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Recently, energy development has received significant attention through the promising results of technology development, experimentation, computational modeling, and validation. However, it remains a persistent challenge to produce the needed energy while significantly reducing the environmental effects, such as the emission of greenhouse gases, which lead to climate change. Moreover, technological and economic limitations may also hinder energy development for sustainability. This book entitled Energy Development for Sustainability covers technologies, products, equipment, and devices as well as energy services based on software and data protected by patents and/or trademarks. This book will serve as a collection of the latest scientific and technological approaches to various energy development initiatives for sustainability encompassing novel sonocatalytic application and integrated algal and sludge-based wastewater treatment system, energy storage, sustainable building, gas absorption, organosolv pretreatment, energy usage and CO2 emission in transportation, coal regulation for energy, solar photovoltaic system, torrefaction for fuel production, energy management system, clean energy incubator, biofuels from microalgae, and the influence of COVID-19 on climate change. Overall, this book addresses researchers, advanced students, technical consultants, as well as decision-makers in industries and politics. This book contains comprehensive overview and in-depth technical research papers addressing recent progress in the area of energy development for sustainability. We hope the readers will enjoy this book.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- multi-objective optimization --- bioenergy --- biomass --- microalgae --- sludge --- wastewater --- algae --- biofuel production --- environmental policy --- life cycle assessment --- clean energy incubator --- core competitiveness evaluation --- matter-element extension --- TOPSIS --- KPCA --- NSGA-II --- LSSVM --- smart grid --- time-of-use --- demand bidding program --- battery energy storage system --- direct search method --- sorghum distilled residue --- thermogravimetric analysis --- torrefaction kinetics --- biomass and bioenergy --- particle swarm optimization (PSO) --- biochar --- LMDI decomposition --- spatiotemporal analysis --- ASEAN --- climate change --- CO2 emissions --- light trapping --- zero-depth concentrator --- light reflection --- internal-cell spacing --- energy system --- coal regulation --- pollution abatement --- environmental benefits --- health benefits --- transport --- spatial LMDI --- emissions --- Philippines --- Google Maps --- transportation --- energy use --- modeling --- vehicle flow --- organosolv pretreatment --- delignification --- fractionation --- organic solvent --- degraded empty fruit bunch --- COVID-19 --- CO2 --- fossil fuel --- Malaysia --- metal–organic framework --- MIL-101 --- solvent free --- adsorption --- carbon dioxide --- air conditioner --- cooling load --- heat conduction --- residential building --- roof insulation --- roof tile color --- solar reflectance --- metal–air battery --- carbon particles --- biomass waste --- electro-catalyst --- g-C3N4 --- carbon composite --- coconut shell husk --- characteristic --- sonocatalytic degradation --- malachite green --- multi-objective optimization --- bioenergy --- biomass --- microalgae --- sludge --- wastewater --- algae --- biofuel production --- environmental policy --- life cycle assessment --- clean energy incubator --- core competitiveness evaluation --- matter-element extension --- TOPSIS --- KPCA --- NSGA-II --- LSSVM --- smart grid --- time-of-use --- demand bidding program --- battery energy storage system --- direct search method --- sorghum distilled residue --- thermogravimetric analysis --- torrefaction kinetics --- biomass and bioenergy --- particle swarm optimization (PSO) --- biochar --- LMDI decomposition --- spatiotemporal analysis --- ASEAN --- climate change --- CO2 emissions --- light trapping --- zero-depth concentrator --- light reflection --- internal-cell spacing --- energy system --- coal regulation --- pollution abatement --- environmental benefits --- health benefits --- transport --- spatial LMDI --- emissions --- Philippines --- Google Maps --- transportation --- energy use --- modeling --- vehicle flow --- organosolv pretreatment --- delignification --- fractionation --- organic solvent --- degraded empty fruit bunch --- COVID-19 --- CO2 --- fossil fuel --- Malaysia --- metal–organic framework --- MIL-101 --- solvent free --- adsorption --- carbon dioxide --- air conditioner --- cooling load --- heat conduction --- residential building --- roof insulation --- roof tile color --- solar reflectance --- metal–air battery --- carbon particles --- biomass waste --- electro-catalyst --- g-C3N4 --- carbon composite --- coconut shell husk --- characteristic --- sonocatalytic degradation --- malachite green

