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Essences and essential oils industry --- Incense industry --- Frankincense --- Perfumes industry --- Huiles essentielles --- Encens --- Parfums --- History --- Congresses --- Industrie --- Histoire --- Congrès --- Arabian Peninsula --- Arabie (Péninsule) --- Commerce --- Perfumes --- Congrès --- Arabie (Péninsule) --- Perfumes - Congresses --- Commerce - Middle East - History

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In Civilizations of Ancient Iraq, Benjamin and Karen Foster tell the fascinating story of ancient Mesopotamia from the earliest settlements ten thousand years ago to the Arab conquest in the seventh century. Accessible and concise, this is the most current and authoritative book on the subject. With illustrations of important works of art and architecture in every chapter, the narrative traces the rise and fall of successive civilizations and peoples in Iraq over the course of millennia--from the Sumerians, Babylonians, and Assyrians to the Persians, Seleucids, Parthians, and Sassanians. Ancient Iraq was home to remarkable achievements. One of the birthplaces of civilization, it saw the world's earliest cities and empires, writing and literature, science and mathematics, monumental art, and innumerable other innovations. Civilizations of Ancient Iraqgives special attention to these milestones, as well as to political, social, and economic history. And because archaeology is the source of almost everything we know about ancient Iraq, the book includes an epilogue on the discovery and fate of its antiquities. Compelling and timely, Civilizations of Ancient Iraqis an essential guide to understanding Mesopotamia's central role in the development of human culture.

Civilization, Assyro-Babylonian. --- Assyria --- Babylonia --- Iraq --- Antiquities. --- Social life and customs. --- History --- Civilization, Assyro-Babylonian --- Assyro-Babylonian civilization --- Babylonian civilization --- Civilization, Babylonian --- Vavilonii︠a︡ --- Bavel --- Bābil --- Babylonien --- Sumer --- Afghanistan. --- Akkadian literature. --- Alexander the Great. --- Amorites. --- Amu Darya River. --- Annunitum. --- Archimedes screw. --- Assurbanipal. --- Assyriology. --- Babylon, site. --- Balikh River. --- Berlin Museum. --- British Museum. --- Carchemish. --- Chaldaean Catholics. --- Christianity. --- Damascius. --- Eannatum. --- Erlenmeyer Collection. --- Esarhaddon. --- Gaugamela. --- Gnosticism. --- Greek language. --- Hammurabi. --- Hassuna ware. --- Iraq Museum. --- Jeremiah. --- Jesus. --- Julius Caesar. --- Kudur-nahhunte. --- Lachish. --- Manishtusu. --- Nabopolassar. --- accounting. --- astronomy. --- bevel-rimmed bowls. --- caravanserais. --- chronicles. --- decipherment. --- domestication. --- education. --- families. --- fertility. --- frankincense. --- furniture. --- horoscopes. --- iconography. --- kudurrus. --- literacy. --- mathematics. --- minstrels.

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Many macro and micro species, from terrestrial and aquatic environments, produce structurally unique compounds and, in many countries, still are the primary sources of medicines. In fact, secondary metabolites are an important source of chemotherapeutic agents but are also lead compounds for synthetic modification and the optimization of biological activity. Therefore, the exploitation of secondary metabolites, or their inspired synthetic compounds, offers excellent opportunities for the pharmaceutical industry. This Medicines Special Issue focuses on the great potential of secondary metabolites for therapeutic application. The Special Issue contains 16 articles reporting relevant experimental results, and an overview of bioactive secondary metabolites, their biological effects, and new methodologies that improve and accelerate the process of obtained lead compounds with regard to new drug development. We would like to thank all 83 authors, from all over the world, for their valuable contributions to this Special Issue.

