Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Health insurance --- Medical care --- Occupational health services --- Health Benefit Plans, Employee. --- Insurance, Health. --- United States.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Health insurance. --- Health Benefit Plans, Employee --- Insurance Coverage --- Insurance, Health, Reimbursement --- legislation & jurisprudence --- economics --- United States. --- legislation & jurisprudence. --- economics.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Health insurance provided by employers is a key source of coverage for both employees and their families. In 2000, more private-sector employees obtained family coverage health insurance through their employers than single, self-only coverage. According to the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, conducted by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, those employees with family coverage contributed both a larger dollar amount and a larger percent of the total premium for their coverage than did employees with single coverage.

Employer-sponsored health insurance --- Health insurance. --- Health Benefit Plans, Employee --- Employer Health Costs. --- Insurance, Health --- Private Sector. --- Costs. --- economics. --- United States.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Health insurance --- Medical care --- Occupational health services --- Health insurance. --- Medical care. --- Occupational health services. --- Health Benefit Plans, Employee. --- Insurance, Health. --- United States.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Preferred provider organizations (PPOs), which offer some of the advantages of both fee-for-service and managed care, are becoming an important market force. This report provides empirical estimates of the effects of offering a PPO option within indemnity plans on use of outpatient mental health services. The data are from a study that examined a sample of employees who had enrolled in indemnity plans before and after a PPO option was offered by three employers in two U.S. sites. The authors found little evidence for either adverse or favorable selection of indemnity enrollees on the basis of their mental health status into use of the PPO option, either for general medical care or for mental health care. After controlling for other factors, the authors found no significant association between mental health status and intent to use PPO providers for general medical care. The pattern of results suggests that established provider relationships, rather than level of mental health status per se, determine selection of provider among users of outpatient mental health care. By the second year following PPO implementation, after controlling for sociodemographic factors and previous use of mental health services, there was no difference in probability of use of outpatient mental health services between employees who expected to use PPO providers and those who did not. But costs per user of mental health services were lower for individuals who relied primarily on PPO rather than non-PPO providers for their mental health care. Thus, despite lower cost sharing for services received from PPO providers, the PPO option appeared to lower outpatient mental health care costs with no more than a transient reduction in access to such care.

Mental health services --- Ambulatory medical care --- Preferred provider organizations (Medical care) --- Mental health insurance. --- Ambulatory Care --- Health Benefit Plans, Employee --- Preferred Provider Organizations --- Utilization --- utilization