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Recently, energy development has received significant attention through the promising results of technology development, experimentation, computational modeling, and validation. However, it remains a persistent challenge to produce the needed energy while significantly reducing the environmental effects, such as the emission of greenhouse gases, which lead to climate change. Moreover, technological and economic limitations may also hinder energy development for sustainability. This book entitled Energy Development for Sustainability covers technologies, products, equipment, and devices as well as energy services based on software and data protected by patents and/or trademarks. This book will serve as a collection of the latest scientific and technological approaches to various energy development initiatives for sustainability encompassing novel sonocatalytic application and integrated algal and sludge-based wastewater treatment system, energy storage, sustainable building, gas absorption, organosolv pretreatment, energy usage and CO2 emission in transportation, coal regulation for energy, solar photovoltaic system, torrefaction for fuel production, energy management system, clean energy incubator, biofuels from microalgae, and the influence of COVID-19 on climate change. Overall, this book addresses researchers, advanced students, technical consultants, as well as decision-makers in industries and politics. This book contains comprehensive overview and in-depth technical research papers addressing recent progress in the area of energy development for sustainability. We hope the readers will enjoy this book.

multi-objective optimization --- bioenergy --- biomass --- microalgae --- sludge --- wastewater --- algae --- biofuel production --- environmental policy --- life cycle assessment --- clean energy incubator --- core competitiveness evaluation --- matter-element extension --- TOPSIS --- KPCA --- NSGA-II --- LSSVM --- smart grid --- time-of-use --- demand bidding program --- battery energy storage system --- direct search method --- sorghum distilled residue --- thermogravimetric analysis --- torrefaction kinetics --- biomass and bioenergy --- particle swarm optimization (PSO) --- biochar --- LMDI decomposition --- spatiotemporal analysis --- ASEAN --- climate change --- CO2 emissions --- light trapping --- zero-depth concentrator --- light reflection --- internal-cell spacing --- energy system --- coal regulation --- pollution abatement --- environmental benefits --- health benefits --- transport --- spatial LMDI --- emissions --- Philippines --- Google Maps --- transportation --- energy use --- modeling --- vehicle flow --- organosolv pretreatment --- delignification --- fractionation --- organic solvent --- degraded empty fruit bunch --- COVID-19 --- CO2 --- fossil fuel --- Malaysia --- metal–organic framework --- MIL-101 --- solvent free --- adsorption --- carbon dioxide --- air conditioner --- cooling load --- heat conduction --- residential building --- roof insulation --- roof tile color --- solar reflectance --- metal–air battery --- carbon particles --- biomass waste --- electro-catalyst --- g-C3N4 --- carbon composite --- coconut shell husk --- characteristic --- sonocatalytic degradation --- malachite green

