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Today, two-thirds of all Arab Muslims are under the age of thirty. Young Islam takes readers inside the evolving competition for their support-a competition not simply between Islamism and the secular world, but between different and often conflicting visions of Islam itself. Drawing on extensive ethnographic research among rank-and-file activists in Morocco, Avi Spiegel shows how Islamist movements are encountering opposition from an unexpected source-each other. In vivid and compelling detail, he describes the conflicts that arise as Islamist groups vie with one another for new recruits, and the unprecedented fragmentation that occurs as members wrangle over a shared urbanized base. Looking carefully at how political Islam is lived, expressed, and understood by young people, Spiegel moves beyond the top-down focus of current research. Instead, he makes the compelling case that Islamist actors are shaped more by their relationships to each other than by their relationships to the state or even to religious ideology. By focusing not only on the texts of aging elites but also on the voices of diverse and sophisticated Muslim youths, Spiegel exposes the shifting and contested nature of Islamist movements today-movements that are being reimagined from the bottom up by young Islam. The first book to shed light on this new and uncharted era of Islamist pluralism in the Middle East and North Africa, Young Islam uncovers the rivalries that are redefining the next generation of political Islam.

Muslim youth --- Muslim youth --- Islam and politics --- Islam and politics --- Al Adl wal Ihsan. --- Arab Muslims. --- Arab world. --- Islam. --- Islamism. --- Islamist groups. --- Islamist movements. --- Islamist organizations. --- Islamist pluralism. --- Islamists. --- Justice and Spirituality Organization. --- King Mohammed VI. --- Morocco. --- Muslim youths. --- Party of Justice and Development. --- Yassine. --- activism. --- activists. --- authoritarian Arab state. --- coevolution. --- fragmentation. --- funding. --- haraka. --- personal empowerment. --- political Islam. --- political parties. --- political. --- power dynamics. --- propaganda. --- regulation. --- religion. --- religious authority. --- secular world. --- selective suppression. --- state action. --- state authority. --- young Islamists. --- young men. --- young people.

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"This book explores the challenge posed by the immersion of 15 million Muslims in Western democracies and the terrorists present within the larger body of believers. The fact that immersion is insufficient to stem the tide of extremism is discussed, along with the factors that contribute to the growth of radical Islam"--Provided by publisher.

Islam and politics --- Islamic fundamentalism --- Islam et politique --- Intégrisme islamique --- radical Islam in the West --- authoritarianism --- piety --- Western democracies --- culture-clash --- Islamist terror --- Jihad --- Islamism --- the internet

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Many in the United States and Israel believe that Hamas is nothing but a terrorist organization, and that its social sector serves merely to recruit new supporters for its violent agenda. Based on Sara Roy's extensive fieldwork in the Gaza Strip and West Bank during the critical period of the Oslo peace process, Hamas and Civil Society in Gaza shows how the social service activities sponsored by the Islamist group emphasized not political violence but rather community development and civic restoration. Roy demonstrates how Islamic social institutions in Gaza and the West Bank advocated a moderate approach to change that valued order and stability, not disorder and instability; were less dogmatically Islamic than is often assumed; and served people who had a range of political outlooks and no history of acting collectively in support of radical Islam. These institutions attempted to create civic communities, not religious congregations. They reflected a deep commitment to stimulate a social, cultural, and moral renewal of the Muslim community, one couched not only--or even primarily--in religious terms. Vividly illustrating Hamas's unrecognized potential for moderation, accommodation, and change, Hamas and Civil Society in Gaza also traces critical developments in Hamas's social and political sectors through the Second Intifada to today, and offers an assessment of the current, more adverse situation in the occupied territories. The Oslo period held great promise that has since been squandered. This book argues for more enlightened policies by the United States and Israel, ones that reflect Hamas's proven record of nonviolent community building. In a new afterword, Roy discusses how Hamas has been affected by changing regional dynamics and by recent economic and political events in Gaza, including failed attempts at reconciliation with Fatah.

Arab-Israeli conflict. --- Islamic fundamentalism --- Christians. --- Fatah. --- Gaza City. --- Gaza Strip. --- Gaza strip. --- Gaza. --- Hamas. --- Intifada. --- Islam. --- Islamic Resistance Movement. --- Islamic authenticity. --- Islamic civil society. --- Islamic movement. --- Islamist mobilization. --- Islamist movement. --- Islamist social institutions. --- Islamist social sector. --- Islamists. --- Israel. --- Jews. --- Middle East. --- Muslim Brotherhood. --- Muslim community. --- Oslo peace process. --- Oslo period. --- Oslo process. --- Palestine. --- Palestinian people. --- Palestinian uprising. --- Palestinians. --- Second Intifada. --- civic engagement. --- civic restoration. --- civism. --- community development. --- cultural identity. --- grassroots development. --- humanitarian supplies. --- individual organizations. --- non-Israeli. --- political force. --- political leadership. --- political mobilization. --- politics. --- public sphere. --- religion. --- second Intifada. --- secular civil society. --- social institutions. --- social sector work. --- social system. --- terrorist organization.

