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Social security beneficiaries --- Social Security. --- Insurance Benefits. --- States --- United States.
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This study analyzes ways to increase the use of private health plans in the Medicare program. It reviews a wide range of policy options to improve the functioning of the current program of risk contracting with health maintenance organizations and other private health plans, and suggests additional research and demonstration efforts.
Health insurance --- Medicare --- Medical care, Cost of --- Medicare policy --- Health Insurance for Aged and Disabled, Title 18. --- Insurance Benefits. --- Insurance, Health --- Claims administration.
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This paper investigates the take-up rate or claim-waiting period rate of the unemployed under the South African Unemployment Insurance Fund (UIF) system. The goal is to identify disincentive effects that income replacement rates (IRR) and accumulated credits may have on the claimant's behavior in terms of their claim waiting period rate (or how quickly they apply for UIF benefits). Utilizing nonparametric and semi-parametric estimation techniques, we find that there is little evidence, if any, for job disincentives or moral hazard problems. More specifically, the majority of claimants that are quickest to claim the UIF benefits are those who have worked continuously for at least four years and accumulated the maximum allowable amount of credits. The authors also note that claimants' waiting periods are indifferent with regard to levels of income replacements yet extremely sensitive to the amount of credits accumulated. Ultimately, the recipients of the UIF benefits do not rely heavily on the replacement incomes and prefer waiting longer for employment opportunities as opposed to exhausting their accumulated credits. The semi-parametric Cox's Proportional Hazard (PH) model confirms that there is a positive relationship between the claimant's accumulation of credits and the associated take-up rate of the UIF.
Climate --- Employment Opportunities --- Financial Crisis --- Gdp --- Human Capital --- Human Resources --- Informal Sector --- Insolvency --- Job Creation --- Labor Market --- Labor Markets --- Labor Policies --- Labor Relations --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Moral Hazard --- Older Workers --- Political Economy --- Private Sector --- Productivity --- Skilled Workers --- Social Protections and Labor --- Taxation & Subsidies --- Unemployment --- Unemployment Insurance Benefits --- Working Poor --- Younger Workers
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Almost four years since the onset of the global financial and economic crisis, unemployment and underemployment remain stubbornly high in many G20 countries, and many workers remain trapped in low paid, often informal, jobs with little social protection. Job creation has been anemic in many countries, too slow to fully reabsorb the mass of unemployed and underemployed or, particularly in some emerging market economies, to keep pace with labour force growth and the pressures of rural-urban migration. This raises concerns about the long-term negative effects on human capital, growing inequality and lower future output growth. The political pressures are high, and the risk of a drift towards protectionist measures aimed at 'keeping jobs at home' cannot be ignored. While there is substantial variation in national contexts, G20 countries can help minimize these risks through collective and collaborative work aimed at identifying and implementing credible policy reforms that will boost job creation, employment and the quality of jobs. The report aims at providing a preliminary review of countries' experiences against the backdrop of an evolving economic outlook and could form the basis of a more in-depth analysis, should Ministers request it. Improving labour market outcomes involves several challenges relating to both the quantity and quality aspects of job creation. There is a need in all countries to harness growth to generate labour market opportunities that correspond to labour force growth.
Central Banks --- Child Rearing --- Developing Countries --- Employment Protection Legislation --- Employment Rates --- Employment Services --- Family Responsibilities --- Health Insurance --- Human Capital --- Income Inequality --- Informal Sector --- Infrastructure Investment --- Interest Rates --- Job Creation --- Job Search Assistance --- Labor Markets --- Labor Policies --- Lifelong Learning --- Living Standards --- Monetary Policy --- Older Workers --- On-the-Job Training --- Part-Time Employment --- Poverty Reduction --- Purchasing Power --- Respect --- Rule of Law --- School Attendance --- Secondary Education --- Skilled Workers --- Social Protections and Labor --- Temporary Workers --- Tertiary Education --- Unemployment --- Unemployment Insurance Benefits --- Urban Areas --- Workers
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Social policy --- Social security law --- Assurance contre la maladie --- Geneeskunde [Gesocialiseerde ] --- Geneeskunde [Geëtatiseerde ] --- Geneeskunde [Staats] --- Gesocialiseerde geneeskunde --- Geëtatiseerde geneeskunde --- Health insurance --- Health plan [Prepaid ] --- Insurance [Health ] --- Insurance [Sickness ] --- Medical care [Prepaid ] --- Medical care [State ] --- Medical service [Prepaid ] --- Medicine [State ] --- Médecine étatisée --- National health care --- Prepaid health plans --- Prepaid medical care --- Sickness insurance --- Socialized medicine --- State medicine --- Ziekteverzekering --- Insurance, Health. --- National health services. --- Financing, Organized --- Insurance Benefits. --- Insurance, Health --- economics. --- Financing, Organized. --- 351.84 --- National health services --- 09.09.c --- 09.12. --- 06.03 --- Medicine, State --- Nationalized health services --- State medical care --- Medical care --- Medical policy --- Public health --- Health plans, Prepaid --- Medical care, Prepaid --- Medical insurance --- Insurance --- Ambulance service --- Health care reform --- Home care services --- Hospitals --- Medically uninsured persons --- Surgical clinics --- Insurance Beneficiary --- Health Benefits --- Beneficiaries, Insurance --- Beneficiary, Insurance --- Benefit, Health --- Benefit, Insurance --- Benefits, Health --- Benefits, Insurance --- Health Benefit --- Insurance Beneficiaries --- Insurance Benefit --- Community Financing --- Grants --- Organized Financing --- Financing, Community --- Grant --- Sociaal zekerheidsrecht. Sociaal bestuursrecht. R.S.Z.--(sociale verzekering zie {369}) --- Sociale verzekering ; Verenigde Staten ; Ziekte --- Sociale verzekering ; Internationale regelingen --- Particuliere ziekte - en invaliditeitsverzekering --- Prospective payment --- Emergency services --- Outpatient services --- Rehabilitation services --- Health insurance. --- Health, insurance. --- 351.84 Sociaal zekerheidsrecht. Sociaal bestuursrecht. R.S.Z.--(sociale verzekering zie {369}) --- Insurance Benefits --- 09.12 --- economics --- Medicine, State. --- Financing, Organized - economics.
