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Durch das 1985 verabschiedete Gramm-Rudman-Hollings-Gesetz wurde in den USA versucht, die hohe Neuverschuldung des Staates abzubauen. Feste Defizitgrenzen und die Drohung gleichmäßiger proportionaler Kürzungen aller Ausgaben sollten dieses Ziel erreichen. In der Arbeit wird untersucht, wo die Unzulänglichkeiten dieses Gesetzes lagen (es wurde Ende 1990 grundlegend verändert) und weshalb es gescheitert ist, ja scheitern mußte.

gescheiterter --- Gesetz --- Gramm --- Haushaltskonsolidierung --- Hollings --- Kleist --- Rudman --- Versuch

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Durch das 1985 verabschiedete Gramm-Rudman-Hollings-Gesetz wurde in den USA versucht, die hohe Neuverschuldung des Staates abzubauen. Feste Defizitgrenzen und die Drohung gleichmäßiger proportionaler Kürzungen aller Ausgaben sollten dieses Ziel erreichen. In der Arbeit wird untersucht, wo die Unzulänglichkeiten dieses Gesetzes lagen (es wurde Ende 1990 grundlegend verändert) und weshalb es gescheitert ist, ja scheitern mußte.

Political science & theory --- Monetary economics --- Political economy --- gescheiterter --- Gesetz --- Gramm --- Haushaltskonsolidierung --- Hollings --- Kleist --- Rudman --- Versuch

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The seventh volume of the Matriculation Book of the University of Vienna includes the period from 1715/16 to 1745/46. It represents the follow-up of the edition of the central student enrollments of the rectors of the University of Vienna, that was initially established in 1377. It is a first-class source for studies of the history of persons and the institution of the University of Vienna, as well as the social history of the scholarly world in the period of enlightenment. The register book includes informations about the scholarly staff and the students. Within 31 years there are 6.764 persons enrolled.In addition, the book contains information on the regional and social origins of university members. Apart from the critical edition of the matriculation text, the volume also includes a list of university rectors. Moreover it is accompanied by indices of persons and places. Der siebente Band der Matrikel der Universität Wien erschließt den Zeitabschnitt von 1715/16 bis 1745/46. Es enthält die Fortsetzung der Edition der Hauptmatrikel der Rektoren der Universität Wien, die im Jahre 1377 begründet wurde. Sie stellt eine erstklassige Grundlage für die Erforschung der Personengeschichte und der Institutionengeschichte der Universität Wien , wie auch der Sozialgeschichte der Gelehrtenwelt dar. Das Matrikelbuch der Universität Wien enthält die Daten des wissenschaftlichen Personals wie der Studierenden, insgesamt sind 6.764 Personen aus einem Zeitraum von 31 Jahren eingetragen. Darüber hinaus enthält das Matrikelbuch Informationen über die regionale und soziale Herkunft der Universitätsmitglieder. Der kritischen Edition ist eine Namensliste der amtierenden Rektoren sowie ein Namens- und ein Ortsregister angeschlossen.

History --- Universität Wien --- Registers. --- Edition of historical Sources --- History of Universities --- Austrian History --- History of Sciences --- Deutschland --- Flavius Josephus --- Franz Xaver --- Gramm --- Jesuiten --- Majuskel --- Paulus von Tarsus --- Rom --- Simon Petrus

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It begins with the search for hallowed ground, the exact place from which Abraham Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address. In bleak November, Kent Gramm makes a pilgrimage to the most famous battleground in American history and over the course of a month transforms his search into a discovery of the meaning of Lincoln's elegy for America's identity. For Gramm, the century that began with Lincoln's address and ended with the assassinations of the 1960s saw the destruction of the 'modern' world

Postmodernism --- National characteristics, American. --- Heroes --- November. --- Memorials --- Anniversaries --- Post-modernism --- Postmodernism (Philosophy) --- Arts, Modern --- Avant-garde (Aesthetics) --- Modernism (Art) --- Philosophy, Modern --- Post-postmodernism --- Anniversary celebrations --- Celebrations, anniversaries, etc. --- Commemorations --- Days --- Festivals --- Holidays --- Historic sites --- Memorialization --- Monuments --- Months --- American national characteristics --- Social aspects --- Gram family. --- Gramm, Kent --- Lincoln, Abraham, --- Goldmark, Rubin, --- Travel --- United States --- Civilization --- Philosophy.

