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Book
How to fall slower than gravity : and other everyday (and not so everyday) uses of mathematics and physical reasoning
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ISBN: 0691185026 Year: 2018 Publisher: Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press,

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Abstract

An engaging collection of intriguing problems that shows you how to think like a mathematical physicistPaul Nahin is a master at explaining odd phenomena through straightforward mathematics. In this collection of twenty-six intriguing problems, he explores how mathematical physicists think. Always entertaining, the problems range from ancient catapult conundrums to the puzzling physics of a very peculiar kind of glass called NASTYGLASS-and from dodging trucks to why raindrops fall slower than the rate of gravity. The questions raised may seem impossible to answer at first and may require an unexpected twist in reasoning, but sometimes their solutions are surprisingly simple. Nahin's goal, however, is always to guide readers-who will need only to have studied advanced high school math and physics-in expanding their mathematical thinking to make sense of the curiosities of the physical world.The problems are in the first part of the book and the solutions are in the second, so that readers may challenge themselves to solve the questions on their own before looking at the explanations. The problems show how mathematics-including algebra, trigonometry, geometry, and calculus-can be united with physical laws to solve both real and theoretical problems. Historical anecdotes woven throughout the book bring alive the circumstances and people involved in some amazing discoveries and achievements.More than a puzzle book, this work will immerse you in the delights of scientific history while honing your math skills.

Keywords

Mathematics --- Almost surely. --- Ambiguity. --- Antiderivative. --- Approximation error. --- Arthur C. Clarke. --- Binomial coefficient. --- Binomial theorem. --- Birthday problem. --- Calculation. --- Cauchy–Schwarz inequality. --- Center of mass (relativistic). --- Centrifugal force. --- Closed-form expression. --- Coefficient. --- Combination. --- Computational problem. --- Conjecture. --- Continued fraction. --- Contradiction. --- Coprime integers. --- Counterexample. --- Crossover distortion. --- Cubic function. --- Derivative. --- Detonation. --- Diameter. --- Dimensional analysis. --- Dirac delta function. --- Disquisitiones Arithmeticae. --- Dissipation. --- Energy level. --- Enola Gay. --- Equation. --- Error. --- Expected value. --- Fermat's Last Theorem. --- Fictitious force. --- G. H. Hardy. --- Geometry. --- Googol. --- Gravitational constant. --- Gravity. --- Grayscale. --- Harmonic series (mathematics). --- Hypotenuse. --- Instant. --- Integer. --- Inverse-square law. --- Irrational number. --- MATLAB. --- Mass ratio. --- Mathematical joke. --- Mathematical physics. --- Mathematical problem. --- Mathematician. --- Mathematics. --- Mean value theorem. --- Metric system. --- Minicomputer. --- Monte Carlo method. --- Natural number. --- Oliver Heaviside. --- Paul J. Nahin. --- Pauli exclusion principle. --- Periodic function. --- Phase transition. --- Prime factor. --- Prime number. --- Probability theory. --- Probability. --- Projectile. --- Pure mathematics. --- Quadratic equation. --- Quadratic formula. --- Quantity. --- Quantum mechanics. --- Quintic function. --- Random number. --- Random search. --- Random walk. --- Remainder. --- Resistor. --- Richard Feynman. --- Right angle. --- Second derivative. --- Simulation. --- Slant range. --- Small number. --- Special case. --- Square root. --- Summation. --- The Drunkard's Walk. --- Theorem. --- Thermodynamic equilibrium. --- Thought experiment. --- Trepidation (astronomy). --- Uniform distribution (discrete). --- Upper and lower bounds. --- Weightlessness. --- Zero of a function.


Book
Philosophy of physics : space and time
Author:
ISBN: 1400842336 1782689516 Year: 2012 Publisher: Princeton, New Jersey : Princeton University Press,

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This concise book introduces nonphysicists to the core philosophical issues surrounding the nature and structure of space and time, and is also an ideal resource for physicists interested in the conceptual foundations of space-time theory. Tim Maudlin's broad historical overview examines Aristotelian and Newtonian accounts of space and time, and traces how Galileo's conceptions of relativity and space-time led to Einstein's special and general theories of relativity. Maudlin explains special relativity with enough detail to solve concrete physical problems while presenting general relativity in more qualitative terms. Additional topics include the Twins Paradox, the physical aspects of the Lorentz-FitzGerald contraction, the constancy of the speed of light, time travel, the direction of time, and more. Introduces nonphysicists to the philosophical foundations of space-time theory Provides a broad historical overview, from Aristotle to Einstein Explains special relativity geometrically, emphasizing the intrinsic structure of space-time Covers the Twins Paradox, Galilean relativity, time travel, and more Requires only basic algebra and no formal knowledge of physics

Keywords

Space and time. --- Absolute rotation. --- Absolute time and space. --- Acceleration. --- Accelerometer. --- Affine transformation. --- Atomic clock. --- Axiom. --- Bucket argument. --- Calculation. --- Caloric theory. --- Cartesian coordinate system. --- Cauchy surface. --- Circular motion. --- Classical electromagnetism. --- Classical mechanics. --- Clock hypothesis. --- Clock. --- Closed timelike curve. --- Coordinate system. --- Curvature. --- Diagram (category theory). --- Diagram. --- Diffeomorphism. --- Dimension. --- Earth's rotation. --- Earth. --- Einstein field equations. --- Electromagnetic field. --- Electromagnetism. --- Equivalence principle. --- Euclidean geometry. --- Euclidean space. --- Event horizon. --- Explanation. --- Fictitious force. --- Galileo's ship. --- General relativity. --- Geometry. --- Gravitational lens. --- Gravitational wave. --- Gravity. --- Hole argument. --- Homogeneous space. --- Identity of indiscernibles. --- Indeterminism. --- Inertial frame of reference. --- Instant. --- Irreversible process. --- Isotropy. --- Light cone. --- Linear equation. --- Lorentz transformation. --- Mass. --- Mathematics. --- Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. --- Minkowski space. --- Modern physics. --- Net force. --- Newton's law of universal gravitation. --- Newton's laws of motion. --- Non-Euclidean geometry. --- Particle accelerator. --- Philosophy of physics. --- Physical body. --- Physical law. --- Physicist. --- Prediction. --- Princeton University Press. --- Pythagorean theorem. --- Quantity. --- Ray (optics). --- Real number. --- Relative velocity. --- Relativism. --- Relativity of simultaneity. --- Requirement. --- Result. --- Ricci curvature. --- Right angle. --- Right triangle. --- Rigid body. --- Second law of thermodynamics. --- Simultaneity. --- Spacetime. --- Special relativity. --- Stress–energy tensor. --- The Nature of Space and Time. --- Theoretical physics. --- Theory of relativity. --- Theory. --- Thermodynamic equilibrium. --- Thermodynamics. --- Tidal force. --- Time dilation. --- Time travel. --- Translational symmetry. --- Two-dimensional space. --- Universe. --- Vacuum solution (general relativity). --- Vacuum.

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