antitumor --- triterpenoids --- seaweeds --- diterpenes --- Boswellia --- antioxidant activity --- antiplasmodial --- Maytenus chiapensis --- phenolic derivatives --- secondary metabolites --- medicinal applications --- Malus x domestica --- pectin --- cytotoxic activity --- xanthine oxidase --- phytochemistry --- antioxidant --- Scabiosa --- sugars --- sargaquinoic acid --- pentacyclic triterpenoids --- analysis --- antimicrobial and anticancer activity --- iridoids --- Tuscany --- GC-MS --- (-)-rabdosiin --- kratom --- plant defense --- cembranoids --- tingenone --- deoxypodophyllotoxin --- anticancer --- pristimerin --- inflammation --- boswellic acids --- plants --- anti-inflammatory --- legalization --- Mitragyna speciosa --- Ocimum sanctum --- cordycepin --- cytotoxic --- medicine --- Artemisia species --- antimicrobial activity --- lignans --- Artemisia vachanica --- Cordyceps militaris --- frankincense --- ancient varieties --- sargahydroquinoic acid --- Tajikistan --- antiSMASH --- ABTS --- polyphenols --- therapeutics --- infectious diseases --- antibacterial --- nutraceutics --- total phenolics --- LC-MS/MS --- innate immunity --- HPLC-PAD --- sarganaphthoquinoic acid --- biosynthetic gene clusters --- DPPH --- EGCG --- cneorubenoids --- PPAR-? --- bowel diseases --- amentoflavone --- molecular docking --- sargachromenoic acid --- cannabinoids --- flavonoids --- essential oils --- TCM --- HPLC-PDA --- ascorbic acid --- antioxidants --- Lamiaceae --- nanoemulsion --- malaria --- therapeutic uses --- quinonemethide triterpenoids --- artemisinin --- natural products --- biological activities --- FRAP --- toxicology --- defensins --- Celastraceae --- cannabis --- vector control --- Juniperus --- analytical determination

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Essential oils extracted by the distillation or hydrodistillation of aromatic plants are a complex mixture of volatile compounds with several biological activities. Their efficacy as antimicrobial agents is related to the activity of several natural compounds belonging to different chemical families that can act both in synergy with each other and with other antibiotics. The antibiotic resistance detected among pathogens has been quickly increasing in recent years, and the control of some of these microorganisms is becoming a planetary emergency for human and animal health. The control of the microbial growth is a problem of great importance also for the food industry (food deterioration and shelf life extension) and for the world of cultural heritage (indoor and outdoor phenomena of biodeterioration). Essential oils can play an important role in this scenario, due their recognized broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Therefore, the main subject of this Special Issue includes an essential oil-based approach to control microrganisms in areas such as human and veterinary medicine, entomology, food industry and agriculture. In addition, the chemical composition of essential oils from endemic and rare medicinal/aromatic plants, nanoformulations of essential oils, applications in human and veterinary medicine and its use as animal feeding supplements are topics covered in this Special Issue

Technology: general issues --- extracellular polymeric substance matrix --- cellulose synthesis --- enzyme inhibition --- essential oils --- Boswellia sacra --- frankincense essential oil --- GC/MS analysis --- antimicrobial activity --- Staphylococcus aureus --- Pseudomonas aeruginosa --- Propionibacterium acnes --- Candida albicans --- Malassezia furfur --- lamb --- carvacrol --- monensin --- meat tenderness --- TBARS --- essential oil --- genetic --- RAPD --- thyme --- Thymus quinquecostatus --- Thymus vulgaris --- Penicillium rubens --- growth inhibition --- RNA microarray --- gene expression --- metabolic pathway analysis --- Ferula --- GC --- chemometrics --- antioxidant activity --- Acinetobacter baumannii --- MDR --- biofilm --- antimicrobial --- Pimenta --- Myrtaceae --- wound infection --- eugenol --- 1,8-cineole --- GC/MS --- Salmonella --- Origanum vulgare --- ciprofloxacin --- poultry farms --- pig farms --- Staphylococcus spp. --- human semen --- antimicrobial resistance --- rosewood --- linalool --- marine bacteria --- ABTS --- Trypanosoma cruzi --- cytotoxicity --- nitrite --- nitric oxide --- antifungal activity --- nanoencapsulation --- poly(ε-caprolactone) --- Thymus capitatus --- Satureja montana --- Lavandula angustifolia --- Lavandula intermedia --- Origanum hirtum --- Monarda didyma --- Monarda fistulosa --- Alternaria alternata --- cucurbits --- Cymbopogon citratus --- GC-MS --- Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum --- n/a

