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L’histoire de ce minuscule parasite, le toxoplasme, nous concerne tous, ou presque. Il contamine les animaux à sang chaud, dont l’Homme. Parasité par le toxoplasme, un rat recherche la compagnie d’un chat, au lieu de le fuir. Et nous, les humains ? Sans manifester des signes visibles de maladie, nous sommes, en France, une moitié de la population à l’abriter dans nos cerveaux. Comment y atterrit-il ? Qu’y fait-il ? Le toxoplasme peut-il influencer nos actions ? Notre personnalité même ? Les recherches épidémiologiques, cliniques, psychologiques nous donnent des indices : l’infection par le toxoplasme est corrélée, par exemple, avec certaines pathologies cérébrales et avec certains comportements à risque. Mais comment le sait-on ? L’auteur s’attache à concilier l’intelligibilité du langage et la rigueur de l’exposé ; la fenêtre qu’elle entrouvre sur la « science en devenir » contribue à bâtir une attitude « raisonnablement critique et raisonnablement confiante » à l’égard des découvertes scientifiques. En présentant les faits et méfaits du toxoplasme, l’ouvrage introduit au monde du parasitisme, ce mode particulier, mais non unique, de cohabitation entre les organismes.

SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Biology. --- Toxoplasmosis in animals. --- Toxoplasma.

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Innumerable clinical problems have as their basis some derangement in oxygen-dependent metabolism. To explore mechanisms of adjusting to oxygen limitation, Living without Oxygen presents a bestiary of exotic anaerobes that illuminate elements of metabolic biochemistry only dimly seen in studies using standard experimental animals. With their exaggerated anaerobic capabilities, Hochachka's diving mammals, airbreathing fishes, and hypoxia-adapted lower vertebrates allow a detailed assessment of what can and what cannot be adjusted in the process of extending hypoxia tolerance. The book places the enzymatic and biochemical machinery firmly in the biological context and assumes only a modest familiarity with bioenergetics and metabolic biochemistry. The author's clear prose should make this technical presentation pleasantly unintimidating for any physiologist, biochemist, or clinical investigator. The insights of his unique approach make Living without Oxygen essential reading.

Anaerobiosis. --- Anoxemia. --- Glycolysis. --- Oxygen -- Physiological effect. --- SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Biology.

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Few developments in the intellectual life of the past quarter-century have provoked more controversy than the attempt to engineer human-like intelligence by artificial means. Born of computer science, this effort has sparked a continuing debate among the psychologists, neuroscientists, philosophers,and linguists who have pioneered--and criticized--artificial intelligence. Are there general principles, as some computer scientists had originally hoped, that would fully describe the activity of both animal and machine minds, just as aerodynamics accounts for the flight of birds and airplanes? In the twenty substantial interviews published here, leading researchers address this and other vexing questions in the field of cognitive science.The interviewees include Patricia Smith Churchland (Take It Apart and See How It Runs), Paul M. Churchland (Neural Networks and Commonsense), Aaron V. Cicourel (Cognition and Cultural Belief), Daniel C. Dennett (In Defense of AI), Hubert L. Dreyfus (Cognitivism Abandoned), Jerry A. Fodor (The Folly of Simulation), John Haugeland (Farewell to GOFAI?), George Lakoff (Embodied Minds and Meanings), James L. McClelland (Toward a Pragmatic Connectionism), Allen Newell (The Serial Imperative), Stephen E. Palmer (Gestalt Psychology Redux), Hilary Putnam (Against the New Associationism), David E. Rumelhart (From Searching to Seeing), John R. Searle (Ontology Is the Question), Terrence J. Sejnowski (The Hardware Really Matters), Herbert A. Simon (Technology Is Not the Problem), Joseph Weizenbaum (The Myth of the Last Metaphor), Robert Wilensky (Why Play the Philosophy Game?), Terry A.Winograd (Computers and Social Values), and Lotfi A. Zadeh (The Albatross of Classical Logic). Speaking Minds can complement more traditional textbooks but can also stand alone as an introduction to the field.Originally published in 1995.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Cognitive science. --- Scientists --- SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Biology. --- Science --- Philosophy of mind

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"Numbering 92 species worldwide, the order Lagomorpha is a focal point of conservation efforts. Approximately one-quarter of all lagomorphs are under conservation concern, and a few are quite literally on the brink of extinction. Here, leading conservation biologist Andrew T. Smith and his colleagues bring together the world's lagomorph experts in the most comprehensive reference on the order ever produced. With detailed species accounts--illustrated with stunning color photos and up-to-date range maps--contributors highlight key ecological roles that lagomorphs play and explain in depth how scientists around the globe are working to save vulnerable populations. Thematic introductory chapters cover a broad spectrum of information about pikas, rabbits, and hares, from evolution, systematics, and diseases to lagomorph conservation status and management. Each animal account begins with the complete scientific and common names for each species. A description of the appearance and unique morphological characteristics is accompanied by a range of standard measurements of adult specimens. Subsequent sections discuss known paleontological data concerning the species, the current state of its taxonomy and geographic variation, and various aspects of the animal's biology. Aimed at naturalists, professional biologists, and students, this book will also serve as a valuable reference for those conducting biodiversity surveys and conservation throughout the world"--

SCIENCE / Reference. --- SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Zoology / Mammals. --- SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Biology / General. --- Lagomorpha. --- Lagomorphs --- Duplicidentata --- Mammals

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"Explores the theoretical implications of teleonomy, an evolved purposeness exhibited by living systems, and how it has shaped natural selection and biological complexity"--

Evolution (Biology) --- Teleology. --- Philosophy. --- SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Evolution --- SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Biology --- TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Biomedical