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The cannabis plant, as a hemp, could contribute better than previously thought to achieving the goals of the UN Sustainable Development Report, the so-called Agenda 2030 and its 17 SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals). From a health perspective, its medicinal use is the main focus, but it is also used in cosmetic products and in food offerings for humans and animals. In the context of the increasing climate crisis, hemp helps especially to cope with the CO2 problem: in agriculture by binding the CO2 similar to reforestation, in industry as a recyclable raw material substitute for example as a plastic substitute, in clothing, in technology or in construction. At the moment, unfortunately, the immense prices and high demand show a different picture, from citizens who want to but can't or aren't allowed to, from farmers who have to overcome immense bureaucratic hurdles to an industry that is deterred from investing by complex rules and laws. The springer essential shows how this potential could also be realized in Germany. The content The plant Cannabis Sativa L. The sustainable benefits of hemp The possible consequences of economic use The four basic conditions for legalization The author Jonas M. Westphal has already given lectures on the sensibility of legalizing cannabis in Germany and Europe during his logistics studies. Through aroused curiosity about the plant Cannabis Sativa L., he networked with retired cannabis expert Prof. Stephan Quensel of the University of Bremen, author of "The Misery of Addiction Prevention," who also wrote the foreword. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence. A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content.

Economics. --- Industries. --- Sustainability. --- Sector and Industry Studies. --- Sustainability science --- Human ecology --- Social ecology --- Industrial production --- Industries, Primitive --- Industry --- Economics --- Economic theory --- Political economy --- Social sciences --- Economic man

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We examine the extent to which declining manufacturing employment may have contributed to increasing inequality in advanced economies. This contribution is typically small, except in the United States. We explore two possible explanations: the high initial manufacturing wage premium and the high level of income inequality. The manufacturing wage premium declined between the 1980s and the 2000s in the United States, but it does not explain the contemporaneous rise in inequality. Instead, high income inequality played a large role. This is because manufacturing job loss typically implies a move to the service sector, for which the worker is not skilled at first and accepts a low-skill wage. On average, the associated wage cut increases with the overall level of income inequality in the country, conditional on moving down in the wage distribution. Based on a stylized scenario, we calculate that the movement of workers to low-skill service sector jobs can account for about a quarter of the increase in inequality between the 1980s and the 2000s in the United States. Had the U.S. income distribution been more equal, only about one tenth of the actual increase in inequality could have been attributed to the loss of manufacturing jobs, according to our simulations.

Labor --- Macroeconomics --- Industries: Manufacturing --- Industries: Service --- Aggregate Factor Income Distribution --- Industry Studies: Manufacturing: General --- Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: General --- Industry Studies: Services: General --- Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions --- Manufacturing industries --- Labour --- income economics --- Income inequality --- Manufacturing --- Wages --- Services sector --- Personal income --- National accounts --- Economic sectors --- Income distribution --- Service industries --- Income --- United States

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This paper presents a geographical theory of location and interregional trade. Location is treated as an endogenous variable by firms, consumers and perfectly mobile workers in a two-sector economy. Space plays a central role owing to transportation costs, market access, and distance from polluting industrial centers. The model is used to examine: (1) aspects of a compensating-differential theory of regional unevenness, (2) the theoretical formulation of a gravity theory of trade patterns, (3) the geographic basis for industrial and environmental policy, and (4) the interaction between reductions in transportation costs, location patterns, and technological improvements.

Infrastructure --- Labor --- Macroeconomics --- Agribusiness --- Industries: Manufacturing --- General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium: General --- Agriculture: General --- Geographic Labor Mobility --- Immigrant Workers --- Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities: General --- Industry Studies: Manufacturing: General --- Labor Economics: General --- Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: General --- Labour --- income economics --- Manufacturing industries --- Agricultural economics --- Transportation --- Manufacturing --- Agricultural sector --- Wages --- National accounts --- Economic sectors --- Saving and investment --- Labor economics --- Agricultural industries --- United Kingdom

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The paper discusses the estimates and projections of Brunei Darussalam's nominal GDP and quarterly nominal GDP as per economic activity; growth in real GDP by expenditure and economic activity; details of oil and gas production and sales; composition of government revenue, expenditure, and budget balance; and quarterly government expenditure and budget balance; imports by country of origin, destination, and commodity; exchange rates, etc.

Investments: Energy --- Infrastructure --- Investments: General --- Public Finance --- Industries: Manufacturing --- Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities: General --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Investment --- Capital --- Intangible Capital --- Capacity --- Energy: General --- Industry Studies: Manufacturing: General --- Macroeconomics --- Public finance & taxation --- Investment & securities --- Manufacturing industries --- Transportation --- Expenditure --- Gross fixed investment --- Oil --- Manufacturing --- National accounts --- Commodities --- Economic sectors --- Saving and investment --- Expenditures, Public --- Petroleum industry and trade --- Brunei Darussalam

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Convergence and spillovers across countries and within countries are old, but recurrent policy concerns, and India is no exception to this rule. This paper examines convergence and spillovers across Indian states using non-stationary panel data techniques. Results on convergence among Indian states are generally found to be similar, but more nuanced, than previous studies. Generally speaking, there is evidence of divergence over the entire sample period, convergence during sub-periods corresponding to structural breaks, and club convergence. There is strong evidence of club convergence among the high- and low-income states; the evidence for middle-income states is mixed. Dynamic spillover effects among states are small.

Infrastructure --- Investments: General --- Macroeconomics --- Industries: Service --- Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions --- Investment --- Capital --- Intangible Capital --- Capacity --- Externalities --- Industry Studies: Services: General --- Personal income --- Spillovers --- Private investment --- Services sector --- Income --- Saving and investment --- International finance --- Service industries --- India