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Depuis quelques années, dans tous les pays occidentaux, les inégalités sociales se creusent à nouveau. Chez certains, ce sont les riches qui deviennent plus riches. Chez d'autres, les pauvres qui s'appauvrissent. Parfois encore, les deux phénomènes se conjuguent. Dans tous les cas, ces inégalités semblent majoritairement se reproduire de génération en génération. Comment expliquer cette aggravation globale ? Comment lutter contre ce phénomène ? Pour appréhender cette question complexe, Nicolas Duvoux s'attache d'abord à clarifier les faits, c'est-à-dire à tenter de définir la nature de ces inégalités et de les mesurer. Il propose ensuite un panorama des différentes interprétations de la façon dont elles se construisent et s'enracinent. Il montre enfin que comprendre les inégalités sociales, c'est aussi décrypter comment chaque société les conçoit, les critiques et tente (ou non) de les combattre.

Inégalité sociale --- Equality --- Inégalité sociale.

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Inégalité sociale --- Discrimination inégalité sociale --- Discrimination raciale

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Classes sociales --- Inégalité sociale

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"Citizenship, Inequality, and Difference offers a concise and sweeping overview of citizenship’s complex evolution, from ancient Rome to the present. Political leaders and thinkers still debate, as they did in Republican Rome, whether the presumed equivalence of citizens is compatible with cultural diversity and economic inequality. Frederick Cooper presents citizenship as “claim-making” — the assertion of rights in a political entity. What those rights should be and to whom they should apply have long been subjects for discussion and political mobilization, while the kind of political entity in which claims and counterclaims have been made has varied over time and space.Citizenship ideas were first shaped in the context of empires. The relationship of citizenship to “nation” and “empire” was hotly debated after the revolutions in France and the Americas, and claims to “imperial citizenship” continued to be made in the mid-twentieth century. Cooper examines struggles over citizenship in the Spanish, French, British, Ottoman, Russian, Soviet, and American empires, and he explains the reconfiguration of citizenship questions after the collapse of empires in Africa and India. He explores the tension today between individualistic and social conceptions of citizenship, as well as between citizenship as an exclusionary notion and flexible and multinational conceptions of citizenship.Citizenship, Inequality, and Difference is a historically based reflection on some of the most fundamental issues facing human societies in the past and present."--

Citizenship. --- Equality. --- Citoyenneté --- Inégalité sociale

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Equality. --- Gelijkheid. --- Inégalité sociale. --- Politik.