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Algebraic topology --- 515.142 --- 515.14 --- 515.14 Algebraic topology --- 515.142 General theorems on fundamental categories and functors --- General theorems on fundamental categories and functors --- Topology

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Algebra, Homological. --- Homological algebra --- Algebra, Abstract --- Homology theory --- Àlgebra homològica --- Categories (Matemàtica) --- Homologia --- Morfismes (Matemàtica) --- Successions espectrals (Matemàtica) --- Teoria de functors

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Eindige groepen --- Finite groups --- Groepen [Eindige ] --- Groupes finis --- Groups [Finite ] --- Homologie --- Homology theory --- 515.142 --- Cohomology theory --- Contrahomology theory --- Algebraic topology --- Groups, Finite --- Group theory --- Modules (Algebra) --- General theorems on fundamental categories and functors --- 515.142 General theorems on fundamental categories and functors --- Finite groups. --- Homology theory.

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This volume explores the question of why languages - even those spoken in the same geographical area by people who share similar social structures, occupations, and religious beliefs - differ in the meanings expressed by their grammatical systems. Zygmunt Frajzyngier and Marielle Butters outline a new methodology to explore these differences, and to discover the motivations behind the emergence of meanings. The motivations that they identify include: thecommunicative need triggered when the grammatical system inherently produces ambiguities; the principle of functional transparency; the opportunistic emergence of meaning, whereby unoccupied formal niches acquire a new function; metonymic emergence, whereby a property of an existing function receives a formalmeans of its own, thus creating a new function; and the emergence of functions through language contact. The book offers new analyses of a range of phenomena across different languages, such as benefactives and progressives in English, and point of view of the subject and goal orientation in Chadic languages. It also draws on a wealth of data from other languages including French, Spanish, Polish, Russian, and a variety of less familiar Sino-Russian idiolects.

Grammar, Comparative and general --- Closed-class words (Grammar) --- Empty words (Grammar) --- Form words (Grammar) --- Function words (Grammar) --- Functors (Grammar) --- Grammatical words (Grammar) --- Structural words (Grammar) --- Function words. --- Closed-class words --- Empty words --- Form words --- Functors --- Grammatical words --- Structural words --- Function words --- E-books --- Grammar --- Comparative linguistics --- Linguistics --- Philology

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The present volume is centered on the notional domain of 'additivity'. Many linguistic phenomena are based on additivity (i.e. are incremental) and additive relations are a mechanism that underlies a wide array of text types. Specifically, the present volume is centered on the class of function words which have been labeled, among many others, 'Additive Focusing Modifiers' (FMs). The chapters gathered in this volume deal with the syntactic, prosodic and pragmatic properties of Additive FMs and new lines of research on these items are pursued, including (i) the historical development of Additive FMs and the use of these forms in older stages of the European languages; (ii) the pragmatic and sociolinguistic properties of Additive FMs, in particular of the functions they play in discourse and their distribution in different language varieties; (iii) the processing of Additive FMs by adults, in particular by relying on reading experiments involving eye tracking and self-paced reading; (iv) the use of Additive FMs in language contact situations and (v) the acquisition of Additive FMs by different learner groups.

Grammar, Comparative and general --- Closed-class words (Grammar) --- Empty words (Grammar) --- Form words (Grammar) --- Function words (Grammar) --- Functors (Grammar) --- Grammatical words (Grammar) --- Structural words (Grammar) --- Particles (Grammar) --- Particles. --- Function words. --- Closed-class words --- Empty words --- Form words --- Functors --- Grammatical words --- Structural words --- Function words --- Pragmatics --- Comparative linguistics --- Germanic languages --- Romance languages --- Slavic languages --- LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES / Grammar & Punctuation. --- LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES / Linguistics / Syntax. --- Germanische Sprachen. --- Modifikator. --- Romanische Sprachen. --- Slawische Sprachen.