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Scientism --- causation --- mental disorder --- causal explanation --- Psychiatry

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

free energy --- psychoanalysis --- dreams --- symptoms --- mental disorder

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The search to identify the genes for mental illnesses has been complicated by the critical, yet poorly understood, role that environment plays in development of these disorders. Immediate early genes link environmental events, such as stress, to long-term changes in the brain. These genes play critical roles in numerous processes that are affected in mental illnesses including synaptic plasticity and memory, growth factor regulation, myelination and vascularization, and immune function. Thus, dysfunction in the activation of immediate early genes may explain the dual genetic and environmental etiology of these enigmatic illnesses. The current Research Topic explores the role of immediate early genes in processes that may underlie the symptoms, or risk to develop, neuropsychiatric illnesses.

immediate early gene --- mental disorder --- environment --- stress --- memory

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The search to identify the genes for mental illnesses has been complicated by the critical, yet poorly understood, role that environment plays in development of these disorders. Immediate early genes link environmental events, such as stress, to long-term changes in the brain. These genes play critical roles in numerous processes that are affected in mental illnesses including synaptic plasticity and memory, growth factor regulation, myelination and vascularization, and immune function. Thus, dysfunction in the activation of immediate early genes may explain the dual genetic and environmental etiology of these enigmatic illnesses. The current Research Topic explores the role of immediate early genes in processes that may underlie the symptoms, or risk to develop, neuropsychiatric illnesses.

Science: general issues --- Neurosciences --- immediate early gene --- mental disorder --- environment --- stress --- memory

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Panhandling, the act of stopping people on the street or in public or private spaces to ask for food or money, has long been part of the urban environment. The activity generates various reactions from people: some see it as a sign of poverty and lack of services including affordable housing for marginalized groups. Others view it as having a negative effect on businesses. Some perceive panhandling to be the outcome of alcohol and substance abuse; the result of family breakdown; or as the actions of those unable or unwilling to sustain themselves by other activities.

Begging --- Vagrancy --- Prevention. --- Affordable housing --- Alcoholism --- Crime --- Domestic violence --- Employment --- First nations --- Homelessness --- Mental disorder --- Poverty