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The spread of COVID-19 has disrupted firm operations on a global scale. Using a comprehensive data set that observes over 3,000 firms in 16 countries, including several developing countries, shortly before and after the pandemic, we relate firms' structured management practices to post- COIVD-19 outcomes, and report four main findings. First, structured management practices are associated with more limited downside impacts of the crisis on firm sales and survival in manufacturing but not in services. Better managed manufacturing firms, on average, experience a smaller reduction in sales. Second, in both manufacturing and services, structured management practice scores are correlated with a firm's ability to adjust or convert product mix and shift to online work arrangements. Third, management scores are not correlated with firm's ability to adjust on employment margins. Fourth, the resilience of better managed firms is related primarily to incentive practices and is uncorrelated with operations or targeting practices. Monitoring practice scores show a modest correlation with a firm's ability to switch to remote work arrangements.
Business Cycles and Stabilization Policies --- Coronavirus --- Corporate Governance --- Corporate Social Responsibility --- COVID-19 --- Disease Control and Prevention --- Enterprise Development and Reform --- Entrepreneurship --- Health, Nutrition and Population --- Innovation --- Labor Practice --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Management Practices --- Pandemic Impact --- Pandemic Response --- Private Sector Development --- Small and Medium Size Enterprises --- Social Responsibility
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Have activists taken the bumper-sticker adage "Think Globally, Act Locally" too literally? Randy Shaw argues that they have, with destructive consequences for America. Since the 1970s, activist participation in national struggles has steadily given way to a nearly exclusive focus on local issues. America's political and corporate elite has succeeded in controlling the national agenda, while their adversaries--the citizen activists and organizations who spent decades building federal programs to reflect the country's progressive ideals--increasingly bypass national fights. The result has been not only the dismantling of hard-won federal programs but also the sabotaging of local agendas and community instituions by decisions made in the national arena. Shaw urges activists and their organizations to implement a "new national activism" by channeling energy from closely knit local groups into broader causes. Such activism enables locally oriented activists to shape America's future and work on national fights without traveling to Washington, D.C., but instead working in their own backyards. Focusing on the David and Goliath struggle between Nike and grassroots activists critical of the company's overseas labor practices, Shaw shows how national activism can rewrite the supposedly ironclad rules of the global economy by ensuring fair wages and decent living standards for workers at home and abroad. Similarly, the recent struggles for stronger clean air standards and new federal budget priorities demonstrate the potential grassroots national activism to overcome the corporate and moneyed interests that increasingly dictate America's future. Reclaiming America's final section describes how community-based nonprofit organizations, the media, and the Internet are critical resources for building national activism. Shaw declares that community-based groups can and must combine their service work with national grassroots advocacy. He also describes how activists can use public relations to win attention in today's sprawling media environment, and he details the movement-building potential of e-mail. All these resources are essential for activists and their organizations to reclaim America's progressive ideals.
Social action --- Community organization --- Political participation --- Social Conditions --- Sociology & Social History --- Social Sciences --- Community organization. --- Government, Resistance to. --- Civil resistance --- Non-resistance to government --- Political resistance --- Resistance to government --- Political science --- Political violence --- Insurgency --- Nonviolence --- Revolutions --- CBOs (Community organization) --- Community-based organizations --- Community councils --- Community life --- activism. --- activist participation. --- american culture. --- american government. --- american politics. --- citizen activists. --- clean air standards. --- community based nonprofit organization. --- fair wages. --- global economy. --- grassroots activism. --- labor politics. --- labor practice. --- labor struggles. --- labor. --- local issues. --- movement building. --- national agenda. --- national fights. --- national government. --- national grassroots advocacy. --- national policy. --- national struggles. --- new national activism. --- nike. --- public relations. --- standard of living.
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