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The Decisive Treatise is perhaps the most controversial work of Averroes (Ibn Rushd, 1126-1198) and belongs to a trilogy which boldly represent the philosophical contribution to Islamic theology of this famous Andalusian commentator on Aristotle. The Decisive Treatise is a fatwa (a legal opinion) that the judge, Averroes, promulgated for his fellow Malikite jurists in order to demonstrate that the study of philosophy is not only licit from the point of view of religious law, but even mandatory for the skilled people. However, many subjects are dealt with in this comparatively short book: An epistemology aimed to show that philosophical truth and religious truth are not in contradiction; a sociology of knowledge pointing out that humans are classified in three classes (philosophers, theologians, common folk); a Qur’anic hermeneutics suggesting how to approach philosophically the Holy Book in agreement with religious requirements and linguistic rules.

Islam and philosophy

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Les études qui composent ce volume veulent offrir un aperçu des recherches menées aujourd'hui dans le domaine spécifique de la philosophie qui, en terre d'islam, s'est élaborée dans un certain rapport avec le contenu de la révélation religieuse. Ce volume thématique a deux objectifs. Il s'agit de mettre en évidence la participation de la philosophie qui s'est formée en islam au développement de la philosophie comme telle, et de souligner le rôle central que tient la philosophie dans la connaissance de l'islam entendu comme une religion. La présentation de Souad Ayada explicite le titre retenu : i Les articles portent : - sur le double sens de l'être selon al-Farabi (Olga Lizzini) ; - sur la preuve de l'existence de Dieu dans la philosophie de Mulla ?adra (Christian Jambet) ; - sur les sources philosophiques du néoplatonisme ismaélien (Daniel De Smet) ; - sur imagination et individualité de l'âme dans la psychologie d'Avicenne (Meryem Sebti) ; - sur l'accueil de l'absolu chez Averroès, avant Levinas (Jean-Baptiste Brenet) Ils sont suivis de comptes rendus d'ouvrages récents sur ces thèmes.

Islam and philosophy

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Philosophy, Pakistani. --- Islam and philosophy.

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Islam --- Islam --- Islam and philosophy --- Islam

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This book brings together the study of two great disciplines of the Islamic world: law and philosophy. In both sunni and shiite Islam, it became the norm for scholars to acquire a high level of expertise in the legal tradition. Thus some of the greatest names in the history of Aristotelianism were trained jurists, like Averroes, or commented on the status and nature of law, like al-Fārābī. While such authors sought to put law in its place relative to the philosophical disciplines, others criticized philosophy from a legal viewpoint, like al-Ghazālī and Ibn Taymiyya. But this collection of papers does not only explore the relative standing of law and philosophy. It also looks at how philosophers, theologians, and jurists answered philosophical questions that arise from jurisprudence itself. What is the logical structure of a well-formed legal argument? What standard of certainty needs to be attained in passing down judgments, and how is that standard reached? What are the sources of valid legal judgment and what makes these sources authoritative? May a believer be excused on grounds of ignorance? Together the contributions provide an unprecedented demonstration of the close connections between philosophy and law in Islamic society, while also highlighting the philosophical interest of texts normally studied only by legal historians.

Islam and philosophy. --- Islam. --- Philosophy. --- fiqh. --- jurisprudence.