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Matthew's Gospel reveals little about the three wealthy visitors said to have presented gifts to the infant Jesus. Yet hundreds of generations of Christians have embellished that image of the Three Kings or Magi for a myriad of social and political as well as spiritual purposes. Here Richard Trexler closely examines how this story has been interpreted and used throughout the centuries. Biblically, the Journey of the Magi presents a positive image of worldly power, depicting the faithful in progress toward their God and conveying the importance of the gift-giving laity as legitimators of their deity. With this in mind, Trexler explains in particular how Western societies have molded the story to describe and augment their own power--before the infant God and among themselves.The author demonstrates how the magi as a group functioned in Christian society. For example, magi plays, processions, and images taught people how to pray and behave in reverential contexts; they featured monarchs and heads of republics who enacted the roles of the magi to legitimate their rule; and they constrained native Americans to fall in line behind the magi to instill in them loyalty toward the European world order. However, Trexler also shows these philosopher-kings as competitive among each other, as were groups of different ages, races, and genders in society at large. Originally modeled on representations of the Roman triumphs, the magi have reached the present day as street children wearing crowns of cardboard, proving again the universality of the image for constructing, reinforcing, and even challenging a social hierarchy.Originally published in 1997.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Magi --- Mages --- Cult --- History --- Culte --- Histoire --- History. --- 225*13 --- -Three Kings (Magi) --- Three Wise Men (Magi) --- Wise Men (Magi) --- Epiphany --- Kindsheidevangeliën. Verborgen leven van Jezus --- -History --- -Kindsheidevangeliën. Verborgen leven van Jezus --- 225*13 Kindsheidevangeliën. Verborgen leven van Jezus --- -225*13 Kindsheidevangeliën. Verborgen leven van Jezus --- Three Kings (Magi) --- Cult&delete& --- Magi - Cult - History. --- A.D. (miniseries). --- Adoration. --- Adventus (ceremony). --- Alcuin. --- Ancien Régime. --- Apostolic succession. --- Archbishop of Cologne. --- Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore. --- Basilica. --- Biblical Magi. --- Book of hours. --- Boy bishop. --- Breviary. --- Charivari. --- Chi Rho. --- Christendom. --- Christian republic. --- Christianity. --- Christogram. --- Clement of Alexandria. --- Clergy. --- Confraternity. --- Consecration. --- Counter-Reformation. --- Crusades. --- Curate. --- Dieu. --- Early modern Europe. --- Early modern period. --- Egbert. --- Einhard. --- Evocation. --- Franciscans. --- Frankincense. --- Friar. --- Galerius. --- Henricus. --- Hermeticism. --- Herodian. --- Iconography. --- Imitation of Christ. --- Jacques Callot. --- Jahangir. --- Jan Steen. --- John of Hildesheim. --- John the Evangelist. --- Journey of the Magi. --- Judea. --- Labarum. --- Lactantius. --- Leitmotif. --- Litany. --- Liturgical drama. --- Liutprand of Cremona. --- Lord of the World. --- Magi. --- Major orders. --- Middle Ages. --- Missionary. --- Mithra. --- Mitla. --- Myrrh. --- Narcissism. --- Nativity play. --- Nativity scene. --- New Thought. --- Nicholas of Lyra. --- Offertory. --- Old Testament. --- Orosius. --- Ottonian art. --- Peter Chrysologus. --- Petrarch. --- Pietas. --- Pontiff. --- Pope Gregory VII. --- Pope Leo III. --- Pope. --- Prelate. --- Presbyter. --- Prester John. --- Procession. --- Pseudepigrapha. --- Reincarnation. --- Religion. --- Renaissance Papacy. --- Rite. --- Roland Barthes. --- Society of Jesus. --- Subdeacon. --- Tertullian. --- The Monastery. --- Thomas the Apostle. --- Toltec. --- Transvestism. --- Usury. --- Utrecht Psalter. --- Vestment. --- Wonders of the World. --- Zoroaster.