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Primary energy consumption around the world has been increasing steadily since the Industrial Revolution and shows no signals of slowing down in the coming years. This trend is accompanied by the increasing pollutant concentration on the Earth’s biosystems and the general concerns over the health and environmental impacts that will ensue. Air quality, water purity, atmospheric CO2 concentration, etc., are some examples of environmental parameters that are degrading due to human activities. These ecosystems can be safeguarded without renouncing industrial development, urban and economic development through the use of low environmental impact technologies instead of equivalent pollutant ones or through the use of technologies to mitigate the negative impact of high emissions technologies. Pollutant abatement systems, carbon capture technologies, biobased products, etc. need to be established in order to make environmental parameters more and more similar to the pre-industrialization values of the planet Earth. In 15 papers international scientists addressed such topics, especially combining a high academic standard coupled with a practical focus on green processes and a quantitative approach to environmental impacts.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- environmental compliance --- enterprise innovation --- Chinese manufacturing enterprises --- U-shaped relationship --- anaerobic digestion --- digestate --- liquid-solid separation --- membrane separation --- nutrient recovery --- membrane fouling --- biomass --- syngas scrubber wastewater --- environmental pollution --- pollutant abatement technologies --- biochar --- adsorption --- air quality --- Saharan dust --- mineral dust --- toxicity assessment --- luminescent bacteria --- acute and chronic toxicity --- environmental stringency policies --- human development --- CO2 emissions --- panel cointegration and causality analyses --- hydroelectricity consumption --- economic growth --- urbanization --- China --- crop production --- agricultural carbon emissions --- EKC --- decoupling --- LMDI --- innovative human capital --- CO2 emission --- Chinese provinces --- emissions trading system --- green total factor productivity --- spatial difference-in-difference --- energy efficiency --- green innovation --- industry structure --- spatial heterogeneity --- carbon tax --- low-carbon economy --- double dividend --- CGE model --- tax neutrality --- carbon tax recycling system --- human resource management (HRM) --- green psychological climate (GPC) --- green organizational culture (GOC) --- environmental concerns --- economic performance --- CEO tournament incentive --- tournament theory --- state-owned enterprises --- carbon tax recycling policy --- green economy --- technological progress --- triple dividend --- carbon emissions --- channeled emission --- emission factor --- particulate matter --- abatement technology --- ceramic industry --- PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 --- n/a

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In the current scenario in which climate change dominates our lives and in which we all need to combat and drastically reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, renewable energies play key roles as present and future energy sources. Renewable energies vary across a wide range, and therefore, there are related studies for each type of energy. This Special Issue is composed of studies integrating the latest research innovations and knowledge focused on all types of renewable energy: onshore and offshore wind, photovoltaic, solar, biomass, geothermal, waves, tides, hydro, etc. Authors were invited submit review and research papers focused on energy resource estimation, all types of TRL converters, civil infrastructure, electrical connection, environmental studies, licensing and development of facilities, construction, operation and maintenance, mechanical and structural analysis, new materials for these facilities, etc. Analyses of a combination of several renewable energies as well as storage systems to progress the development of these sustainable energies were welcomed.

RE prospects and challenges --- RE regulations and policy --- RE in Bangladesh --- geothermal energy --- induced seismicity --- fault --- Basel --- poroelasticity --- HEM --- PV sizing --- Load scheduling --- Dijkstra Algorithm --- BPSO --- GA --- optimization --- wind farm --- pumped storage --- isolated systems --- power plant efficiency --- compact pigeon-inspired optimization --- maximum short-term generation --- swarm intelligence --- hydroelectric power station --- strategic planning --- site selection process --- offshore wind farms --- geographic information systems --- portfolio analysis --- Greece --- renewable energy --- photovoltaic generation --- battery storage --- reliability evaluation --- Monte Carlo Simulation --- photovoltaics (PV) --- biomass --- off-grid electrification --- feasibility analysis --- cost analysis --- simple payback period --- CO2 emissions --- residential energy-related CO2 emissions --- less developed regions --- urban and rural regions --- LMDI --- Tapio decoupling --- Jiangxi province --- Hybrid energy system --- wind power --- photovoltaic --- hosting capacity --- distribution system --- integrated system --- floating buoy --- offshore structure --- wave energy converter --- non-negative spring stiffness --- renewable–growth hypothesis --- renewable electricity --- economic growth --- renewable manufacturing --- energy–growth nexus --- inverters --- converters --- distributed generators --- utility grid --- hierarchical control --- PHEV --- NEDC --- WLTP --- energy consumption --- NEV credit regulation --- subsidy policy --- frequency control --- power system stability --- variable renewable energy sources --- wind power plants --- photovoltaic power plants --- wave energy converters --- heaving point absorber --- design and performance --- spatial and temporal variation --- emergy --- emergetic ternary diagrams --- sustainability --- environmental loading --- energy systems assessment --- solar updraft tower --- artificial neural network --- principal component analysis --- wave overtopping rate --- photovoltaic spatial planning --- photovoltaic carrying capacity --- influence factors --- optimization strategies --- carrying capacity distribution --- planning adjustment --- renewable energy resources --- grid integrated solar PV systems --- sustainable power generation --- maximum power point tracking --- grid reliability and voltage source converter

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This collection that is based on the Special Issue contains 37 high-quality, rigorously peer-reviewed, cutting-edge pieces of original research applying a multi-disciplinary academic approach to study how to improve environment quality and healthy living in contemporary and future urban environments. This multidisciplinary collection helps to disseminate and communicate scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries of how to make healthy cities available to researchers, academics, and the general public globally.