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Congressional scholars have vastly underappreciated how representation in the U. S. Senate differs from the House of Representatives. In this provocative new study, Wendy J. Schiller develops a theory of dual representation--where two legislators share the same geographical constituency--to explain Senators' behavior. Noting that Senators from the same state join different committees, focus on different policy areas, and address different economic interests through bill and amendment sponsorship, the author examines the electoral and institutional forces that elicit this competitive behavior. In developing her theory, Schiller relies on a wide variety of methodologies, from statistical analysis to case studies, and makes telling comparisons with similar situations in Latin America and Asia. Partners and Rivals argues against the commonly held view that individual Senators do an inadequate job in representing their states. Instead, this book demonstrates how the competitive structure of Senate delegations creates the potential for broad and responsive representation in the Senate. When two senators from the same state are viewed as a pair, it becomes clear that their combined representational agendas include a wide range of the interests and opinions that exist among constituents in their state. This holds true whether the Senators are from the same party or not. Rich in details, Partners and Rivals is the most thorough and rigorous explanation of Senators' behavior available.

United States. Congress. Senate --- Representative government and representation --- United States --- Legislators --- POLITICAL SCIENCE / American Government / Legislative Branch --- Representative government and representation. --- Legislators. --- United States. --- Congressmen --- Congresswomen --- Members of Congress (United States) --- Members of Congress (United States House of Representatives) --- Members of Congress (United States Senate) --- Representatives in Congress (United States) --- Senators (United States) --- Lawmakers --- Legislatures, Members of --- Members of legislatures --- Members of parliaments --- Parliaments, Members of --- Statesmen --- Parliamentary government --- Political representation --- Representation --- Self-government --- Constitutional history --- Constitutional law --- Political science --- Democracy --- Elections --- Republics --- Suffrage --- Mei-kuo tsʻan i yüan --- ABŞ --- ABSh --- Ameerika Ühendriigid --- America (Republic) --- Amerika Birlăshmish Shtatlary --- Amerika Birlăşmi Ştatları --- Amerika Birlăşmiş Ştatları --- Amerika ka Kelenyalen Jamanaw --- Amerika Qūrama Shtattary --- Amerika Qŭshma Shtatlari --- Amerika Qushma Shtattary --- Amerika (Republic) --- Amerikai Egyesült Államok --- Amerikanʹ Veĭtʹsėndi︠a︡vks Shtattnė --- Amerikări Pĕrleshu̇llĕ Shtatsem --- Amerikas Forenede Stater --- Amerikayi Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Ameriketako Estatu Batuak --- Amirika Carékat --- AQSh --- Ar. ha-B. --- Arhab --- Artsot ha-Berit --- Artzois Ha'bris --- Bí-kok --- Ē.P.A. --- EE.UU. --- Egyesült Államok --- ĒPA --- Estados Unidos --- Estados Unidos da América do Norte --- Estados Unidos de América --- Estaos Xuníos --- Estaos Xuníos d'América --- Estatos Unitos --- Estatos Unitos d'America --- Estats Units d'Amèrica --- États-Unis --- Ètats-Unis d'Amèrica --- États-Unis d'Amérique --- Fareyniḳṭe Shṭaṭn --- Feriene Steaten --- Feriene Steaten fan Amearika --- Forente stater --- FS --- Hēnomenai Politeiai Amerikēs --- Hēnōmenes Politeies tēs Amerikēs --- Hiwsisayin