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De wereld van 3D printen is aan het veranderen naar een techniek die ook beschikbaar is voor de gewone consument. Om 3D printers meer toegankelijk te kunnen maken moet de kostprijs sterk naar omlaag en moet de kwaliteit verbeteren. Momenteel is het printmateriaal één van de grootste kosten bij een 3D printer. Als printmateriaal wordt bij huidige 3D printers steeds filament gebruikt, een kunststof draad vervaardigd uit granules. Deze masterproef onderzoekt de mogelijkheid om een compacte low-budget granule-extruder te ontwikkelen die het filament vervangt door de veel goedkopere granules. Met het oog op een implementatie in een 3D printer is een ontwerp opgesteld. Het RepRap project is hiervoor gebruikt als referentie. Voor een implementatie in een 3D printsysteem moet een extruder compact zijn en toch een stabiele werking hebben. Deze masterproef ontwikkeld en evalueert een dergelijk prototype. Resultaten tonen aan dat het prototype een stabiele werking heeft. Het gaat hier om een alleenstaand prototype. Voor werkelijke implementatie moet er verder onderzoek verricht worden en moet een verbeterd prototype getest worden als 3D printkop. Deze masterproef vormt een goede basis om dit te verwezenlijken. The world of 3D printing is changing to a technique which becomes available for ordinary consumers. To make 3D printing more accessible, the cost should be reduced strongly and the quality has to improve. Currently the printing materials are one of the biggest costs in a 3D printer. The 3D printers existing today all use filament as printing material. This is a plastic wire which is made from granules. This thesis examines the possibility to develop a compact low budget granule extruder which is capable of replacing the filament with much cheaper granules. With a view to an implementation in a 3D printer a design is drawn up. Therefor the RepRap project is used as reference. For an implementation in a 3D printing system, an extruder must be compact and still have a stable state of operation. In this thesis such a prototype is developed and evaluated. Results show that the prototype has a stable operation. It involves a standalone prototype. An actual implementation as a 3D printing head needs further research and demands an improved prototype to be tested. This thesis provides a good basis to achieve this.

3D printer. --- CAD - CAD. --- Extrusie. --- FDM. --- Granule-extruder. --- Kunststofverwerking - plastic processing. --- Low-budget. --- Productietechniek - production engineering. --- RepRap. --- T130-produktietechnologie. --- T210-toegepaste-plasticiteitsleer.

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Biographical note: Detlef Ridder hat langjährige Erfahrung im Bereich CAD und bereits zahlreiche Bücher zu AutoCAD, Inventor, Revit und ArchiCAD veröffentlicht. Er gibt Schulungen zu diesen Programmen und zu CNC und weiß daher, welche Themen für Einsteiger besonders wichtig sind. Long description:

Fusion --- Design --- CAD --- cae --- Konstruktion --- Modellierung --- CAM --- Simulation --- Autodesk --- fertigung --- buch --- Maker --- Rendering --- ingenieur --- 3d druck --- sculpting --- FDM --- Fräse --- mitp --- CNC --- 3d modelliung

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The family of technologies collectively known as additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, and often called 3D-printing technologies, is rapidly revolutionizing industrial production. AM’s potential to produce intricate and customized parts starting from a digital 3D model makes it one of the main pillars for the forthcoming Industry 4.0. Thanks to its advantages over traditional manufacturing methodologies, AM finds potential applicability in virtually all production fields. As a natural consequence of this, research in this field is primarily focused on the development of novel materials and techniques for 3D printing. This Special Issue of Technologies, titled “3D Printing Technologies”, aims at promoting the latest knowledge in materials, processes, and applications for AM. It is composed of six contributions, authored by influential scientists in the field of advanced 3D printing. The intended audience includes professors, graduate students, researchers, engineers and specialists working in the field of AM.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- electroless metallization --- catalysts --- 3D printing --- RS-333 alloy --- SLM 3DP --- in situ SEM tensile testing --- DIC analysis --- Ncorr --- poly(lactic acid) (PLA) --- shape-memory polymer (SMP) --- fused deposition modeling (FDM) --- infill pattern --- microrobots --- 3D printed --- drug delivery --- hydrogels --- alginate --- prototyping --- surface finishing --- physical vapor deposition --- mechanical properties --- composites --- fused deposition modeling --- surface quality --- chest wall --- surgery