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Medicaid --- Insurance Coverage --- Behavior Therapy --- Insurance Benefits --- Child --- Age Groups --- Legislation as Topic --- Psychotherapy --- Medical Assistance --- Insurance --- Financing, Organized --- Public Assistance --- Behavioral Disciplines and Activities --- Social Control, Formal --- Persons --- Economics --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Financing, Government --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Named Groups --- Health Care --- Pediatrics --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Person --- Regulation --- Social Control --- Control, Social --- Controls, Social --- Formal Social Control --- Formal Social Controls --- Regulations --- Social Controls --- Assistance, Public --- Community Financing --- Grants --- Organized Financing --- Financing, Community --- Grant --- Indemnity --- Insurance Premiums --- Insurance Premium --- Premium, Insurance --- Premiums, Insurance --- Assistance, Medical --- Clinical Psychotherapists --- Logotherapy --- Psychotherapists --- Clinical Psychotherapist --- Logotherapies --- Psychotherapies --- Psychotherapist --- Psychotherapist, Clinical --- Psychotherapists, Clinical --- Constitutional Amendments --- Laws and Statutes --- Legislation, Health --- Model Legislation --- Population Law --- Statutes and Laws --- Health Legislation --- Amendment, Constitutional --- Amendments, Constitutional --- Constitutional Amendment --- Law, Population --- Laws, Population --- Legislation, Model --- Population Laws --- Age Group --- Group, Age --- Groups, Age --- Children --- Insurance Beneficiary --- Health Benefits --- Beneficiaries, Insurance --- Beneficiary, Insurance --- Benefit, Health --- Benefit, Insurance --- Benefits, Health --- Benefits, Insurance --- Health Benefit --- Insurance Beneficiaries --- Insurance Benefit --- Therapy, Behavior --- Therapy, Conditioning --- Behavior Modification --- Conditioning Therapy --- Behavior Modifications --- Behavior Therapies --- Conditioning Therapies --- Modification, Behavior --- Modifications, Behavior --- Therapies, Behavior --- Therapies, Conditioning --- Insurance Status --- Coverage, Insurance --- Status, Insurance --- Dental Medicaid Programs --- Medicaid Program, Dental --- Medicaid Programs, Dental --- Dental Medicaid Program --- Medical Assistance, Title 19 --- Program, Dental Medicaid --- Programs, Dental Medicaid --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Government Financing --- Federal Aid --- Financing, Public --- Grants and Subsidies, Government --- Hill-Burton Act --- Subsidies, Government --- Act, Hill-Burton --- Aid, Federal --- Aids, Federal --- Federal Aids --- Government Subsidies --- Government Subsidy --- Hill Burton Act --- Public Financing --- Subsidy, Government --- Healthcare Economics and Organizations --- Capital --- Conditions, Economic --- Consumption --- Cost of Living --- Easterlin Hypothesis --- Economic Conditions --- Economic Factors --- Economic Policies --- Economic Policy --- Economics, Home --- Factors, Economic --- Home Economics --- Household Consumption --- Macroeconomic Factors --- Microeconomic Factors --- Policies, Economic --- Policy, Economic --- Production --- Remittances --- Utility Theory --- Consumer Price Index --- Condition, Economic --- Consumer Price Indices --- Consumption, Household --- Economic Condition --- Economic Factor --- Factor, Economic --- Factor, Macroeconomic --- Factor, Microeconomic --- Factors, Macroeconomic --- Factors, Microeconomic --- Household Consumptions --- Hypothesis, Easterlin --- Index, Consumer Price --- Indices, Consumer Price --- Living Cost --- Living Costs --- Remittance --- Theories, Utility --- Theory, Utility --- Utility Theories --- Public Policy --- Neurolinguistic Programming --- Sensory Art Therapies --- Health Legislation as Topic --- Minors --- Mind-Body Therapies --- Behavior Control --- Schema Therapy --- Schema Therapies --- Therapies, Schema --- Therapy, Schema --- Behavior Treatment --- Treatment, Behavior --- Health Care Economics --- Health Economics --- Healthcare Economics --- Care Economic, Health --- Economic, Health --- Economic, Health Care --- Economic, Healthcare --- Economics, Health Care --- Health Care Economic --- Health Economic --- Healthcare Economic --- Behavior Change Techniques --- Behavior Change Technique --- Technique, Behavior Change --- United States. --- United States --- DoD TRICARE Management Activity (U.S.) --- TMA (TRICARE Management Activity) --- TRICARE Management Activity (U.S.) --- Psychology --- Names. --- Isonymy --- Isonymies --- Name --- Factors, Psychological --- Psychological Factors --- Psychological Side Effects --- Psychologists --- Psychosocial Factors --- Side Effects, Psychological --- Factor, Psychological --- Factor, Psychosocial --- Factors, Psychosocial --- Psychological Factor --- Psychological Side Effect --- Psychologist --- Psychosocial Factor --- Side Effect, Psychological
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