Amerikayi Miatsʻeal Tērutʻiwnkʻ --- Istadus Unidus --- Jungtinės Amerikos valstybės --- Mei guo --- Mei-kuo --- Meiguo --- Mî-koet --- Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Miguk --- Na Stàitean Aonaichte --- NSA --- S.U.A. --- SAD --- Saharat ʻAmērikā --- SASht --- Severo-Amerikanskie Shtaty --- Severo-Amerikanskie Soedinennye Shtaty --- Si︠e︡vero-Amerikanskīe Soedinennye Shtaty --- Sjedinjene Američke Države --- Soedinennye Shtaty Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Severnoĭ Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Si︠e︡vernoĭ Ameriki --- Spojené obce severoamerické --- Spojené staty americké --- SShA --- Stadoù-Unanet Amerika --- Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá --- Stany Zjednoczone --- Stati Uniti --- Stati Uniti d'America --- Stâts Unîts --- Stâts Unîts di Americhe --- Steatyn Unnaneysit --- Steatyn Unnaneysit America --- SUA (Stati Uniti d'America) --- Sŭedineni amerikanski shtati --- Sŭedinenite shtati --- Tetã peteĩ reko Amérikagua --- U.S. --- U.S.A. --- United States of America --- Unol Daleithiau --- Unol Daleithiau America --- Unuiĝintaj Ŝtatoj de Ameriko --- US --- USA --- Usono --- Vaeinigte Staatn --- Vaeinigte Staatn vo Amerika --- Vereinigte Staaten --- Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika --- Verenigde State van Amerika --- Verenigde Staten --- VS --- VSA --- Wááshindoon Bikéyah Ałhidadiidzooígíí --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amirīkīyah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amrīkīyah --- Yhdysvallat --- Yunaeted Stet --- Yunaeted Stet blong Amerika --- ZDA --- Združene države Amerike --- Zʹi︠e︡dnani Derz︠h︡avy Ameryky --- Zjadnośone staty Ameriki --- Zluchanyi︠a︡ Shtaty Ameryki --- Zlucheni Derz︠h︡avy --- ZSA --- Η.Π.Α. --- Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες της Αμερικής --- Америка (Republic) --- Американь Вейтьсэндявкс Штаттнэ --- Америкӑри Пӗрлешӳллӗ Штатсем --- САЩ --- Съединените щати --- Злучаныя Штаты Амерыкі --- ولايات المتحدة --- ولايات المتّحدة الأمريكيّة --- ولايات المتحدة الامريكية --- 미국 --- É.-U. --- ÉU --- Arnold, Douglas R. --- Asher, Herbert. --- Atlanta Constitution. --- Binder, Sarah. --- Born, Richard. --- Buffalo News. --- Chicago Tribune. --- Cook, Timothy E. --- Courier-Journal. --- Denzau, Arthur. --- Dow, Jay K. --- Dual Representation: concept of. --- Economic Representation: concept of. --- Elections, Senate: campaigns. --- Federalist Papers. --- Fiorina, Morris P. --- Franklin, Charles H. --- Ghorum, Nathaniel. --- Gramm, Phil. --- Gray, Virginia. --- Grenzke, Janet. --- Grier, Kevin. --- Hall, Richard L. --- Hamilton, Alexander. --- Hess, Stephen. --- Indiana Senate Delegation. --- Jay, John. --- Jung, Gi-Yong. --- Kalt, Joseph P. --- Kerrey, Robert. --- Kerry, John. --- King, Rufus. --- Lott, John R. --- Lowery, David. --- Madison, James. --- Magar, Eric. --- Morris, Gouverneur. --- Munger, Michael. --- New Mexico Senate Delegation. --- Page, Benjamin I. --- Partisan Representation. --- Party Caucuses, Senate. --- Pitkin, Hanna. --- Popkin, Samuel L. --- Quayle, Dan. --- Randolph, Edmund. --- Riker, Willliam H. --- Root, Elihu. --- Rothenberg, Lawrence. --- Samuels, David. --- Sellers, Patrick. --- Sigelman, Lee. --- Simon, Paul. --- Sinclair, Barbara. --- State Partisanship. --- Swanstrom, Roy. --- Texas Senate Delegation. --- Wayman, Frank. --- Wright, John. --- Amerikanʹ Veĭtʹsėndi͡avks Shtattnė --- Si͡evero-Amerikanskīe Soedinennye Shtaty --- Soedinennye Shtaty Si͡evernoĭ Ameriki --- SUA --- Zʹi͡ednani Derz͡havy Ameryky --- Zluchanyi͡a Shtaty Ameryki --- Zlucheni Derz͡havy