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Conflicted Antiquities is a rich cultural history of European and Egyptian interest in ancient Egypt and its material culture, from the early nineteenth century until the mid-twentieth. Consulting the relevant Arabic archives, Elliott Colla demonstrates that the emergence of Egyptology-the study of ancient Egypt and its material legacy-was as consequential for modern Egyptians as it was for Europeans. The values and practices introduced by the new science of archaeology played a key role in the formation of a new colonial regime in Egypt. This fact was not lost on Egyptian nationalists, who challenged colonial archaeologists with the claim that they were the direct heirs of the Pharaohs, and therefore the rightful owners and administrators of ancient Egypt's historical sites and artifacts. As this dispute developed, nationalists invented the political and expressive culture of "Pharaonism"-Egypt's response to Europe's Egyptomania. In the process, a significant body of modern, Pharaonist poetry, sculpture, architecture, and film was created by artists and authors who looked to the ancient past for inspiration. Colla draws on medieval and modern Arabic poetry, novels, and travel accounts; British and French travel writing; the history of archaeology; and the history of European and Egyptian museums and exhibits. The struggle over the ownership of Pharaonic Egypt did not simply pit Egyptian nationalists against European colonial administrators. Egyptian elites found arguments about the appreciation and preservation of ancient objects useful for exerting new forms of control over rural populations and for mobilizing new political parties. Finally, just as the political and expressive culture of Pharaonism proved critical to the formation of new concepts of nationalist identity, it also fueled Islamist opposition to the Egyptian state.

History / Ancient / Egypt --- History --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history

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The belief that dead people could assume non-human forms is attested in Egyptian texts of all periods, from the Old Kingdom down to Graeco-Roman times. It was thought that assuming such forms enhanced their freedom of movement and access to nourishment in the afterlife, as well as allowing them to join the entourages of different deities and participate in their worship. Spells referring to or enabling the deceased’s transformations occur in the Pyramid Texts, the Coffin Texts, and the Book of the Dead. But it is not until the Graeco-Roman Period that we find entire compositions devoted to this theme. Two of the most important are P. Louvre N. 3122 and P. Berlin P. 3162, both written in hieratic and dating to the 1st century AD. Both texts have been known to Egyptologists for more than a century, but neither is currently available in an up-to-date comprehensive edition. This book provides such an edition, including high-resolution images of the manuscripts, hieroglyphic transcriptions, translations, descriptions of their material aspects, studies of their owners, their titles, and their families, reconstructions of their context of usage, analyses of their orthography and grammar, and detailed commentaries on their contents.

HISTORY / Ancient / Egypt --- Egyptian religion. --- Graeco-Roman Period. --- papyri. --- priests. --- Magic, Greek --- Magic, Egyptian --- Incantations --- Charms --- Early works to 1800.

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The life, dramatic reign, and enduring legacy of the pharaoh Ramesses the Great, with lessons for the present, from internationally acclaimed Egyptologist Toby Wilkinson.Ramesses II ruled the Nile Valley and the wider Egyptian empire from 1279 to 1213 B.C., one of the longest reigns in pharaonic history. He was a cultural innovator, a relentless self-promoter, and an astute diplomat?the peace treaty signed after the Battle of Kadesh was the first in recorded history. He outbuilt every other Egyptian pharaoh, leaving behind the temples of Abu Simbel; the great hypostyle hall of Karnak; the tomb for his wife Nefertari; and his own memorial, the Ramesseum.His reputation eclipsed that of all other pharaohs as well: he was decried in the Bible as a despot, famed in literature as Ozymandias, and lauded by early antiquarians as the Younger Memnon. His rule coincided with the peak of ancient Egypt's power and prosperity, the New Kingdom (1539?1069 B.C.).In this authoritative biography, Toby Wilkinson considers Ramesses' preoccupations and preferences, uncovering the methods and motivations of a megalomaniac ruler, with lessons for our own time.(https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300256659/ramesses-the-great/)