Humanities --- Social interaction --- urban sprawl --- physical health --- mental health --- Smog Free Tower --- air purification --- housing price --- moderating effect --- traffic convenience --- urban resilience --- spatiotemporal differentiation --- ESDA --- geographical detector model --- YRB --- social capital --- social participation --- volunteering --- urban China --- urban governance --- Chinese national scenic areas --- tourism economy --- time-limited rectification --- pilot free trade zones --- green total factor productivity --- green development --- difference-in-differences --- quasi-natural experiment --- land use evolution --- land ecological security --- AHP-FCE model --- evaluation --- China --- business environment --- FDI --- BRI countries --- status elevation the global value chain --- pilot free trade zone --- port --- green TFP --- environmental constraints --- regional heterogeneity --- air pollution --- health shocks --- labor mobility --- mediating effect --- threshold effect --- production-living-ecology --- spatial transformation characteristics --- spatial conflicts --- urban agglomeration --- carbon emissions --- Tapio decoupling --- LMDI model --- provincial level --- low-carbon economy --- physical inactivity --- prolonged sitting --- unhealthy diet --- sports facilities --- street greenery --- spatial accessibility --- medical system --- multi-tiered two-step floating catchment area (MT2SFCA) method --- equity --- healthcare --- Hu Line of land --- “production-living-ecology” coordination --- spatial heterogeneity --- ESDA-GWR --- COVID-19 --- mask --- willingness to pay --- protection motivation theory --- contingent value method --- urban --- health impact assessment --- bibliometric analysis --- CiteSpace --- knowledge mapping --- disaster-preventive migration (DPM) --- social stability risk --- fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) --- ethnic minority area --- green finance --- ecological environment --- coupling coordination rate --- spatiotemporal evolution --- driving factor --- environmental equality --- guanxi network --- pig farming pollution --- cost and benefit sharing --- technological innovation --- coupling coordination --- green economy --- aging migration --- housing tenure --- social integration --- Beijing --- environmental pollution control investment efficiency --- three-stage DEA --- super-efficient SBM --- Global-Malmquist-Luenberger index --- regional differences --- digital financial inclusion --- green innovation --- financing constraints --- life cycle --- carbon emissions trading --- total factor productivity of agricultural enterprises --- double difference --- policy mix --- policy design --- pandemic management --- policy outcomes --- compound crisis --- urban sustainability --- healthy cities --- projects --- risks --- expert evaluation --- fuzzy sets --- European Green Deal --- Industry 5.0 --- decision-making --- transport --- medical infrastructure --- healing and therapeutic design --- blockchain --- building information modeling (BIM) --- landscape information modeling (LIM) --- city information modeling (CIM) --- art therapy --- sustainable development --- non-fungible token (NFT) --- Health Metaverse --- workplace --- avoidance behavior --- public health --- regression discontinuity design --- migration intention --- high human capital --- instrumental variable --- regional economic resilience --- influence mechanism --- Yellow River Basin --- quality of life --- healthy region --- healthy environment --- spatial --- synthetic measure --- voivodship --- national fitness policy --- national health --- human capital --- public finance health expenditures --- civil registration --- block chain --- digitization governance --- smart contract --- urban young returnees --- happiness --- healthy China --- HLM --- SEM --- rural-to-urban migrant --- performance analysis --- science mapping --- network analysis --- environmental policy uncertainty --- enterprise pollution emission --- enterprise innovation --- the foreign investment