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Kabylia is a Berber-speaking, densely populated mountainous region east of Algiers, that has played an important part in Algerian pre- and post-independence politics, and continues to be troublesome to central government. But 'Kabylia' is also an ideal, shaped and shared by a variety of intellectual trends both in Algeria and in France. Kabylia was seen by sociologically minded nineteenth-century French authors as a model of primitive democracy and became central to their debates about good government, the nature of 'race', nationhood, and the social bond. These qualities have by now largely been appropriated by Kabyles themselves, and have become central to Kabyle self-images discussed on numerous websites run by Kabyle emigrants in France as much as by local parties and associations in Kabylia itself. Central to this image is the Kabyles' attachment to their home villages. But what exactly makes a village a village? And how can this emphasis on communal autonomy be articulated within a modern nation-state? These are the questions this book tries to answer through an in-depth case study of one particular village, analysing the contemporary debates that animate it, and tracing its history through the French conquest and occupation, the Algerian war of independence, and the political turmoil, including the challenge of Islamist politics, that followed independence.The 'village', as much as Kabylia as a whole, emerges as a place made by its internal contradictions, and that can only be understood with reference to the position it occupies within the various intellectual, political, economic and cultural 'world-systems' of which it is part. Judith Scheele is a Research Fellow at Magdalen College, Oxford

Communities --- #SBIB:39A4 --- #SBIB:39A77 --- Community --- Social groups --- Toegepaste antropologie --- Etnografie: Noord-Afrika en het Midden-Oosten --- Kabylia (Algeria) --- Kabylie (Algeria) --- Politics and government. --- Social conditions. --- Algeria. --- Algerian war of independence. --- Berber-speaking. --- Colonialism. --- Cultural world-systems. --- French occupation. --- Good government. --- Intellectual trends. --- Islamist politics. --- Kabyle. --- Kabylia. --- Modern nation-state. --- Nationhood. --- Political turmoil. --- Social bond. --- Village autonomy. --- Village history.

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Political Islam has often been compared to ideological movements of the past such as fascism or Christian theocracy. But are such analogies valid? How should the Western world today respond to the challenges of political Islam? Taking an original approach to answer this question, Confronting Political Islam compares Islamism's struggle with secularism to other prolonged ideological clashes in Western history. By examining the past conflicts that have torn Europe and the Americas-and how they have been supported by underground networks, fomented radicalism and revolution, and triggered foreign interventions and international conflicts-John Owen draws six major lessons to demonstrate that much of what we think about political Islam is wrong.Owen focuses on the origins and dynamics of twentieth-century struggles among Communism, Fascism, and liberal democracy; the late eighteenth- and nineteenth-century contests between monarchism and republicanism; and the sixteenth- and seventeenth-century wars of religion between Catholics, Lutherans, Calvinists, and others. Owen then applies principles learned from the successes and mistakes of governments during these conflicts to the contemporary debates embroiling the Middle East. He concludes that ideological struggles last longer than most people presume; ideologies are not monolithic; foreign interventions are the norm; a state may be both rational and ideological; an ideology wins when states that exemplify it outperform other states across a range of measures; and the ideology that wins may be a surprise.Looking at the history of the Western world itself and the fraught questions over how societies should be ordered, Confronting Political Islam upends some of the conventional wisdom about the current upheavals in the Muslim world.

Islamic fundamentalism --- Islam and politics. --- Political aspects. --- Islamic countries --- Western countries --- Foreign relations --- Americas. --- Catholics. --- Christianity. --- Dutch Republic. --- Europe. --- Iran. --- Islamism. --- Islamist states. --- Middle East. --- Muslim world. --- Muslims. --- Palatinate. --- Protestantism. --- Protestants. --- Saudi Arabia. --- Soviet Union. --- Turkey. --- United States. --- communism. --- communists. --- constitutional democracy. --- constitutional monarchism. --- democratic capitalism. --- exemplarism. --- exemplary country. --- fascism. --- foreign interventions. --- foreign policy. --- hybrid regime. --- ideological contests. --- ideological movements. --- ideology. --- liberal conservatism. --- liberal democracy. --- liberalism. --- monarchism. --- monarchy. --- monolith. --- political Islam. --- polylith. --- public diplomacy. --- rationality. --- republicanism. --- secularism. --- socialists.