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Concern around environmental issues facing society has grown significantly in recent years. Reduction in damages resulting from both industrial and domestic waste has become a key topic as a means to address environmental problems and the exhaustion of natural resources. Likewise, the use of materials of polymeric origin in applications such as tissue regeneration, controlled release of medicines, packaging, soil remediation, etc., makes the development of materials biodegradable in biological media increasingly important. Recently, significant progress has been achieved in the creation of biodegradable polymeric formulations with functionalities similar to those of non-biodegradable polymers, both of natural and of synthetic origin, extending their applicability to fields such as food packaging, electronics, production of health-related materials, agriculture, etc. In this context, biodegradable nanocomposites offer new and exciting possibilities. This book deals with the development of functional polymer nanocomposites that can undergo biodegradation in different media, including biological systems, soils, landfills, etc. Original and review articles covering aspects of polymer science and technology, such as synthesis, processing, characterization, properties, and applications of functional biodegradable nanocomposites for different applications, are included in this book.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- Materials science --- biodegradable --- biocompatible --- electronics --- nanocomposites --- polymer microgels --- hybrid microgels --- thermoresponsive --- rheology --- scaling theory --- fractal analysis --- poly(lactic acid) --- oligomeric lactic acid --- eco-friendly silver nanoparticles --- biopolymer properties --- antimicrobial activity --- packaging --- nanomaterials --- nanomedicine --- poly (lactic acid) --- shape memory properties --- biomedical --- thermoplastic polymer --- melt spinning --- thermoplastic yarn --- electric conductivity --- wearable textile --- biodegradable polymers --- coextrusion --- multilayer film --- barrier properties --- montmorillonite fillers --- 3D printing --- poly(lactic acid) (PLA) --- additive manufacturing (AM) --- fused deposition modeling (FDM) --- cellulose --- carbon nanoparticles --- n/a

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Significant research efforts are currently being undertaken in the field of natural and synthetic polymers for a range of biomedical applications. (Co)polymer molecular structure, topology, self-assemblies, biodegradation, and hydrophobicity are of biomaterial importance for intrinsically biocompatible polymer systems. This book is comprised of nine chapters, published previously as original research contributions of the Special Issue focused on advances in polymeric materials for biomedical applications. The authors of these contributions are predominantly from central European countries, Italy and the United Kingdom. The content of this book will be of interest to scientists, scholars and students working in this area of knowledge, reflecting the progress in the development of advanced natural and synthetic polymer biomaterials.

Technology: general issues --- fish gelatin --- citric acid --- electrospinning --- pH --- thermal treatment --- gelatin structure --- crosslinking degree --- dendrimer --- metallodendrimer --- acridine --- antimicrobial activity --- antibacterial cotton --- polystyrene --- nylon 6 --- electrospun fibers --- composite mesh --- proliferation --- roughness --- Ti6Al4V --- polydopamine --- antimicrobial peptides --- cathelicidin --- KR-12 --- polyhydroxyalkanoates --- oligo(3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxybenzoyloxymethyl)propionate) --- bioactive (co)oligoesters --- p-anisic acid derivatives --- hydrolytic degradation --- cosmetic delivery system --- ESI-MS --- multistage mass spectrometry --- whey protein isolate --- hydrogel --- tannic acid --- anticancer scaffold --- 3D printing --- fused deposition modelling (FDM) --- computer aided design (CAD) --- erosion test --- dissolution study --- dynamic light scattering (DLS) --- poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) --- immunomodulation --- cytokines --- RAW 264.7 --- phagocytosis --- cell internalization --- antifungal --- thymoquinone --- ocimene --- miramistin amphotericin b --- bacterial cellulose --- wound dressing