate Change and is developing a climate change strategy.  But it needs to focus more on energy supply and conservation, do more to evaluate the cost effectiveness of its policies, and better co-ordinate policies across various government bodies.

Energy conservation -- Turkey. --- Energy consumption -- Turkey. --- Energy policy -- Turkey. --- Power resources -- Turkey. --- Business & Economics --- Industries --- Energy policy --- Energy conservation --- Power resources --- Energy consumption --- Energy industries --- Consumption of energy --- Energy efficiency --- Fuel consumption --- Fuel efficiency --- Energy --- Energy resources --- Power supply --- Conservation of energy resources --- Conservation of power resources --- Rational use of energy --- RUE (Rational use of energy) --- Energy and state --- State and energy --- Government policy --- Natural resources --- Energy harvesting --- Conservation of natural resources --- Recycling (Waste, etc.) --- Industrial policy --- Turkey