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National security --- Civil rights --- Sécurité nationale --- Droits de l'homme --- #SBIB:327.7H232 --- Europese Unie: binnenlands beleid en justitie

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International relations. Foreign policy --- European Union --- #SBIB:052.IO --- #SBIB:327.7H232 --- #SBIB:35H431 --- Europese Unie: binnenlands beleid en justitie --- Beleidssectoren: binnenlands beleid en justitie

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Migration. Refugees --- Human rights --- European law --- Asylum, Right of --- #SBIB:052.IO --- #SBIB:327.7H232 --- #SBIB:35H431 --- Europese Unie: binnenlands beleid en justitie --- Beleidssectoren: binnenlands beleid en justitie --- Asylum, Right of - European Union countries.

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This book provides a detailed assessment of the first 15 years of the European Commission against Racism and Intolerance. ECRI’s terms of reference deriving from the Vienna Plan of Action were to “review member States’ legislation, policies and other measures to combat racism, xenophobia, antisemitism and intolerance, and their effectiveness” and “propose further action at local, national and European level”. This book examines how ECRI has developed and fulfilled this mandate. It begins by looking at ECRI’s foundational years, which were pivotal to its future character, approach, working methods and activities. It then describes and closely examines the evolution of the three main prongs of ECRI’s work programme – country-by-country work, general themes and relations with civil society. Through this assessment, the author reveals the detailed, far-reaching and progressive body of jurisprudence that ECRI has produced – constituting a useful road map for actors seeking to address problems of racism and discrimination.

#SBIB:327.7H224 --- #SBIB:327.7H232 --- #SBIB:340H88 --- Europese Unie: andere instellingen (Rekenhof, Europees Gerechtshof, Comité van de Regio’s, Economisch en Sociaal Comité e.a.) --- Europese Unie: binnenlands beleid en justitie --- Internationaal recht: rechten van de mens

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The fight against corruption emerged as one of the most significant issues during the 2004 enlargement of the EU and gained even more importance with the accession of Romania and Bulgaria in 2007. In order to prepare candidate countries for membership, the EU found it necessary to create new institutions and mechanisms to address corruption. Patrycja Szarek-Mason traces the development of the EU anti-corruption framework, showing how recent enlargements transformed EU policy and highlighting inequities between the treatment of candidate countries and existing Member States. The experience gained during the 2004 enlargement led to a more robust anti-corruption stance during the accession of Bulgaria and Romania and will have implications for future enlargements of the EU. However, the framework can still be strengthened to address corruption adequately and promote higher standards among Member States, especially through greater use of 'soft law' in the form of mutually agreed, non-legally binding policy recommendations.

Political corruption --- Fraud --- European Union --- European Union. --- #SBIB:35H52 --- #SBIB:327.7H232 --- Boss rule --- Corruption (in politics) --- Graft in politics --- Malversation --- Political scandals --- Politics, Practical --- Corruption --- Misconduct in office --- Ethiek van bestuur en beleid --- Europese Unie: binnenlands beleid en justitie --- Corrupt practices --- E.U. --- Political corruption - European Union countries --- Fraud - European Union countries --- Pologne --- Bulgarie --- Roumanie --- Law --- General and Others