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The ancient Tamil poetic corpus of the Caṅam ("The Academy") is a national treasure for Tamilians and a battle-ground for linguists and historians of politics, culture and literature. Going back to oral predecessors probably dating back to the beginning of the first millennium, it has had an extremely rich and variegated history. Collected into anthologies and endowed with literary theories and voluminous commentaries, it became the centre-piece of the Tamil literary canon, associated with the royal court of the Pandya dynasty in Madurai. Its decline began in the late middle ages, and by the late 17th century it had fallen into near oblivion, before being rediscovered at the beginning of the print era. The present study traces the complex historical process of its transmission over some 2000 years, using and documenting a wide range of sources, in particular surviving manuscripts, the early prints, the commentaries of the literary and grammatical traditions and a vast range of later literature that creates a web of inter-textual references and "ations.

Sangam literature --- Tamil literature --- History and criticism. --- Indian history of literature, indian poetry, oral tradition.

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India --- History --- India - History --- Indian history --- Europe --- Aryan culture --- the Mghuls --- Indian culture --- literature --- religion --- art --- British rule --- western civilization --- Mughal rule

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A Śaiva Utopia centers on the eleventh chapter of the Śivadharmaśāstra, known as the Chapter on Śiva’s Discipline (Śivāśramādhyāya). A critical edition and annotated English translation of the Sanskrit text of this chapter is preceded by a comprehensive study of the Śivadharma’s revision of the Brahmanical ‘laws on class and discipline’ (varṇāśramadharma), tracing its utopian vision of a society bound by Śiva devotion. An edition and English translation of a Sanskrit commentary on the chapter, preserved on a unique palm leaf manuscript in Malayalam script, is included as well. The book concludes with an appendix, which addresses the revision of the Śivāśramādhyāya in the Bhaviṣyapurāṇa, where the Śivadharma has been turned into a Sauradharma ('religion of the Sun'). A Śaiva Utopia should be of interest to all historians of Indian religions.

Language --- linguistics --- Literature & literary studies --- Hinduism, History of Religion, Asceticism, South Asian Studies, Sanskrit language and literature, Religious Pluralism, History of Religions, Brahmanism, Religious Studies, Medieval Indian History, Indian History, Hindu Studies, Caste, Hindu law, Saivism, Javanese studies, Bhakti Traditions, Śaivism

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This book explores the rhetoric and ritual of Indian elites undercolonialism, focusing on the city of Surat in the Bombay Presidency. It particularly examines how local elites appropriated and modified the liberal representative discourse of Britain and thus fashioned a "public' culture that excluded the city's underclasses. Departing from traditional explanations that have seen this process as resulting from English education or radical transformations in society, Haynes emphasizes the importance of the unequal power relationship between the British and those Indians who struggled for political influence and justice within the colonial framework. A major contribution of the book is Haynes' analysis of the emergence and ultimate failure of Ghandian cultural meanings in Indian politics after 1923. The book addresses issues of importance to historians and anthropologists of India, to political scientists seeking to understand the origins of democracy in the "Third World," and general readers interested in comprehending processes of cultural change in colonial contexts.

Elite (Social sciences) --- Social Conditions --- Sociology & Social History --- Social Sciences --- History. --- History --- Surat (India) --- Social conditions. --- Politics and government. --- Elites (Social sciences) --- Surat Municipal Corporation --- SMC --- Surat, India (City) --- Leadership --- Power (Social sciences) --- Social classes --- Social groups --- 19th century indian history. --- 20th century indian history. --- bombay and sind. --- bombay presidency. --- bombay province. --- bombay. --- british colonialism. --- british empire. --- british india. --- center of british power. --- class disparity. --- colonial india. --- colonialism. --- cultural studies. --- democracy. --- empire. --- english education. --- gandhi. --- india. --- indian culture. --- indian elites. --- indian history. --- indian politics. --- indian studies. --- political influence. --- public culture. --- radical transformation. --- social change. --- social justice. --- surat. --- unequal power. --- wealth disparity.

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India --- Inde --- Civilization --- Politique et gouvernement --- Civilisation --- Histoire --- IN / India - Inde --- 203 --- Sociografie. Algemene beschrijving van de gemeenschappen (Sociologie). --- Civilization. --- Sociografie. Algemene beschrijving van de gemeenschappen (Sociologie) --- India - Civilization --- Inde - Politique et gouvernement --- Inde - Civilisation --- Inde - Histoire --- Indian culture --- Indian history --- Indian identity