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FADLALLAH, SAYYID --- ISLAMIC FUNDAMENTALISM--MIDDLE EAST --- SHIITES--MIDDLE EAST --- HIZBALLAH (LEBANON)

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Islamic fundamentalism --- Islam and politics --- Persian Gulf War, 1991 --- History --- Religious aspects --- Islam --- Islam. --- Middle East --- 20th century --- Islamic fundamentalism - Middle East - History - 20th century.. --- Islam and politics - Middle East. --- Persian Gulf War, 1991 - Religious aspects - Islam. --- Islamic fundamentalism - Middle East - History - 20th century. --- Islam and politics - Middle East --- Persian Gulf War, 1991 - Religious aspects - Islam

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Terrorism --- Islamic fundamentalism --- Religious aspects --- Islam --- IS (Organization) --- Middle East --- History --- TerrorismReligious aspects --- IslamIS (Organization)Middle EastHistory --- Terrorism - Irak --- Islamic fundamentalism - Middle East --- Terrorism - Syria --- Terrorism - Religious aspects - Islam --- Middle East - History - 21st century

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The Arab uprisings of 2011 created unexpected opportunities for religious radicals. Although many inside and outside the region initially saw the uprisings as liberal triumphs, illiberal forces have benefitted disproportionately. In Tunisia, formally marginalized jihadi-salafi groups appealed for mainstream support, and in Egypt, the Muslim Brotherhood triumphed in elections. Even in Saudi Arabia, not known for either lively politics or for political entrepreneurship, a surprising array of forces praised the rise of 'Islamic democracy' under a Muslim Brotherhood banner. Yet, at the same time, the Arab Spring reinforced regional governments' advantages. The chaos engulfing parts of the region has convinced some citizens that they were better off with the governments they had, and many governments successfully employed old and new tools of repression to reinforce the status quo. In the Middle East, conflicts that many thought were coming to an end will continue, as will the dynamism and innovation that have emerged among radical and opposition groups. To face the current threats, governments will need to use many of their existing tools skillfully, but they will also need to judge what tools will no longer work, and what new tools they have at their disposal. The stakes could not be higher.

ARAB SPRING, 2010 --- -ISLAM AND POLITICS--ARAB COUNTRIES --- ISLAM AND POLITICS--MIDDLE EAST --- ISLAMIC FUNDAMENTALISM--ARAB COUNTRIES --- ISLAMIC FUNDAMENTALISM--MIDDLE EAST --- ARAB COUNTRIES--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT --- MIDDLE EAST--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT --- Radicalism --- Arab Spring, 2010 --- -Religious aspects --- Islam --- Influence --- Middle East --- Politics and government --- Radicalism - Middle East --- Radicalism - Religious aspects - Islam --- Arab Spring, 2010- - Influence --- Middle East - Politics and government - 21st century --- -Middle East

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Islam and politics --- Islamic fundamentalism --- Middle East --- Politics and government --- Intégrisme islamique --- Islam and politics. --- Islam et politique --- Islamic fundamentalism. --- Politics and government. --- Since 1945. --- Middle East. --- Moyen-Orient --- Politique et gouvernement --- Islam and politics - Middle East --- Islamic fundamentalism - Middle East --- Middle East - Politics and government - 1945 --- -Intégrisme islamique