Pharaohs --- HISTORY / Ancient / Egypt. --- Kings and rulers. --- Ramses --- 1320-1200 B.C. --- Egypt --- Egypt. --- Kings and rulers --- History --- Pharaohs. --- Geschiedenis --- Egypte --- Oudheid --- Ramses II (farao van Egypte) --- Farao

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Ancient Egyptian Administration provides the first comprehensive overview of the structure, organization and evolution of the pharaonic administration from its origins to the end of the Late Period. The book not only focuses on bureaucracy, departments, and official practices but also on more informal issues like patronage, the limits in the actual exercise of authority, and the competing interests between institutions and factions within the ruling elite. Furthermore, general chapters devoted to the best-documented periods in Egyptian history are supplemented by more detailed ones dealing with specific archives, regions, and administrative problems. The volume thus produced by an international team of leading scholars will be an indispensable, up-to-date, tool of research covering a much-neglected aspect of pharaonic civilization.

Bureaucracy --- HISTORY / Ancient / Egypt --- Interorganizational relations --- Political science --- Public administration --- Organizational sociology --- History. --- Egypt --- Politics and government --- History --- Bureaucratie --- Histoire --- Egypte --- Politique et gouvernement --- Égypte --- Bureaucracy - Egypt - History --- Egypt - Politics and government - To 332 B.C.

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Die altägyptische Medizin des 2. Jahrtausend v. Chr. Galt als die beste ihrer Zeit im gesamten östlichen Mittelmeerraum und Mesopotamien. Ihre Wertschätzung beruhte vor allem auf dem umfangreichen Wissen der ägyptischen Ärzte um die Heilkraft von Arzneimittelpflanzen. Diese, auf empirischem Wege erlangten Kenntnisse, sind uns in zahlreichen Papyri überliefert. Der erste Teil des Bandes listet die in den altägyptischen Papyri genannten Pflanzenprodukte auf. Anhand kurzer, ins Deutsche übersetzter Textpassagen wird für jedes die medizinische Verwendung dokumentiert. Dabei lassen sich für viele Materialien Anwendungsschwerpunkte erkennen, die Rückschlüsse auf ihre pharmazeutische Wirkung erlauben. Die botanische Identifizierung der einzelnen Heilpflanzen ist jedoch bis heute nur zu einem geringen Teil möglich. Um dennoch einen Einblick in den möglichen und auch wahrscheinlichen altägyptischen Heilpflanzenschatz zu gewinnen, werden im zweiten Teil des Bandes die Pflanzen vorgestellt, die in der neuzeitlichen ägyptischen Volksmedizin eine Rolle spielen. Als Quelle dienen dafür die Schriften Prosper Alpins aus dem 16. Jahrhundert und die neusten Forschungen zu den noch heute in Ägypten genutzten Arzneimittelpflanzen. Soweit es möglich ist, sind den einzelnen Pflanzen noch Informationen zu ihrer Verwendung in der koptischen Heilkunde und Erwähnung bei Plinius und Dioskurides beigefügt. Basierend auf den archäobotanischen Arbeiten der letzten Jahre wird überprüft, ob die jeweilige Heilpflanze zur heimischen Flora Ägyptens gehört oder durch Handelsbeziehungen bereits im 2. Jahrtausend v. Chr. für die Ärzte erreichbar war.

Botany, Medical --- Medicinal plants --- Drug plants --- Medical botany --- History --- Plants, Useful --- Botanical drug industry --- Materia medica, Vegetable --- Psychotropic plants --- Botany --- Medical sciences --- Medical botanists --- Phytotherapy --- History, Ancient --- Plants, Medicinal --- history --- Botany, Medical - Egypt - History --- Medicinal plants - Egypt - Handbooks, manuals, etc --- Phytotherapy - history - Egypt --- History, Ancient - Egypt. --- Plants, Medicinal - Egypt. --- Plantes médicinales --- Égypte --- Guides, manuels, etc.